Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems, and articles of manufacture to perform computer-based monitoring of audiences of network-based media using information theory to estimate intermediate level unions are disclosed. An example apparatus to determine a deduplicated, census-based audience metric of media includes panel union calculator circuitry to calculate a threshold statistic corresponding to an intermediate union of a panel hierarchy, and census union calculator circuitry to calculate a deduplicated audience value corresponding to the intermediate union of the census hierarchy based on the threshold statistic.

Abstract: Disclosed are new features relating to a brush-supported carpet cleaning machine of the type having counter-revolving brushes. Such features include a new handle mounting and latching arrangement which simplifies handle mounting and de-mounting, which helps support the weight of a handle-mounted vacuum pod and which promotes a high degree of machine self-propulsion. The pod is attached to the machine handle by a novel gudgeon-and-pintle mechanism. Such features also include a new support device, preferably brush-mounted, which helps prevent the machine shroud from snagging carpet if the machine should "wallow" or "yaw" in operation.

Abstract: An applicator for particulate carpet-cleaning compositions having a cylindrical body formed of relatively rotatable inner and outer concentric cylindrical members in 360.degree. frictional nested engagement, separately attached non-rotatably to opposite wheel members of greater diameter than the body, and having dispensing apertures in cylinder which may be closed by the other depending on relative rotational positions. The cylindrical members are relatively rotatable very easily be opposed manual rotation of the wheels to dispensing positions, a closed position, and a filling position in which major filling openings in the cylindrical members are aligned. The cylindrical members are indexed to exact relative positions for accurate dispensing, spill-free filling and air-tight closure.