Abstract: A system for allowing animals to self administer drugs via intranasal absorption. The system comprises an aerosol dispersing apparatus (1) connected to a source of pressurized air (5) for ejecting a pharmaceutical composition contained in a reservoir (8) out of the aerosol dispersing apparatus nozzle head (3) and into a sensing chamber (12) when a sensor (16) detects the presence of an animal in the sensing chamber (12). The system can be used to study the addictiveness of new drugs as well as providing a model system for small animals, such as the mouse, to studying behavioral and physiological responses to addictive drugs.

Abstract: The use of NMDA receptor antagonists or their physiologically compatible salts for preventing the development of tolerance during the long-term treatment with benzodiazepine-receptor-binding active ingredients as well as the combination of new pharmaceutical agents with benzodiazepine-receptor-binding active ingredients is described.

Abstract: The use of the non-NMDA receptor antagonists quisqualate or kainate antagonists or their physiologically compatible salts for treatment of withdrawal symptoms after drug abuse as well as the combination of the new pharmaceutical agents with NMDA antagonists are described.

Abstract: Hetaryloxy-.beta.-carbolines of formula I ##STR1## in which R.sup.A means a benzocondensed hetaryl radical with 1-2 nitrogen atoms optionally substituted with halogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylthio, trifluoromethyl or SO.sub.2 --R.sup.1 or a 5- or 6-membered hetaryl radical with 1-2 nitrogen atoms substituted with halogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkylthio, trifluoromethyl or SO.sub.2 --R.sup.1 are useful pharmaceutical agents.

Abstract: N-hetaryl imidazole derivatives of general Formula I ##STR1##are disclosed in whichHet represents an optionally substituted monocyclic or bicyclic heteroaromate,R.sup.3 represents hydrogen, a straight or branched C.sub.1-6 -alkyl group, or a C.sub.1-6 -alkoxy-alkyl group, andR.sup.4 represents --COOR.sup.5 --CONR.sup.6 R.sup.7 --CN, ##STR2##with R.sup.5 meaning hydrogen, a straight or branched C.sub.1-6 -alkyl group, R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 are the same of different and represent hydrogen or a straight, branched, or cyclic alkyl group with up to 7 carbon atoms or, together with the nitrogen atom, form a saturated five or six ring optionally containing another heteroatom and R.sup.8 means hydrogen or a straight, branched or cyclic alkyl group with up to 7 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Imidazole derivatives of general formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents hydrogen or halogen in the o-, m- or p-position, and the halogen can occur once or repeatedly in the phenyl radical,R.sup.4 represents ##STR2## with R.sup.6 and R.sup.9 representing hydrogen or a straight or branched alkyl group with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 are the same or different and represent hydrogen or a straight or branched alkyl group with 1 to 6 carbon atoms or R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 together with the nitrogen atom represent a saturated heterocyclic five-membered or six-membered ring optionally containing another heteroatom, andR.sup.5 represents hydrogen, an alkyl group with 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an alkoxyalkyl group with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, which are suitable as psychopharmaceuticals, are described.

Abstract: Phenoxy-substituted beta-carbolines of the formula I ##STR1## X is COOR.sup.3, CONHC.sub.1-3 -alkyl or oxadiazolyl of the formula ##STR2## R.sup.2 is H, lower alkyl or cycloalkyl, R.sup.3 is lower alkyl,R.sup.4 is hydrogen, lower alkyl or lower alkoxyalkyl,R.sup.1 is hydrogen, halogen, lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, acyl, phenyl, C.sub.2-5 alkylenedioxy, trifluoromethyl, nitrilo, nitro, lower alkoxycarbonyl, azido, SO.sub.2 R.sup.6, SO.sub.2 NR.sup.7 R.sup.8, or NR.sup.9 R.sup.10,R.sup.6 is lower alkyl,R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 independently are lower alkyl or together with the nitrogen atom form a hetero ring,R.sup.9 and R.sup.10 independently are hydrogen, lower alkyl, acyl or together with the nitrogen atom form a hetero ring system,with the proviso that X is not COOEt, if ##STR3## is 5-phenoxy and R.sup.4 is methyl or ##STR4## is 6-(4-methoxyphenoxy) and R.sup.4 is methoxymethyl have valuable pharmacological properties.

Abstract: .beta.-Carbolines of general Formula I ##STR1## wherein Y represents the residue ##STR2## and R.sup.a and R.sup.b, being identical or different, mean respectively hydrogen, C.sub.1-6 -alkoxy, phenyl, C.sub.3-7 -cyclo-alkyl, optionally substituted C.sub.1-6 -alkyl or C.sub.1-6 -alkoxycarbonyl, and R.sup.c and R.sup.d, being identical or different, mean respectively hydrogen or C.sub.1-6 -alkyl or jointly a linkage, andR.sup.4 is hydrogen, C.sub.1-6 -alkyl or C.sub.1-6 -alkoxy-C.sub.1-6 -alkyl andR.sup.5 is hydrogen, halogen, OR.sup.6, NR.sup.7 R.sup.8 or CH R.sup.9 R.sup.10 wherein R.sup.6 means C.sub.1-6 -alkyl, C.sub.3-7 -cycloalkyl or an optionally substituted aralkyl, aryl or hetaryl residue, R.sup.7 and R.sup.8, being identical or different, represent hydrogen, C.sub.1-6 -alkyl, C.sub.3-6 -alkenyl, or jointly with the nitrogen atom a saturated heterocyclic five- or six-membered ring which optionally contains a further hetero atom, R.sup.9 means hydrogen or C.sub.1-6 -alkyl, R.sup.10 means hydrogen, C.sub.

