Abstract: A polyamine having the formula: H2N—A[NR—B]aNH2 or salt thereof, wherein A and B, which may be the same or different, are selected from aliphatic or aromatic substituents provided that at least four carbon atoms separate any two nitrogen groups, R is an aliphatic or aromatic group, and a is 2 to 5. In addition, a polymer having the formula: or salt thereof, wherein A, B and Q, which may be the same or different, are selected from aliphatic or aromatic substituents provided that at least four carbon atoms separate any two nitrogen groups, R is an aliphatic or aromatic group, a is greater than 1 to about 5, and n is 3 to about 1,000. The polymers are useful for improving acid-dyeability of polymer compositions, fibers, fabrics, films and other articles.

Abstract: An acid-dyeable polymer composition comprising (a) polymer and (b) polymeric additive comprising repeating units having the formula: or salts thereof, wherein A, B and Q, which may be the same or different, are selected from aliphatic or aromatic substituents provided that at least four carbon atoms separate any two nitrogen groups, R is an aliphatic or aromatic group, a is 1 to 5, and n is 3 to about 1,000. In addition, an acid-dyed composition prepared from the composition, a process of acid dyeing the composition and a process for preparing the composition.

Abstract: A polyamine having the formula: H2N—A[NR—B]aNH2 or salt thereof, wherein A and B, which may be the same or different, are selected from aliphatic or aromatic substituents provided that at least four carbon atoms separate any two nitrogen groups, R is an aliphatic or aromatic group, and a is 2 to 5. In addition, a polymer having the formula: or salt thereof, wherein A, B and Q, which may be the same or different, are selected from aliphatic or aromatic substituents provided that at least four carbon atoms separate any two nitrogen groups, R is an aliphatic or aromatic group, a is greater than 1 to about 5, and n is 3 to about 1,000. The polymers are useful for improving acid-dyeability of polymer compositions, fibers, fabrics, films and other articles.

Abstract: A polyamine having the formula:

Abstract: An acid-dyeable polymer composition comprising (a) polymer and (b) polymeric additive comprising repeating units having the formula: 1

Abstract: A polyamine having the formula:

Abstract: A process is disclosed for rendering shaped aramid and polybenzimidazole articles water repellent by grafting fluorinated compounds to the surface of the articles. The resulting grafted polymer and shaped articles made from the grafted polymer are also disclosed.

Abstract: 1-[2,2-bis(trifluoromethyl)-3,3,4,4,5,5,5-heptafluoropentyl]-3,5-diaminoben zene and 1-[2,2-bis(trifluoromethyl)-3,3,4,4,5,5,5-heptafluoropentyl]-4-aminobenzen e, as well as fluorinated polymers, preferably polyimides. The perfuuoroalkyl group of these amines is connected to the benzene ring through a tertiary carbon atom followed by a methylene group. This renders the amines more reactive than other amines, where the perfluoroalkyl group is connected directly to the benzene ring. The absence of hydrogen from the group containing the tertiary carbon atom which is adjacent to the perfluorinated groups, prohibits dehydrofluorination.

Abstract: Liquid Crystal Display Devices having alignment layers of polyimides which are characterized by pendant perfluorinated chains, preferably linear, and having more than 6 perfluorinated carbon atoms. These alignment layers are capable to provide the Liquid Crystal Display Devices with stable tilt angles of 5 or more degrees.

Abstract: A class of organosilanes of the general formula ##STR1## wherein Ar is a divalent aromatic radical; R.sub.f is a defined fluoroalkyl or perfluoroalkyl ether group; X is methyl, R.sub.f Ar as defined above, a halogen other than fluorine, or an alkoxy group; and each one of Y and Z is a halogen other than fluorine or an alkoxy group. These organosilanes are very useful as precursors to polysiloxane coupling agents for bonding fluoropolymers to glass fibers which can withstand the usual fluoropolymer melt-processing temperatures without decomposition.

Abstract: Perfluoroalkylated diaminoesitylene and polymers, preferably polyimides, made therefrom. The necessarily obtainable meta-substitution position of the perfluoroalkyl group with respect to both amino-groups provides an improved diamine and compositions of matter resulting therefrom.

Abstract: 1-[2,2-bis(trifluoromethyl)-3,3,4,4,5,5,5-heptafluoropentyl]-3,5-diaminoben zene and 1-[2,2-bis(trifluoromethyl)-3,3,4,4,5,5,5-heptafluoropentyl]-4-aminobenzen e, as well as fluorinated polymers, preferably polyimides. The perfluoroalkyl group of these amines is connected to the benzene ring through a tertiary carbon atom followed by a methylene group. This renders the amines more reactive than other amines, where the perfluoroalkyl group is connected directly to the benzene ring. The absence of hydrogen from the group containing the tertiary carbon atom which is adjacent to the perfluorinated groups, prohibits dehydrofluorination.

Abstract: A method of preparing 2-bromo-4,6-dinitromesitylene having only small amounts of impurities, by first mixing fuming sulfuric acid with bromomesitylene, and then adding concentrated nitric acid.

Abstract: Iron sulfate supported on alumina or silica alumina and cobalt sulfate supported on alumina are catalysts used for olefin oligomerization. These new catalysts allow olefin oligomerizations to be carried out at lower temperatures than many other known catalysts. The reaction is normally carried out under sufficient pressure to keep the olefin present as a liquid. In addition, the catalysts provide excellent selectivity for the formation of lower olefins and require no water to maintain activity, thereby leading to increased productivity by avoiding problems of polymerization, coking and reactor plugging.

Abstract: A method of removing water from activated carbon is disclosed. Briefly, the method comprises (a) passing liquid 1,2-dichloroethane through a bed of activated carbon until a bulk water phase ceases to exit the bed or until from about 60 to about 80 weight percent of the water present in a water-saturated bed has been removed and (b) passing vapor phase 1,2-dichloroethane through the bed of activated carbon to remove substantially all of the remaining water.

Abstract: Cyclohexanol is first autoxidized to a peroxide intermediate and then contacted with selenium dioxide catalyst and a base to afford .epsilon.-caprolactone.

Abstract: This invention is concerned with a continuous process for separating higher boiling, heat sensitive components from a liquid product stream. It involves a rapid evaporation of the desired product of the stream in an evaporator which minimizes residence time, such as a falling film evaporator, and feeding the vapors and the remainder of the stream to a separation column where the vaporized products rise in the column. Part of the vaporized products are removed after condensation and then recycled back to the column as a reflux. This reflux after contacting one or more trays is collected and recycled to the evaporator and mixed with the product feed being treated. The liquid remainder of the feed stream is collected at the bottom of the column. The bottom of the column can be kept at a temperature which minimizes any breakdown of the heat sensitive components present therein and, if desired, the bottoms in the column can be quickly withdrawn for treatment elsewhere or for recycling back to the process.

Abstract: Cyclic ketones can be oxidized in high yields to the corresponding cyclic esters with hydrogen peroxide, selenium dioxide catalyst and a base. By-products are held to a minimum.