Abstract: A valve actuation system comprises a first arm having a first arm contact surface and operatively connected to a valve actuation motion. A second arm having a second arm contact surface is operatively connected to the at least one engine valve. A discrete lost motion device is provided that is controllable between a first, motion conveying state and a second, motion absorbing state. The discrete lost motion devices comprises a plunger contact surface and a housing contact surface. The housing contact surface is configured to engage one of the first or second arm contact surfaces, and the plunger contact surface is configured to engage another of the first and the second arm contact surfaces. The first and second arm contact surfaces, the housing contact surface and the first plunger contact surface are configured to support the discrete lost motion device between the first arm and the second arm.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a stabilized anhydrous monocalcium phosphate (MCPA) leavening composition comprising or consisting essentially of MCPA and a non-aluminum stabilizer. Whereas current commercial MCPA leavening compositions are stabilized by the addition of aluminum pyrophosphates, in certain aspects, the stabilized MCPA of this disclosure meets the European standard for allowable aluminum content in food products.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods are disclosed having application for use in data processing systems which include a plurality of data processing devices ("agents") coupled to a communication network and at least one system software resource. The system software resource may comprise a floppy disk drive, hard disk drive, magnetic tape, optical storage device or other data storage device. All programs, data and the like accessible to the system software resource are indexed and "clustered", such that the data/programs are grouped as they relate to one another to assure full functionality of the software being loaded. In the event that the desired program/data to be accessed by an agent is not stored in the system software resource, the method of the present invention includes the steps of suspending any further data processing operations by the agent. The system software resource, by scanning through the index of all available data/programs accessible to the system software resource.