Abstract: Synthetic methods are described herein operable to efficiently produce a wide variety of molecular species through conjugate additions via decarboxylative mechanisms. For example, methods of functionalization of peptide residues are described, including selective functionalization of peptide C-terminal residues. In one aspect, a method of peptide functionalization comprises providing a reaction mixture including a Michael acceptor and a peptide and coupling the Michael acceptor with the peptide via a mechanism including decarboxylation of a peptide reside.

Abstract: Synthetic methods are described herein operable to efficiently produce a wide variety of molecular species through conjugate additions via decarboxylative mechanisms. For example, methods of functionalization of peptide residues are described, including selective functionalization of peptide C-terminal residues. In one aspect, a method of peptide functionalization comprises providing a reaction mixture including a Michael acceptor and a peptide and coupling the Michael acceptor with the peptide via a mechanism including decarboxylation of a peptide reside.

Abstract: Synthetic methods are described herein operable to efficiently produce a wide variety of molecular species through conjugate additions via decarboxylative mechanisms. For example, methods of functionalization of peptide residues are described, including selective functionalization of peptide C-terminal residues. In one aspect, a method of peptide functionalization comprises providing a reaction mixture including a Michael acceptor and a peptide and coupling the Michael acceptor with the peptide via a mechanism including decarboxylation of a peptide reside.

Abstract: Synthetic methods are described herein operable to efficiently produce a wide variety of molecular species through conjugate additions via decarboxylative mechanisms. For example, methods of functionalization of peptide residues are described, including selective functionalization of peptide C-terminal residues. In one aspect, a method of peptide functionalization comprises providing a reaction mixture including a Michael acceptor and a peptide and coupling the Michael acceptor with the peptide via a mechanism including decarboxylation of a peptide reside.

Abstract: Synthetic methods are described herein operable to efficiently produce a wide variety of molecular species through conjugate additions via decarboxylative mechanisms. For example, methods of functionalization of peptide residues are described, including selective functionalization of peptide C-terminal residues. In one aspect, a method of peptide functionalization comprises providing a reaction mixture including a Michael acceptor and a peptide and coupling the Michael acceptor with the peptide via a mechanism including decarboxylation of a peptide reside.

Abstract: This document relates to compounds useful for modulating sirtuin enzymes. For example, the compounds provided herein are useful as broad spectrum antiviral agents. In addition, the compounds provided herein may be used in the treatment of other disorders associated with sirtuin enzymes, such as diseases related to aging and stress, blood clotting disorders, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, inflammation, neurodegenerative diseases, and obesity.

Abstract: A method for production of a chemical library is provided, where the method involves: reacting, in a single vessel, a) a plurality, x, of aldehydes and/or ketones; and b) either (i) a plurality, y, of nucleophiles, (ii) a plurality, z, of electrophiles or both (i) and (ii); in the presence of c) a cascade catalyst capable of catalyzing reaction between said plurality of aldehydes and/or ketones and said plurality of nucleophiles, said plurality of electrophiles or both; to obtain a mixture of x-y ?-nucleophile substituted aldehydes and/or ketones, x•z ?-electrophile substituted aldehydes and/or ketones or x•y•z ?-nucleophile substituted, ?-electrophile substituted aldehydes and/or ketones; and the chemical libraries thus produced.

Abstract: A method for production of a chemical library is provided, where the method involves: reacting, in a single vessel, a) a plurality, x, of aldehydes and/or ketones; and b) either (i) a plurality, y, of nucleophiles, (ii) a plurality, z, of electrophiles or both (i) and (ii); in the presence of c) a cascade catalyst capable of catalyzing reaction between said plurality of aldehydes and/or ketones and said plurality of nucleophiles, said plurality of electrophiles or both; to obtain a mixture of x-y ?-nucleophile substituted aldehydes and/or ketones, xz ?-electrophile substituted aldehydes and/or ketones or xyz ?-nucleophile substituted, ?-electrophile substituted aldehydes and/or ketones; and the chemical libraries thus produced.

Abstract: Nonmetallic, chiral organic catalysts are used to catalyze the 1,4-hydride reduction of an ?,?-unsaturated carbonyl compound. The ?,?-unsaturated carbonyl compound may be an aldehyde or cyclic ketone, and the hydride donor may be a dihydropyridine. The reaction is enantioselective, and proceeds with a variety of hydride donors, catalysts, and substrates. The invention also provides compositions effective in carrying out the 1,4-hydride addition of ?,?-unsaturated carbonyl compounds.

Abstract: A method and logical apparatus for accomplishing the two-way authentication of two parties without the use of nonce values. In the prior art, authentication may be accomplished both through the use of stored and of generated password lists. Also from the prior art these methods may be extended by the use of “nonce” values, a subset of a larger category of “anti-replay values” (ARVs). ARVs are values which satisfy the constraints that they must be used only once, that they must be unguessable by an attacker, and that they must reveal nothing about either the entity generating them or the entity receiving them. These methods are extended here by using not nonces but “Mutual Anti-Replay Values” (MARVs), which are values which satisfy the requirements for ARVs and which, further, are known to both the authenticator and authenticatee.

