Abstract: An apparatus and method for switching between different types of paging using separate control registers and without disabling paging. For example, one embodiment of a processor comprises: a first control register to store a first base address of a first paging structure associated with a first type of paging having a first number of paging structure levels; a second control register to store a second base address of a second paging structure associated with a first type of paging having a second number of paging structure levels greater than the first number of paging structure levels; page walk circuitry to select either the first base address from the first control register or the second base address from the second control register responsive to a first address translation request, the selection based on a characteristic of program code initiating the address translation request.

Abstract: A storage cap having a storage compartment, an aperture on the storage compartment, a rupturable membrane covering the aperture, and a receiving groove that engages a bottle, holds a measured amount of a powdered, granulated, or other flowable form of food or drug and provides for quickly, easily, neatly, and completely dispensing the food or drug into a typical 16 oz. to 1.5 liter water bottle. A preferred embodiment of the storage cap is filled with powdered flavor concentrate, and the aperture and the receiving groove are covered with the rupturable membrane. To dispense the powdered concentrate into a bottle, the storage cap is placed with the receiving groove facing the bottle neck lip. The storage cap is then pushed against the lip which urges the rupturable membrane into the groove. As the rupturable membrane is urged into the groove, the rupturable membrane is ruptured thus allowing the concentrate, but not the rupturable membrane, to flow into the bottle.

Abstract: An analytical chemistry apparatus and method for introducing a reagent into a flowing stream of liquid carrier in order to quantitatively analyze one or more components of a sample added into the carrier. The reagent is permeated across a short section of membrane having relatively large pores. The use of such a membrane: (a) allows the membrane to be protected from physical damage by covering it with a perforate structure; (b) significantly reduces bandspreading across the membrane reagent addition device; (c) reduces the pressure drop across the membrane reagent addition device; and (d) still allows for the permeation of an effective amount of the reagent into the carrier. The reagent is preferably pressurized to minimize leakage of carrier across the membrane and the reagent can be self-pressurized by essentially completely filling the reagent reservoir of the invention with reagent and then hermetically sealing the reservoir.