Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions containing a detergent composition and an active metal containing compound, where the detergent composition includes a quaternary ammonium salt detergent and optionally an oxygen-containing detergent, and where the active metal containing compound is in the form of a colloidal dispersion, comprising an organic phase, particles of an iron compound in its amorphous form, and at least one amphiphilic agent. These compositions may be used in fuels and provide improved engine performance when such fuels are used, specifically by reducing fuel injector fouling in the engine and/or by improving the regeneration of the engine's particulate exhaust trap.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions containing a detergent composition and an active metal containing compound, where the detergent composition includes a quaternary ammonium salt detergent and optionally an oxygen-containing detergent, and where the active metal containing compound is in the form of a colloidal dispersion, comprising an organic phase, particles of an iron compound in its amorphous form, and at least one amphiphilic agent. These compositions may be used in fuels and provide improved engine performance when such fuels are used, specifically by reducing fuel injector fouling in the engine and/or by improving the regeneration of the engine's particulate exhaust trap.

Abstract: Compositions that include a detergent composition and an active metal compound are described wherein the detergent composition includes a quaternary ammonium salt detergent and optionally an oxygen-containing detergent, and wherein the active metal compound is in the form of a colloidal dispersion, comprising an organic phase, particles of an iron compound in its amorphous form, and at least one amphiphilic agent. These compositions can be used in fuels to provide improved engine performance by, for example, reducing fuel injector fouling in the engine and/or by improving the regeneration of the engine's particulate exhaust trap.

Abstract: Compositions that include a detergent composition and an active metal compound are described wherein the detergent composition includes a quaternary ammonium salt detergent and optionally an oxygen-containing detergent, and wherein the active metal compound is in the form of a colloidal dispersion, comprising an organic phase, particles of an iron compound in its amorphous form, and at least one amphiphilic agent. These compositions can be used in fuels to provide improved engine performance by, for example, reducing fuel injector fouling in the engine and/or by improving the regeneration of the engine's particulate exhaust trap.

Abstract: A composition comprises a sulphur free reaction product of: (a)(i) a hydrocarbyl substituted aromatic compound containing an acidic group selected from the group consisting of a carboxylic group, a hydroxyl group and mixtures thereof and (a)(ii) an organic nitrogen-containing base reacted with acidic group. The composition is obtained by a preparatory process and is useful in a method for lubricating an internal combustion engine to include where the lubricant has reduced levels of sulphur, phosphorus and sulphated ash.

Abstract: A fuel additive composition includes a reaction product of a succinic acylating agent and a polyamine having at least one condensable primary amine group where the reaction product has a ratio of the imide to amide infrared carbonyl absorption peak areas of about 1:0.0-0.6 and a water content of about 0.3% or less by weight. The succinic acylating agent is prepared by thermal condensation of a highly reactive polyolefin with maleic anhydride or a reactive equivalent thereof. This fuel additive composition has a low chlorine content and is very effective in fuel compositions that include a normally liquid fuel in reducing deposits in the fuel intake system of an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: The invention relates to the design of a fixed-blade assembly in an axial flow steam turbine and is based on the recognition that the design of the interfacing region (fillets) between the radial ends of the blades and the end-blocks to which they are attached or of which they form a part has a significant effect on stage efficiency. The invention recognizes an optimum fillet radius in the range 0.15-0.3 of the throat dimension between the trailing edge of one blade and the suction surface of an adjacent blade, and more particularly 0.20-0.50. The fillet configuration is advantageously applied to a turbine having blades which are of constant cross-section, are curved in the radial (height) direction and are convex from root to tip on its pressure face, the result being a considerable gain in stage efficiency.

Abstract: A photographic film clip having gripping jaws (3,5) adapted to provide a soft gripping surface arranged to hold an article between the jaws of the clip without damage to the article. The clip has a metal body (1) with operating springs (2). The jaws are covered with a soft material (6) such as silicon rubber.

Abstract: The invention relates to the design of (particularly) a fixed blade in an axial flow steam turbine. A conventional blade is of prismatic form with an aerofoil cross-section and extends radially between annular end blocks. The inventive blade is curved in the radial (height) direction, being convex from root to tip on its pressure face. The setting angle relative to the corresponding prismatic blade is therefore fine at the root and tip and coarse at the blade mid-height. The throat opening is thus reduced at root and tip and increased at mid-height so displacing some mass flow away from both lossy end wall regions. A considerable gain in the stage efficiency results. A further improvement results from providing an optimum corner fillet between the blades and end walls at the root and tip.