Abstract: Heteroaryloxy-.beta.-carboline derivatives of general Formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is an optionally substituted heteroaryl residue,R.sup.2 is hydrogen, lower alkyl or lower alkoxyalkyl,X is a COOR.sup.3 -group wherein R.sup.3 means H or lower alkyl, or represents a CONR.sup.4 R.sup.5 -group wherein R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 mean respectively hydrogen or lower alkyl, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 being capable of forming, together with the nitrogen atom, a 5- to 6-membered heterocycle, or means an oxadiazolyl residue of the formula ##STR2## wherein R.sup.6 means hydrogen, lower alkyl or cycloalkyl, are valuable pharmaceuticals.

Abstract: 5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-beta-carbolines derivatives of formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is an oxadiazolyl radical of the formula ##STR2## COOR.sup.3 or CONR.sup.4 R.sup.5, R.sup.2 is H, lower alkyl or cycloalkyl,R.sup.3 is H or lower alkyl,R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are H or lower alkyl, whereby R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 cannot be hydrogen at the same time, or R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 together with the adjacent nitrogen atom form a 5- or 6-member ring, which additionally can contain a heteroatom, andR.sup.A is hydrogen, .dbd.O, cycloalkyl, --COOR.sup.3 with R.sup.3 having the above-mentioned meanings, or lower alkyl, which optionally can be substituted by OH, halogen, lower alkoxy, phenyl, phenyloxy, --NR.sup.4 R.sup.5, whereby R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 have the above-mentioned meanings, and R.sup.B can be hydrogen, lower alkyl or lower alkoxyalkyl,have valuable pharmacological properties.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I ##STR1## wherein X is COOR.sup.3 or an oxadiazolyl radical of the formula orR.sup.2 is H, lower alkyl or cycloalkyl,R.sup.3 is lower alkyl,R.sup.4 is hydrogen, lower alkyl or lower alkoxyalkyl,R.sup.A is -CHR.sup.1 -Z-R.sup.5,Z is sulfur or oxygen,R.sup.1 is lower alkyl or optionally substituted phenyl, and R.sup.5 is hydrogen, phenyl or optionally substituted lower alkyl,and wherein each compound can contain 1 or 2 R.sup.A radicals have valuable pharmacological properties.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I ##STR1## wherein n is 0 or 1,R.sup.1 is hydrogen or lower alkyl,R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 each independently is hydrogen, optionally substituted lower alkyl, acyl or aryl, or together with the nitrogen atom form a 5-6-member heterocycle,R.sup.4 is hydrogen, lower alkyl or lower alkoxyalkyl andX is COOR.sup.6, CO--NR.sup.7 R.sup.8, or an oxadiazolyl radical of the formula ##STR2## wherein R.sup.5 is H, lower alkyl or cycloalkyl,R.sup.6 is H or lower alkyl,R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 each independently is hydrogen, optionally substituted lower alkyl, acyl or aryl, orR.sup.7 and R.sup.8 together with the nitrogen atom can form a 5-6-member heterocycle,are valuable drugs, e.g., have psychotropic activity.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I ##STR1## wherein n is 0 or 1,R.sup.1 is hydrogen or lower alkyl,R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 each independently is hydrogen, optionally substituted lower alkyl, acyl or aryl, or together with the nitrogen atom form a 5-6-member heterocycle,R.sup.4 is hydrogen, lower alkyl or lower alkoxyalkyl andX is COOR.sup.6, CO--NR.sup.7 R.sup.8, or an oxadiazolyl radical of the formula ##STR2## wherein R.sup.5 is H, lower alkyl or cycloalkyl,R.sup.6 is H or lower alkyl,R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 each independently is hydrogen, optionally substituted lower alkyl, acyl or aryl, orR.sup.7 and R.sup.8 together with the nitrogen atom can form a 5-6-member heterocycle,are valuable drugs, e.g., have psychotropic activity.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is hydrogen or a protecting group,R.sup.2 is --CH.dbd.CR.sub.2.sup.4 or --C.tbd.CR.sup.4,R.sup.4 is hydrogen or halogen,R.sup.3 is hydrogen, lower alkyl or lower alkoxyalkyl,R.sup.A is, inter alia, hydrogen, OR.sup.7, lower alkyl, which optionally is substituted with aryl, lower alkoxy or NR5R6,R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 can be the same or different and in each case is hydrogen, lower alkyl or together with the nitrogen atom a 5-6 member ring, which can contain another heteroatom,R.sup.7 is lower alkyl, optionally substituted aryl or aralkyl, andeach compound can contain one or more R.sup.A radicals which are not hydrogen, have valuable pharmacological properties.