Abstract: A process for the production of high yields of high quality products from heavy hydrocarbonaceous feedstock comprising a two-stage, close-coupled process. The first stage comprises a thermo-catalytic zone into which is introduced a mixture comprising the feedstock, coal, a liquid catalyst precursor, and hydrogen. The second, close-coupled stage comprises a catalytic-hydrotreating zone into which substantially all the effluent from the first stage is directly passed and processed under hydrotreating conditions.

Abstract: A process for the production of high yields of high quality products from heavy hydrocarbonaceous feedstock is provided comprising a two-stage, close-coupled process, wherein the first stage comprises a thermal-catalytic zone into which is introduced a mixture comprising the feedstock, coal, dispersed catalyst, and hydrogen; and the second, close-coupled stage comprises a catalytic-hydrotreating zone into which substantially all the effluent from the first stage is directly passed and processed under hydrotreating conditions.

Abstract: A process for the production of high yields of high quality products from heavy hydrocarbonaceous feedstock comprising a two-stage, close-coupled process, wherein the first stage comprises a thermal-catalytic zone into which is introduced a mixture comprising the feedstock, coal, dispersed catalyst, and hydrogen; and the second, close-coupled stage comprises a catalytic-hydrotreating zone into which substantially all the effluent from the first stage is directly passed and processed under hydrotreating conditions.

Abstract: A process for the production of high yields of high quality products from heavy hydrocarbonaceous feedstock comprising a two-stage, close-coupled process. The first stage comprises a thermo-catalytic zone into which is introduced a mixture comprising the feedstock, coal, a liquid catalyst precursor, and hydrogen. The second, close-coupled stage comprises a catalytic-hydrotreating zone into which substantially all the effluent from the first stage is directly passed and processed under hydrotreating conditions.

Abstract: A process for the production of high yields of high quality products from heavy hydrocarbonaceous feedstock comprising a two-stage, close-coupled process, wherein the first stage comprises a thermal-catalytic zone into which is introduced a mixture comprising the feedstock, coal, dispersed catalyst, and hydrogen; and the second, close-coupled stage comprises a catalytic-hydrotreating zone into which substantially all the effluent from the first stage is directly passed and processed under hydrotreating conditions.

Abstract: A process for the production of high yields of high quality products from heavy hydrocarbonaceous feedstock is provided comprising a two-stage, close-coupled process, wherein the first stage comprises a thermal-catalytic zone into which is introduced a mixture comprising the feedstock, coal, dispersed catalyst, and hydrogen; and the second, close-coupled stage comprises a catalytic-hydrotreating zone into which substantially all the effluent from the first stage is directly passed and processed under hydrotreating conditions.

Abstract: An actuator apparatus comprising an actuator member, an actuated element movable by actuation of said actuator member, and a marker device including a marker the position of which can be sensed in use by sensor means, said marker device being secured to said actuator member such that deformation of the actuator member during actuation to move said element causes an adjustment to the change in position of the marker.

Abstract: An actuator apparatus comprising an actuator member, an actuated element movable by actuation of said actuator member, and a marker device including a marker the position of which can be sensed in use by sensor means, said marker device being secured to said actuator member such that deformation of the actuator member during actuation to move said element causes an adjustment to the change in position of the marker.

Abstract: Thermal expansion within a gearbox causes relative motion of all of the component parts therein. For gearboxes having components made of different materials, differential thermal expansion may alter the clearances between meshing gears and give rise to increased backlash. The gearbox comprises a compensation member arranged to move one end of an axle having a first gear therein in response to changes to temperature so as maintain the first gear in substantially temperature invariant engagement with a second gear.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for solvent-extracting an extractable component from a mixture including the extractable component and subdivided solids, comprising:(a) maintaining a vertically extending bed comprising said solids in a vertically extending extraction zone and introducing said mixture into an upper portion of said bed;(b) providing a substantially continuous gaseous phase in contact with a lower portion of said bed;(c) maintaining a substantially continuous liquid phase comprising a vaporizable liquid solvent in contact with at least a lower part of an upper portion of said bed;(d) introducing said solvent into said liquid phase at at least two vertically spaced levels of said liquid phase;(e) extracting said extractable component from said mixture with said solvent;(f) withdrawing said solvent and said extractable component from said liquid phase between said two vertically spaced levels;(g) preventing said liquid phase from flowing downwardly through said lower portion of said bed by maintaining said

Abstract: The instant disclosure relates to the feeding of pulverized hydrocarbonaceous solids, such as coal, coke, tar sands, oil shale, etc., into a high pressure reactor for retorting or gasification of the solids. The pulverized hydrocarbonaceous solids are mixed with a motive fluid and pressurized in a jet ejector. The pulverized solid/motive fluid mixture is then separated by a cyclone separator. The operation may be repeated in successive stages to achieve the desired pressures. The pressurized solids from the cyclone separator are introduced into the reactor, and motive fluid from the separator is recirculated to the jet ejector.

