Abstract: The ability to automate the processes of specimen collection, image acquisition, data pre-processing, computation of derived biomarkers, modeling, classification and analysis can significantly impact clinical decision-making and fundamental investigation of cell deformation. This disclosure combine 3D cell nuclear shape modeling by robust smooth surface reconstruction and extraction of shape morphometry measure into a highly parallel pipeline workflow protocol for end-to-end morphological analysis of thousands of nuclei and nucleoli in 3D. This approach allows efficient and informative evaluation of cell shapes in the imaging data and represents a reproducible technique that can be validated, modified, and repurposed by the biomedical community. This facilitates result reproducibility, collaborative method validation, and broad knowledge dissemination.

Abstract: The ability to automate the processes of specimen collection, image acquisition, data pre-processing, computation of derived biomarkers, modeling, classification and analysis can significantly impact clinical decision-making and fundamental investigation of cell deformation. This disclosure combine 3D cell nuclear shape modeling by robust smooth surface reconstruction and extraction of shape morphometry measure into a highly parallel pipeline workflow protocol for end-to-end morphological analysis of thousands of nuclei and nucleoli in 3D. This approach allows efficient and informative evaluation of cell shapes in the imaging data and represents a reproducible technique that can be validated, modified, and repurposed by the biomedical community. This facilitates result reproducibility, collaborative method validation, and broad knowledge dissemination.

Abstract: A sight assembly for mounting to a weapon. A holographic optical element and a light source are in a fixed angular configuration with respect to one another, but may be adjusted either together or individually in a horizontal or vertical direction. The sight assembly may have a mirror or lens. An adjustment mechanism is provided where a shaft includes at least two portions wherein the two portions of the shaft of the screw have different pitch directions and/or pitch dimensions allowing for slight adjustment the assembly. The light source may be a vertical-cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL). A temperature sensor may sense a temperature of the VCSEL. A current to the VCSEL may be adjusted based on a change in the temperature such that the output wavelength is approximately the same as a desired wavelength. The assembly may further allow for perceived image distance adjustment using parallax mismatch.

Abstract: A sight assembly for mounting to a weapon is provided. A holographic optical element and a light source are provided in a fixed angular configuration with respect to one another, but may be adjusted either together or individually in a horizontal or vertical direction. A mirror or lens may also be provided. An adjustment mechanism is provided where a shaft includes at least two portions wherein the two portions of the shaft of the screw have different pitch directions and/or pitch dimensions allowing for slight adjustment of the assembly. The light source is typically a vertical-cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL). The wavelength of the VCSEL is controlled by controlling the current it is given. The assembly further allows for perceived image distance adjustment using parallax mismatch. Further, a chassis is provided for holding holographic elements.

Abstract: A compact weapon sight has a housing with a base that is configured to mount to a weapon. The sight may have a holographic optical element (HOE) and a light source. The light source may be a vertical-cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) diode. The wavelength of the VCSEL may be adjusted by controlling the current drawn by the VCSEL and may include a temperature controller to keep the temperature of the light source at or above a minimum threshold temperature without using a thermoelectric cooler or a wavelength sensor.

Abstract: A sight assembly for mounting to a weapon. A holographic optical element and a light source are in a fixed angular configuration with respect to one another, but may be adjusted either together or individually in a horizontal or vertical direction. The sight assembly may have a mirror or lens. An adjustment mechanism is provided where a shaft includes at least two portions wherein the two portions of the shaft of the screw have different pitch directions and/or pitch dimensions allowing for slight adjustment the assembly. The light source may be a vertical-cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL). A temperature sensor may sense a temperature of the VCSEL. A current to the VCSEL may be adjusted based on a change in the temperature such that the output wavelength is approximately the same as a desired wavelength. The assembly may further allow for perceived image distance adjustment using parallax mismatch.

Abstract: A sight assembly for mounting to a weapon is provided. A holographic optical element and a light source are provided in a fixed angular configuration with respect to one another, but may be adjusted either together or individually in a horizontal or vertical direction. A mirror or lens may also be provided. An adjustment mechanism is provided where a shaft includes at least two portions wherein the two portions of the shaft of the screw have different pitch directions and/or pitch dimensions allowing for slight adjustment the assembly. The light source is typically a vertical-cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL). The wavelength of the VCSEL is controlled by controlling the current it is given. The assembly further allows for perceived image distance adjustment using parallax mismatch. Further, a chassis is provided for holding holographic elements.

Abstract: A system and method for determining volume-related parameters of a biological tissue, such as ocular tissue, include a light source for projecting light towards the biological tissue, a receiver for receiving light reflected from the biological tissue at two spectral wavelengths, and an image acquisition system in communication with the receiver for forming an image from the reflected light at each wavelength. A processor applies a mathematical model to the image which compares the absorption of light by the biological tissue at a selected image point at each of the two spectral wavelengths to determine the volume-related parameters, such as the relative thickness and material properties, of the biological tissue at that location.

Abstract: A holographic weapon sight folds for storage or to position where a portion of the sight is out of the way when not in use. Certain embodiments include a readout beam source mounted to the stationary base of the sight and the source directly illuminates a hologram plate supported in a pivotally mounted hologram support when the sight is in a position intended for use.

Abstract: An instrument is attached to a punching bag that accurately and consistently provides a strike impact feedback score to a user. The instrument is adaptable to existing punching bags, is simple for the user to install, simple to operate, and provides an intuitive user interface. The feedback score is a reliable and consistent interpretation of the intensity of the user's strike, providing meaningful feedback to the user and/or the martial arts instructor for use in improving the quality of the student's strikes.

Abstract: A system and method for determining volume-related parameters of a biological tissue, such as ocular tissue, include a light source for projecting light towards the biological tissue, a receiver for receiving light reflected from the biological tissue at two spectral wavelengths, and an image acquisition system in communication with the receiver for forming an image from the reflected light at each wavelength. A processor applies a mathematical model to the image which compares the absorption of light by the biological tissue at a selected image point at each of the two spectral wavelengths to determine the volume-related parameters, such as the relative thickness and material properties, of the biological tissue at that location.

Abstract: A laser-based target detection system applicable for search-and-rescue type operations takes into account a plurality of optical attributes in the energy delivered to, and received from, a target-containing area so as to enhance effectiveness. In addition to analyzing the returned optical signature for sufficient energy reflected by a potential target at a primary laser wavelength, the system also senses the target's effect on a supplemental optical attribute, and only when sufficient amplitude at the primary wavelength is detected in conjunction with a substantial effect on the supplemental optical attribute is a valid target confirmed. In one embodiment, the supplemental optical attribute is amplitude at a wavelength other than the primary wavelength, with the system preferably looking for a high degree of attenuation at the non-primary wavelength.

Abstract: An image of an object embedded in a diffusing medium is formed by propagating a coherent or equivalent light pulse through the diffusing medium and applying a reference pulse so as to gate precisely the first emerging light transmitted through the diffusing medium. An ultra-short pulse, having a duration on the order of 150 fs, insures that only the first emerging light is used to form a hologram. Instability in the diffusing medium, which may be inherent therein, as is the case with living tissue, or artificially induced therein, such as by vibrating the specimen, ensures that a subsequent hologram has a different background noise and speckle pattern. Integration of such holograms causes the background noise to average out, but time-invariant features, such as the object being imaged, become increasingly more visible as more holograms are integrated.