Abstract: The present invention provides useful cooking and/or heating fuel compositions which may be produced substantially from renewable resources, such as biomass, to provide green fuel compositions, methods, and systems. The fuel compositions include gases stored under pressure, liquids, and gels/gelled waxes. Gases and liquids can include dimethyl ether and one or more C2 or larger alcohols, or can include dimethyl ether and one or more C2 or larger hydrocarbons. Gels and gelled waxes can include dimethyl ether and/or one or more C1-4 alcohols and wax or a gel. Methods of making these fuel compositions, particularly from biomass-derived syngas, are also described. Various applications and methods of using the fuel compositions, such as portable cylinder fuels for camping, are disclosed. Additionally, principles of burner design for these fuel compositions are disclosed herein.

Abstract: A fuel additive composition including fatty acid alkyl esters and glyceryl ethers, and an alternative fuel composition that includes the fuel additive composition. Also provided is a method for preparing the fuel additive composition and the alternative fuel composition. In one embodiment, the fuel additive composition is prepared by esterifying free fatty acids and etherifying glycerol with one or more olefins in the presence of an acid catalyst. In one embodiment, the fuel additive composition can be thermally cracked under conditions of increased temperature and/or pressure in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst. In another embodiment, the fuel additive composition is hydrocracked. The resulting fuel additive composition can be blended with diesel fuel to produce an alternative fuel composition. In one embodiment, the alternative fuel composition includes between approximately 25 and 95 percent diesel fuel and between approximately 5 and 75 percent of the fuel additive composition.