Abstract: A method for combined cycle electrical power generation is disclosed wherein electrical power is generated by an electrical generator driven by a gas turbine, which is in turn driven by two gaseous products of a coal gasification process. The first gaseous product is produced with hot char by the reduction of a coal/water slurry by stream in a gasifier. The second gaseous product is produced by oxidation of the hot char in a combustor.

Abstract: A coal gasification process is disclosed wherein two portions of heat transfer material are introduced into the reaction vessel at different locations and different temperatures. Steam is passed upwardly through the vessel to react with the carbonaceous material to form a hot char and a gaseous product, wherein the heat necessary for the coal gasification reaction is supplied by both the first portion of heat transfer material and the second portion of heat transfer material. Then the hot char and gaseous product are cooled by contact with the first portion of heat transfer material.

Abstract: A method for extracting bitumen from bituminous sand is disclosed, in which the bituminous sand is contacted with previously recovered bitumen at a temperature sufficient to maintain the previously recovered bitumen as a liquid, and the resulting liquids are separated from the resulting solids.

Abstract: A method for solvent extracting extractable materials from solids is disclosed, which includes (a) maintaining a vertically extending bed comprising said solids in a vertically extending extraction zone and introducing said mixture into an upper portion of said bed; (b) providing a substantially continuous gaseous phase in contact with a lower portion of said bed; (c) maintaining a substantially continuous liquid phase comprising a vaporizable primary liquid solvent and at least one secondary liquid solvent in contact with at least a lower part of said upper portion of said bed above said gaseous phase, said liquid phase and said gaseous phase having an interface at a vertically intermediate level of said bed; (d) introducing said primary liquid solvent into an intermediate liquid level in said liquid phase spaced from the top of said liquid phase; (e) introducing at least one secondary liquid solvent into said liquid phase above said intermediate liquid level; (f) passing said primary and secondary solvents

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved CO.sub.2 acceptor process for the gasification of carbonaceous solids to produce H.sub.2, CO and CH.sub.4. In the process a hot calcined CO.sub.2 acceptor solid and a carbonaceous solid are contacted in countercurrent plug-like flow in a gasification vessel filled with packing or other suitable internals. The CO.sub.2 acceptor flows downwardly through the vessel in a fluidized state, countercurrent to entrained carbonaceous solid flowing upwardly through said vessel. The heat of gasification is provided by sensible heat transfer from the calcined CO.sub.2 acceptor solid to the carbonaceous solid and by the exothermic heat of reaction of the calcined CO.sub.2 acceptor with CO.sub.2 generated in the process.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for solvent-extracting an extractable component from a mixture including the extractable component and subdivided solids, comprising: (a) maintaining a vertically extending bed comprising the solids in an extraction zone and introducing the mixture into an upper portion of the bed; (b) introducing a vaporizable liquid solvent into the upper portion of the bed; (c) providing a substantially continuous gaseous phase in contact with a lower portion of the bed; (d) maintaining a substantially continuous liquid phase comprising the solvent in contact with the upper portion of the bed above the gaseous phase, the liquid phase and gaseous phase having an interface at a vertically intermediate level, extracting the extractable component from the mixture by passing the solvent through the upper portion of the bed, and removing a liquid stream including the solvent and the extractable component from the extraction zone; (e) preventing the liquid phase from flowing downwardly through the lower port

Abstract: A continuous process is disclosed for the retorting of oil shale or other similar hydrocarbon containing solids. Heat carrier particles at an elevated temperature are introduced into an upper portion of a retort and pass downwardly therethrough, fluidized by an upwardly flowing non-oxidizing gas introduced in a lower portion of the retort. The hydrocarbon-containing solids are introduced into an intermediate portion of the retort; a first portion thereof being entrained by the gas and flowing upwardly through the retort and a second portion thereof being fluidized by the gas and flowing downwardly through said retort. Retorted fluidized solids and heat carrier particles are removed from a lower portion of the retort and a product stream of hydrocarbon vapors mixed with the entrained retorted solids and fluidizing gas is recovered overhead.