Abstract: Pressure-rupturable, oil-containing microcapsules are produced by admixing a water-immiscible, oily material containing an oil-soluble, cross-linking agent, which is either a polyfunctional isocyanate or an orthoester of a group IV element with an aqueous solution of an emulsifying agent comprising starch having ether-linked aralkyl groups, to cross-link the emulsifier and form a capsule wall at the oil/water interface of the resulting oil-in-water emulsion around the oil droplets. The emulsifying agent is the sole co-reactant for the oil-soluble cross-linking agent.

Abstract: Microspheric opacifying agents are provided by admixing an aqueous, partially condensed, aldehyde condensation product with an oily material containing an emulsifying agent thereby forming a water-in-oil emulsion, admixing an amphiphilic acid catalyst with the emulsion and polymerizing the condensation product to form discrete, substantially spherical, opaque, solid particles. Additionally, the solid particles may be separated from the oily continuous phase and admixed with water for the further removal of oily material, and thereby causing the formation of spherical agglomerates or "super particles" having a substantially greater opacity than the aforesaid discrete particles. The super particles are hollow, substantially spherical particles having substantially spherical, discontinuous walls composed of agglomerated substantially spherical particles.

Abstract: Pressure-sensitive microcapsules containing a solvent composition for use in carbonless copy systems for use in the absence of a halogenated solvent consisting essentially of a combination of a mono-alkyl naphthalene, wherein said alkyl group contains from 1 to 3 carbon atoms per molecule and a di-alkyl naphthalene, wherein each of said alkyl groups in said di-alkyl naphthalene contains from 2 to 4 carbon atoms per molecule, said mono-alkyl naphthalene being present in an amount between about 25 and about 40 percent by weight of the alkylated naphthalenes present in the solvent, and an isocyanate cross-linking agent.

Abstract: A chromogenic compound having the structural formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each represent an alkyl group;R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 each represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, a nitro group, an amino group, an acyl group, or a carboalkoxy group;R.sup.5 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, with the proviso that R.sup.5 represents an alkyl group only when R.sup.4 represents a hydrogen atom;R.sup.6 represents an alkyl group, an aryl group or an aralkyl group; andX and Y each represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a nitro group, a lower alkyl group, an aryl group, an alkoxy group or a carboalkoxy group.The aforesaid compound may be provided in a pressure-sensitive copy system wherein a visible image is formed upon reaction of the above chromogenic compound with an electron-accepting material of the Lewis acid type.

Abstract: Opaque release sheet bearing a coating on one side thereof comprising a primary release agent in the form of air-containing microcapsular opacifiers in combination with a minor amount of a secondary release agent, such as a silicone polyglycol copolymer, a methoxysilane, polyethylene, a metal complex or the like, and the opposite side coated with a tacky, pressure-sensitive adhesive. A laminate comprising a substrate carrying a layer of said adhesive adjacent a layer comprising the aforesaid release composition.

Abstract: Microcapsules having an average diameter below 5 microns and containing a flame retardant material are incorporated into polymeric materials, such as polyurethane foams without affecting the structural integrity of the cell walls of the foam. The capsules are chemically bonded to the foam, as well as physically incorporated therein by employing polyhydroxy polymer-containing capsule wall materials which react with the isocyanate used in the polyurethane.

Abstract: Discrete, substantially spherical microcapsules having a solid polymeric shell and a solid, non-tacky polymeric core, which is grafted to the polymeric shell, are provided. Such microcapsules may be coated onto cellulosic substrates or incorporated into such substrates and subsequently fused to provide cellulosic substrates having a polymeric film bonded thereto and increased strength, respectively. The grafting of the normally nonadherent core material to the shell of the microcapsules provides a means of forming a bond between a normally nonadherent polymer and a cellulosic material. The microcapsules may be effectively employed as load-bearing agents and opacifying agents.

Abstract: A substantially colorless bisfluoran chromogenic material having the structural formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each represent an alkyl group;X and Y each represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an hydroxyl group, an alkyl group, a nitro group, an amino group, an acyl group, or a carboalkoxy group;Z represents an oxy radical, a carbonyl group, an alkylene group, an alkylidene group, a sulfonyl group, or a thio radical; andn represents an integer from 0 to 1.The bisfluoran compounds are produced by reacting a 4-dialkylamino-2-hydroxy-2'-carboxybenzophenone with a diphenol wherein the diphenol is unsubstituted in at least one of the positions ortho to an hydroxyl group in each of the phenyl rings. The bisfluorans are used in pressure-sensitive copy systems comprising a support bearing microcapsules containing the bisfluorans, alone, or in combination with other color-forming materials.

