Abstract: The invention relates to a device for investigating the statistical variability of an axial load gauge. The device is inserted into an axial load gauge and a load is gradually applied. At a preset load, a mechanism within the device controllably collapses and the applied load is safely transmitted through the structure of the device. A comparison of the load measured on the device load cell against that measured on the gauge load cell facilitates calculation of the repeatability and reproducibility of the axial load gauge. The test is non-destructible and highly repeatable; it permits comparison of load measurements made on different axial load gauge types and in different factories.

Abstract: Resistance welds on overlapped sheets of metal, such as the welded side seam of 3 piece cans, are monitored by measuring the width of the extrusion (5, 6) formed by material flowing out from the edge of the overlapped sheets (1, 2) caused by the welding process. The width of the extrusion (5, 6) is interpreted in terms of the temperature of the weld, and the welding process can be adjusted accordingly. The measurement of the extrusion width can be done optically.