Abstract: A system, method, and API for automatic digital library creation is disclosed. One aspect of the invention involves a computer-implemented method in which a storage server: receives data from a plurality of authorities; determines content that meets a thematic profile of a user based at least on: data received from a first authority in the plurality of authorities, and data received from a second authority in the plurality of authorities; and receives and stores at least some of the determined content.

Abstract: A generalized-topology heterogeneous time-variant computing environment (CE) is defined, which includes generalized Usage Devices (UDs), Storage Devices (SDs), and Data Links (DLs). It includes as SDs all physical or virtual devices which may be used to store data and on which data may be accessed via an Access Protocol (AP), including devices of types not conventionally recognized as SDs. An Inline Storage Protection Device (ISPD) is defined, which is enabled for use by a physically distinct ISPD Key device (ISPDK) which must be removed after enablement. An ISPD protects using encryption the data on an SD associated with it, and simultaneously it applies data usage Policy and performs Auditing of data usage. In another operating scenario, an ISPD may function as a simple data protection device without applying Policy or performing Auditing, but in such operation excluding particular types of SDs addressed by similar devices in the prior art.

Abstract: Nonmetallic, chiral organic catalysts are used to catalyze the 1,4-hydride reduction of an ?,?-unsaturated carbonyl compound. The ?,?-unsaturated carbonyl compound may be an aldehyde or cyclic ketone, and the hydride donor may be a dihydropyridine. The reaction is enantioselective, and proceeds with a variety of hydride donors, catalysts, and substrates. The invention also provides compositions effective in carrying out the 1,4-hydride addition of ?,?-unsaturated carbonyl compounds.

Abstract: A system and method for automatic storage and serving of digital content is disclosed. One aspect of the invention involves a computer-implemented method in which a storage server in a local area network of a user: automatically receives content from a first client device associated with the user, wherein: the received content is determined in accordance with a storage server profile for the storage server, and receiving the content frees up storage space on the first client device; stores at least some of the received content; receives a request for at least some of the stored received content to be served to a second client device associated with the user; and in response to the request for at least some of the stored received content, serves the requested content to the second client device.

Abstract: A system and method for automatic digital library creation is disclosed. One aspect of the invention involves a computer-implemented method in which a storage server in a LAN of a user: automatically receives content from a client device in the LAN, wherein: the received content is determined in accordance with a storage server profile for the storage server, and receiving content frees up storage space on the client device; stores at least some of the content received from the client device; automatically receives content via an external network that is complementary to the stored content received from the client device, wherein the complementary content is determined in accordance with the storage server profile; and stores the complementary content.

Abstract: The embodiments of the invention provide for the storage of speech phrases. Speech phrases are processed by a speaker-independent speech recognition engine of a voice controlled device. This engine returns a speaker-independent representation of the phrase. The speaker-independent representation is stored. Embodiments of the invention include methods of converting text to speaker-independent representations of speech and speaker-independent representations of speech into text.

Abstract: Nonmetallic, chiral organic catalysts are used to catalyze enantioselective fluorination of enolizable aldehydes. Reaction systems composed of an enolizable aldehyde, an electrophilic fluorination reagent, and a nonmetallic chiral catalyst in the form of an imidazolidinone salt are also provided.

Abstract: Nonmetallic, chiral organic catalysts are used to catalyze the 1,4-hydride reduction of an ?,?-unsaturated carbonyl compound. The ?,?-unsaturated carbonyl compound may be an aldehyde or cyclic ketone, and the hydride donor may be a dihydropyridine. The reaction is enantioselective, and proceeds with a variety of hydride donors, catalysts, and substrates. The invention also provides compositions effective in carrying out the 1,4-hydride addition of ?,?-unsaturated carbonyl compounds.

Abstract: A doctor blade for use with an imaging apparatus includes an elongated member, and a metering surface formed on a portion of the elongated member. The metering surface has surface features, which are modified by buffing the metering surface.

Abstract: A toner layer regulating system for an electrophotographic image forming apparatus includes a toner carrier; a toner regulating member supported in cantilevered fashion against the toner carrier so as to form a toner nip therebetween comprising a flexible metallic substrate having a coating covering at least an area forming the nip; wherein the coating comprises at least a matrix of a base polymer and a plurality of fine particles having a particle size of 0.1 microns to thirty microns; wherein the coating has a thickness of approximately one hundred fifty microns or less; wherein the coating has a surface roughness in the range of 0.15 to 1.5 microns Ra and in the range of 1 to 15 microns Rz. A carrier stratum may be disposed between the coating and the substrate, and the coating may be single layer or have a plurality of layers.