Abstract: Print head health determining device, comprising: a print head interface for connecting to a print head or log server and obtaining status information with regard to the print head, a data processing device connected to the print head interface and configured to process the print head status information and determine a print head health, and an output interface connected to the data processing device and configured to output the print head health, and wherein the print head status information comprises one or more of: nozzle acoustic feedback information, information on the prior usage of expired ink, and nozzle failure detection information.

Abstract: A technique comprising: forming a plurality of smaller substrates from one or more larger substrates by a reduction process according to which there is some possible variation size between the smaller substrates within a variation range; and, in advance of said reduction process, providing said one or more larger substrates with one or more detection marks whose size and location are selected such that after the reduction process each smaller substrate includes a portion of at least one of said one or more detection marks, said portion having one or more edges that coincide with at least a part of one or more edges of the smaller substrate whatever actual size the smaller substrate has within said variation range.