Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for automatic notifications of expired subscriptions. In various embodiments, a network function can request a subscription from a Unified Data Repository (UDR). The request for the subscription can include a request for a notification when the subscription expires or at a time prior to the expiration of the subscription. When the subscription expires or at the time prior to the expiration of the subscription, the UDR can provide a notification that the subscription has expired or is about to expire. Based on the notification, the network function can request to re-subscribe or request a new subscription from the UDR.

Abstract: A method for growing bulk boron arsenide (BA) crystals, the method comprising utilizing a seeded chemical vapor transport (CVT) growth mechanism to produce single BAs crystals which are used for further CVT growth, wherein a sparsity of nucleation centers is controlled during the further CVT growth. Also disclosed are bulk BAs crystals produced via the method.

Abstract: The systems and method disclosed herein optimize the deregistration of user equipment (UE) from the 5GC. For example, when the UE operates in single-registration mode, for AMF 3GPP access registration with drFlag attribute set to false (or to be absent) in UDM/UDR, a “new attribute”, singleRegIndication, is defined. The AMF sets the singleRegIndication value to “NO_INDICATION” when there is no N26 interface connection to MME. UDM will not instruct HSS to cancel MME (and SGSN/VLR) if there is an old AMF 3GPP registration for which “NO_INDICATION” or “DEREGISTER_SN” is set as the singleRegIndication value (i.e. the old AMF was already registered with the single registration). Otherwise, the AMF sets the singleRegIndication value to “DEREGISTER_SN” when the AMF has established a N26 interface connection to the old MME. UDM can instruct HSS to cancel the MME (and SGSN/VLR).