Abstract: An autonomous vehicle having sensors advantageously varied in capabilities, advantageously positioned, and advantageously impervious to environmental conditions. A system executing on the autonomous vehicle that can receive a map including, for example, substantially discontinuous surface features along with data from the sensors, create an occupancy grid based upon the map and the data, and change the configuration of the autonomous vehicle based upon the type of surface on which the autonomous vehicle navigates. The device can safely navigate surfaces and surface features, including traversing discontinuous surfaces and other obstacles.

Abstract: A nasal respiratory apparatus includes a nasal interface, such as a nasal dam, and a removable air chamber assembly. The nasal dam may be a solid form with nares ports channeling air flow to an air chamber of the air chamber assembly via nares ports in the air chamber assembly. The nasal dam may be hollow, with a membrane with nares ports interfacing with the nares of a patient for channeling air flow to the air chamber of the air chamber assembly.

Abstract: A nasal ventilation mask having one or more attachment ports located adjacent to and overlying an upper lip of a patient when worn.

Abstract: A nasal ventilator assembly provides pressurized nasal oxygenation, ventilation and end tidal CO2 sampling with a movable piston, actuation of which opens and closes a vent to vent exhaled gasses to atmosphere. The piston is moved by force applied by gas supply and patient exhalation to a piston surface to actuate a spring to unblock the vent or vents to cause fluid communication between an air chamber and atmosphere. Also disclosed are an intelligent gas source and various valve configurations for use in the intelligent gas source for supplying gas to the pressurized nasal ventilator assembly or other nasal ventilation device.

Abstract: A nasal respiratory apparatus comprising a compressible nasal dam is removably engaged with an air chamber to provide respiratory gas to a patient. The air chamber has a gas connection port, at least one nasal conduit, a nasal end tidal sample port, wherein the gas connection port is configured to receive an externally supplied gas via a gas supply tube and wherein the at least one nasal conduit in fluid communication with the gas connection port. The nasal dam has a least one nares port corresponding to the at least one nasal conduit of the air chamber, the nares port extending from an upper external surface of the nasal dam to a lower external surface of the nasal dam such that the upper external surface of the nasal dam interfaces with soft tissue of a patients nasal base to provide a substantial seal around the patients nasal base to facilitate respiratory gas supply to the patient.

Abstract: A nasal ventilation mask having one or more attachment ports located adjacent to and overlying an upper lip of a patient when worn.

Abstract: Disclosed is a nasal ventilation mask having separate ports to monitor end-tidal CO2 expulsion integrated into the mask in order to monitor end-tidal CO2 expelled nasally or orally. Also disclosed is a CPR mask for nose-to-mouth and/or mouth-to-mouth resuscitation, having a body shaped to cover the nose and/or mouth of a victim, the mask including a CO2 absorber for eliminating at least in part rescuer's exhaled CO2 delivered to the victim.

Abstract: A nasal ventilation mask having one or more attachment ports located adjacent to and overlying an upper lip of a patient when worn.

Abstract: Disclosed is a nasal ventilation mask having separate ports to monitor end-tidal CO2 expulsion integrated into the mask in order to monitor end-tidal CO2 expelled nasally or orally. Also disclosed is a CPR mask for nose-to-mouth and/or mouth-to-mouth resuscitation, having a body shaped to cover the nose and/or mouth of a victim, the mask including a CO2 absorber for eliminating at least in part rescuer's exhaled CO2 delivered to the victim.

Abstract: A nasal mask has exhalation scoop fixed adjacent a lower portion of mask, adapted to overlie an upper lip of a patient when the mask is worn. The mask includes ports for sampling flow of CO2 expelled from the mouth and nose of the patient to the end-tidal CO2 port, and a pressure-based flow resistor for balancing flow of CO2 expelled from the mouth and the nose of the patient.

Abstract: A nasal mask has exhalation scoop fixed adjacent a lower portion of mask, adapted to overlie an upper lip of a patient when the mask is worn. The mask includes ports for sampling flow of CO2 expelled from the mouth and nose of the patient to the end-tidal CO2 port, and a pressure-based flow resistor for balancing flow of CO2 expelled from the mouth and the nose of the patient.

Abstract: A nasal respiratory apparatus with end tidal sampling is disclosed and is intended to support providing oxygen, ventilation and end tidal CO2 sampling of the patient oxygenation during pre-operation, undergoing anesthesia intra-operation and post-operation during recovery. Additional features of the device include an oral shield/scoop that allows for sampling of orally ventilated end tidal CO2 and a bite block that allows for oral end tidal CO2 sampling an opens the patients mouth, allowing for use of an endotracheal tube, head straps, and nares ports.

Abstract: A gas ventilation mask includes an anesthesia nasal mask and a mouth mask defining respectively a nasal chamber and an oral chamber, detachably connected to one another so that the nasal mask and the mouth mask may be used either separately as a nasal mask or as a mouth mask, or as a combination nasal-mouth mask. Also provided is an anesthesia mask strap system having a first expandable strap portion having the ability to extend; second and third non-expandable strap sections fixed to ends of the first expandable strap section; and an adhesion section for fixing a length of the strap system when the second and third non-expandable strap sections are pulled to tension the expandable strap section.