Abstract: The present invention is for an acidic cleaning composition which has excellent cleaning performance, low toxicity and good antimicrobial efficacy. The inventive acidic cleaning compositions are capable of sanitizing or disinfecting a variety of hard surfaces. The inventive acidic cleaning compositions can take a variety of forms, such as: disinfecting wipes, all-purpose disinfecting sprays, kitchen cleaners, bathroom cleaners, toilet cleaners, etc. The inventive acidic cleaning compositions have good cleaning properties and low residue.

Abstract: Underground coal gasification process containing a novel system of injection and production wells. Specifically, the injection well is positioned at an angle with respect to horizontal of less than the angle of repose of loose coal and char for the particular coal seam, and the production well is positioned at an angle with respect to horizontal of greater than the angle of repose but less than 90.degree.. This system protects the injection well during the process and places the production well in a position for maximum production while relieving it of certain tensile and shear stresses.

Abstract: Depleted zones or channels in in situ retorts that bypass unretorted zones can be plugged selectively by contacting the depleted zones in the in situ oil shale retort with an aqueous liquid, substantially free of a formation plugging amount of a solute, to increase the resistance of the depleted zone or channel to the passage of retorting gases.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and apparatus for the enhanced recovery of liquid hydrocarbons from underground formations, said method comprising recovering a mixture comprising carbon dioxide and contaminants comprising hydrocarbon, hydrogen sulfide, or mixtures thereof, from an underground formation; combusting said mixture with an oxygen enriched gas to form a concentrated carbon dioxide stream; and injecting at least a portion of said concentrated carbon dioxide stream into an underground formation to enhance recovery of liquid hydrocarbon.

Abstract: Optically active organic compounds are prepared starting from optically inactive reactants by means of an optically active agent which influences the course of the reaction. In particular optically active compounds having a "meso" type carbon atom undergo an intramolecular ring closure in the presence of an optically active agent to yield an optically active product having one additional ring. The present process is particularly useful in the preparation of optically active bicyclic diketones which are important intermediates in the total synthesis of steroids.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of 6-chloro-.alpha.-methylcarbazole-2-acetic acid from 6-chloro-.alpha.-hydroxy-.alpha.-methylcarbazole-2-acetic acid and/or 6-chloro-.alpha.-methylene-2-carboxylic acid, is described. The preparation of intermediates, such as, 6-chloro-.alpha.-hydroxy-.alpha.-methylcarbazole-2-acetic acid and lower alkyl carbazole-2-oxalate, inter alia, is also described.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of 6-chloro-.alpha.-methylcarbazole-2-acetic acid from 6-chloro-.alpha.-hydroxy-.alpha.-methylcarbazole-2-acetic acid and/or 6-chloro-.alpha.-methylene-2-carboxylic acid, is described. The preparation of intermediates, such as, 6-chloro-.alpha.-hydroxy-.alpha.-methylcarbazole-2-acetic acid and lower alkyl carbazole-2-oxalate, inter alia, is also described.

Abstract: Optically active organic compounds are prepared starting from optically inactive reactants by means of an optically active agent which influences the course of the reaction. In particular optically active compounds having a "meso" type carbon atom undergo an intramolecular ring closure in the presence of an optically active agent to yield an optically active product having one additional ring. The present process is particularly useful in the preparation of optically active bicyclic diketones which are important intermediates in the total synthesis of steroids.

Abstract: Optically active organic compounds are prepared starting from optically inactive reactants by means of an optically active agent which influences the course of the reaction. In particular optically active compounds having a "meso" type carbon atom undergo an intramolecular ring closure in the presence of an optically active agent to yield an optically active product having one additional ring. The present process is particularly useful in the preparation of optically active bicyclic diketones which are important intermediates in the total synthesis of steroids.

Abstract: A method for tracing the flow of a plurality of fluid slugs injected into a subsurface formation using a number of tracers smaller than the number of fluid slugs. Single tracers are used in a number of fluid slugs equal to the number of tracers. In the remaining injected fluid slugs, combinations of at least two of the tracers in predetermined concentration ratios are used. Recovered fluid is analyzed for the presence of each of the tracers and the ratios of the tracers indicates breakthrough of each injected slug.