Abstract: This invention relates to a two stage aqueous emulsion polymerization process for making graft copolymers. In the first stage, at least one first ethylenically unsaturated monomer is polymerized in the presence of at least one mercapto-olefin compound to form a macromonomer with terminal functional groups. In the second stage, at least one second ethylenically unsaturated monomer is polymerized in the presence of the macromonomer such that a copolymer is formed with a backbone of polymerized units of the at least one second ethylenically unsaturated monomer and side chains of the macromonomer.

Abstract: This invention relates to a two stage aqueous emulsion polymerization process for making graft copolymers. In the first stage, at least one first ethylenically unsaturated monomer is polymerized in the presence of at least one mercapto-olefin compound to form a macromonomer with terminal functional groups. In the second stage, at least one second ethylenically unsaturated monomer is polymerized in the presence of the macromonomer such that a copolymer is formed with a backbone of polymerized units of the at least one second ethylenically unsaturated monomer and side chains of the macromonomer.

Abstract: S-substituted beta-thioacrylamide compounds have been discovered to be useful as biocides and fungicides. Compositions comprising the compound and isothiazolin-3-ones and/or carriers, methods of preparation of the compounds and methods of using the compounds and compositions are also disclosed.

Abstract: S-beta-dicarbonyl substituted beta-thioacrylamide compounds have been discovered to be useful as biocides and fungicides. Compositions comprising the compound and isothiazolin-3-ones and/or carries, methods of preparation of the compounds and methods of using the compounds and compositions are also disclosed.

Abstract: S-substituted beta-thioacrylamide compounds have been discovered to be useful as biocides and fungicides. Compositions comprising the compound and isothiazolin-3-ones and/or carriers, methods of preparation of the compounds and methods of using the compounds and compositions are also disclosed.

Abstract: Non-aqueous solutions of 3-isothiazolones are stabilized against chemical decomposition by using organic hydroxylic solvents. These compositions exhibit bactericidal, fungicidal and algaecidal properties.

Abstract: Detergent compositions include water soluble polymers which serve as builders, lime soap dispersants, and antiredeposition agents. The water soluble polymers, which fall into two structural classes, are especially useful in commerical heavy duty liquid detergent compositions, with which they are compatible in effective amounts. The water soluble polymers enhance several detergent properties such as antiredeposition and lime soap dispersants without a concomittant loss in other detergent composition characteristics. Further, the polymers are compatible with enzyme containing liquid detergents. In the first structural class surfactant radicals are distributed along the polymer chain, which also includes pendent carboxyl and/or carboxylate salt radicals. In the second structural class the polymers are terminated by a surfactant radical.

Abstract: A process for stabilizing aqueous systems containing scale forming salts and inorganic particulates by adding to such systems an effective amount of selected low molecular weight water soluble polymers containing from about 10 to about 84 weight percent (meth)acrylic acid units, greater than 11 to less than about 40 weight percent acrylamido alkyl or aryl sulfonate units and from at least about 5 to about 50 weight percent of one or more units selected from vinyl esters, vinyl acetate and substituted acrylamides, is provided. The terpolymers and interpolymers used in the process provide improved phosphate, iron and zinc stabilization while maintaining their water solubility. Certain preferred polymers also exhibit a high degree of hydrolytic stability at high pH conditions.

Abstract: An improved article of a membrane permeable to water and impermeable to microbiocidal compounds containing therein a solid particulate microbiocidal composition which is useful in aqueous systems, wherein the composition is produced from aqueous solutions of a water-soluble microbiocidal compound absorbed in an inert, finely-divided water-insoluble solid carrier. Especially useful are microbiocidal 3-isothiazolones and 2-substituted-1,2-benzisothiazolones, and metal salt stabilized derivatives thereof, absorbed into a silicaceous diatomaceous earth in a sealed, perforated membrane, for example, a perforated bag, produced from polyethylene. These articles afford a form, which is safer for handling.

Abstract: An improved article of a membrane permeable to water and impermeable to microbiocidal compounds containing therein a solid particulate microbiocidal composition which is useful in aqueous systems, wherein the composition is produced from aqueous solutions of a water-soluble microbiocidal compound absorbed in an inert, finely-divided water-insoluble solid carrier. Especially useful are microbiocidal 3-isothiazolones and 2-substituted-1,2-benzisothiazolones, and metal salt stabilized derivatives thereof, absorbed into a silicaceous diatomaceous earth in a sealed, perforated membrane, for example, a perforated bag, produced from polyethylene. These articles afford a form, which is safer for handling.

Abstract: There is disclosed as an article a water-permeable membrane containing sealed therein a solid particulate microbiocidal composition which is useful in aqueous systems, wherein the composition is produced from a microbiocidal compound having relatively low water solubility or a combination thereof with other microbiocidal compounds having relatively high water solubility to give a combination generally characterized by low water solubility in admixture with an inert, finely-divided water-insoluble solid carrier material. Especially useful are microbiocidal 3-isothiazolones and 2-substituted-1,2-benzisothiazolones having relatively low water solubility, and metal salt stabilized derivatives thereof, admixed with silicaceous diatomaceous earth. These articles afford protracted controlled release of active ingredient and also afford a safer form of the active ingredient heretofore known to be relatively irritating to the skin of man when at high concentration in aqueous solution.

Abstract: Two stage film-forming polymers having a soft first and a hard second stage are prepared by emulsion polymerizing the first stage and then, in the presence of a coalescent, the second stage. The polymers combine low MFT with superior early block resistance and high temperature hardness.

Abstract: Anion exchange resins produced by reacting a stabilized polychloromethylstyrene polymer bead with a polyamine containing at least two tertiary amine groups of which at least one is a terminal group, and processes for producing the resins in uniform sizes.

Abstract: Polymer beads of uniform size are prepared by (a) forming linear polymer beads of a vinyl aromatic polymer containing about 0.8-2.0 chloromethyl groups per aromatic nucleus, (b) removing off-sizes from the linear polymer beads to leave beads of a desired size, (c) recycling the off-sizes into the formation of the linear polymer beads, as required to obtain higher counts of uniform beads, and (d) lightly crosslinking the desired size beads by a thermal treatment to stabilize the beads. Strong base anion exchange resins are produced from the lightly crosslinked beads by swelling the beads in an organic solvent, post-crosslinking the swollen beads with a Friedel-Crafts catalyst, and aminating the post-crosslinked beads. Suitable starting monomers are vinylbenzyl chloride, bis(chloromethyl)styrene and vinyltoluene.

Abstract: Anion exchange resins produced by reacting a stabilized polychloromethylstyrene polymer bead with a polyamine containing at least two tertiary amine groups of which at least one is a terminal group, and processes for producing the resins in uniform sizes.

Abstract: Sulfone-crosslinked polystyrene cation and anion exchange resins having high solids content when saturated with water are disclosed together with a method of forming increased amounts of sulfone crosslinks using a sulfonating agent or mixture thereof preferably in combination with a boron compound.

Abstract: Non-aqueous solutions of 3-isothiazolones are stabilized against chemical decomposition by using organic hydroxylic solvents. These compositions exhibit bactericidal, fungicidal and algaecidal properties.