Abstract: A chromogenic compound having the structural formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each represent an alkyl group;R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 each represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, a nitro group, an amino group, an acyl group, or a carboalkoxy group;R.sup.5 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, with the proviso that R.sup.5 represents an alkyl group only when R.sup.4 represents a hydrogen atom;R.sup.6 represents an alkyl group, an aryl group or an aralkyl group; andX and Y each represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a nitro group, a lower alkyl group, an aryl group, an alkoxy group or a carboalkoxy group.The aforesaid compound may be provided in a pressure-sensitive copy system wherein a visible image is formed upon reaction of the above chromogenic compound with an electron-accepting material of the Lewis acid type.

Abstract: Microspheric opacifying agents are provided by admixing an aqueous, partially condensed, aldehyde condensation product with an oily material containing an emulsifying agent thereby forming a water-in-oil emulsion, admixing an amphiphilic acid catalyst with the emulsion and polymerizing the condensation product to form discrete, substantially spherical, opaque, solid particles. Additionally, the solid particles may be separated from the oily continuous phase and admixed with water for the further removal of oil material, and thereby causing the formation of spherical agglomerates or "super particles" having a substantially greater opacity than the aforesaid discrete particles. The super particles are hollow, substantially spherical particles having substantially spherical, discontinuous walls composed of agglomerated substantially spherical particles.

Abstract: Opaque release sheet comprising a base having a coating comprising a primary release agent in the form of air-containing microcapsular opacifiers which may be used in combination with a minor amount of a secondary release agent, such as silicone-poly-glycol copolymer, a methoxysilane, polyethylene, a metal complex or the like, provide opaque, lightweight, dimensionally stable release sheets.

Abstract: A solvent composition for use in carbonless copy systems consisting essentially of a combination of a mono-alkyl naphthalene, wherein said alkyl group contains from 1 to 3 carbon atoms per molecule and a di-alkyl naphthalene, wherein each of said alkyl groups in said di-alkyl naphthalene contains from 2 to 4 carbon atoms per molecule. The solvent is used in the production of microcapsules wherein an isocyanate cross-linking agent is dissolved in the solvent.

Abstract: A laminated game racket frame having a closed hoop-shaped inner frame and an outer frame with the outer part of the inner frame integrally bonded to the inner part of the outer frame to form a unitized body, each frame being formed as a laminate comprised of a plurality of strips. Some of these strips are made of wood, thermoplastic resin or metal, and some are made as laminates themselves from plies of reinforced thermosetting resins.

Abstract: Opacifying agents, which may be coated onto or incorporated into paper sheets, consisting essentially of spherical aldehyde condensation polymeric super-particles, each having a spherical, discontinuous shell surrounding a spherical hollow core, said shell composed of agglomerated, discrete spherical aldehyde condensation polymeric secondary particles which are solid throughout. The opacifying agents are incorporated into paper sheets by admixing cellulosic fibers with the super-particles.

Abstract: A substantially colorless bisfluoran chromogenic material having the structural formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each represent an alkyl group;X and Y each represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an hydroxyl group, an alkyl group, a nitro group, an amino group, an acyl group, or a carboalkoxy group;Z represents an oxy radical, a carbonyl group, an alkylene group, an alkylidene group, a sulfonyl group, or a thio radical; andn represents an integer from 0 to 1.The bisfluoran compounds are produced by reacting a 4-dialkylamino-2-hydroxy-2'-carboxybenzophenone with a diphenol wherein the diphenol is unsubstituted in at least one of the positions ortho to an hydroxyl group in each of the phenyl rings. The bisfluorans are used in pressure-sensitive copy systems comprising a support bearing microcapsules containing the bisfluorans, alone, or in combination with other color-forming materials.

Abstract: A method for drying and recovering polyethylene waste material is disclosed. In the preferred procedure, the raw waste material is defiberized, dried in a novel manner, and then pelletized into the finished product which is suitable for plastic processing. The drying process for the waste material provides for temperature control of heated air at specific places.

Abstract: Microcapsules having an average diameter below 5 microns and containing a flame retardant material are incorporated into polymeric materials, such as polyurethane foams without affecting the structural integrity of the cell walls of the foam. The capsules are chemically bonded to the foam, as well as physically incorporated therein by employing polyhydroxy polymer-containing capsule wall materials which react with the isocyanate used in the polyurethane. The minute capsules are incorporated into paint to give increased hiding power as well as flame resistance, and are co-extruded into filaments.

Abstract: A substantially colorless dilactone chromogenic material having the structural formula ##SPC1##And ##SPC2##WhereinR represents an alkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, an acyl group or an aroyl group; andX represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group or a nitro group.The dilactone compounds are produced from precursor compounds that are formed by reacting pyromellitic dianhydride with a resorcinol having at least the fourth or the sixth position unsubstituted, in the presence of a dehydrating agent to form xanthyl derivatives of isophthalic and terephthalic acid. These precursors are then further reacted to form the dilactones. The dilactones are used in pressure-sensitive copy systems comprising a support bearing microcapsules containing the dilactones, alone, or in combination with other chromogenic materials.