Abstract: A disposable sterilized tattoo machine comprising a pre-assembled tattoo machine which is sterilized as an assembled tattoo machine and stored and/or sold in sterilized package prior to use and disposed of as an assembled tattoo machine after use on a client. The sterilized tattoo machine according to the present invention includes a motor mounted on a housing that includes an opening to receive a commercially available needle tube, and an electrical connector by which the tattoo machine may be connected for power and disconnected prior to disposal. The needle tube is located relative to the motor to permit the end of the needle to resiliently remain on the connecting element (e.g. eccentric pin) of the motor when assembled, yet allow for easy assembly, adjustment and removal of the needle and needle tube.

Abstract: A porous particulate material for treating a fluid containing a contaminant is disclosed. The particulate material comprises a cementitious matrix or binder and treated bauxite refinery residue or red mud. At least a portion of the pores in the particulate material is open cell or interconnected pores. The invention also relates to the use of a reactive permeable barrier comprising porous material, for treating a contaminated fluid. Also disclosed is a method for producing porous particulate material for treating a contaminated fluid and a method for treating a contaminated fluid, in which the porous material is used. The invention furthermore relates to a cementitious composition comprising partially neutralised red mud and cement, wherein the partially neutralised red mud has been pre-treated by contacting it with water having a total hardness supplied by calcium, magnesium or a combination thereof, of at least 3.5 millimoles per litre calcium carbonate equivalent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to fertiliser composition comprising from 95% to 1% by weight, based on the total weight of the fertiliser composition, of a phosphate fertiliser and from 5% to 99% by weight, based on the total weight of the fertiliser composition, of a phosphate binding substance selected from the group consisting of red mud that has been at least partially reacted with a material comprising at least one of calcium ions and magnesium ions, red mud that has been at least partially neutralised by addition of acid, red mud that has been at least partially neutralised by treatment with carbon dioxide, and red mud that has been at least partially neutralised by addition of at least one mineral containing at least one of calcium ions and magnesium ions, the phosphate binding substance having a reaction pH, when mixed with 5 times its weight of water, of less than 10.5. There are further provided methods for preparing the fertiliser and methods for fertilising soils.

Abstract: A process for the treatment of a waste material containing species having a high alkalinity and/or pH is disclosed. The process comprises the steps of contacting the waste material with a first treatment material such as sea water concentrated by evaporation. The amount of the first treatment material is sufficient to cause at least some of the alkaline species to be inactivated, thereby resulting in a treated waste material. The process may also include a step of separating the treated waste material into solid and liquid phases and then contacting the liquid phase with a sufficient amount of a second treatment material having a low pH, so as to cause at least one of the pH and alkalinity of the liquid phase to be reduced to an environmentally acceptable level.