Abstract: A corneal cross-linking system includes a light source configured to emit a photoactivating light. The system includes a spatial light modulator configured to receive the photoactivating light from the light source and provide a pixelated illumination. The spatial light modulator defines a maximum area for the pixelated illumination. The system includes a controller configured to cause the spatial light modulator to project a first pixelated illumination onto the cornea to photoactivate a cross-linking agent applied to a treatment area. The first pixelated illumination has an area that is smaller than the maximum area defined by the spatial light modulator. The controller is configured to determine movement of the cornea. In response to the movement, the controller controls the spatial light modulator to project a second pixelated illumination to the treatment area based on a translation and/or transformation of the first pixelated illumination to continue photoactivating the cross-linking agent.

Abstract: In a corneal measurement system, an optical element focuses an excitation light to an area of corneal tissue at a selected depth. In response, a fluorescing agent applied to the cornea generates a fluorescence emission. An aperture of a pinhole structure selectively transmits the fluorescence emission from the area of corneal tissue at the selected depth. A detector captures the selected fluorescence emission transmitted by the aperture and communicates information relating to a measurement of the selected fluorescence emission captured by the detector. A controller receives the information from the detector and determines a measurement of the fluorescing agent in the area of corneal tissue at the selected depth. The system may include a scan mechanism that causes the optical element to scan the cornea at a plurality of depths, and the controller may determine a measurement of the fluorescing agent in the cornea as a function of depth.

Abstract: In a corneal measurement system, an optical element focuses an excitation light to an area of corneal tissue at a selected depth. In response, a fluorescing agent applied to the cornea generates a fluorescence emission. An aperture of a pinhole structure selectively transmits the fluorescence emission from the area of corneal tissue at the selected depth. A detector captures the selected fluorescence emission transmitted by the aperture and communicates information relating to a measurement of the selected fluorescence emission captured by the detector. A controller receives the information from the detector and determines a measurement of the fluorescing agent in the area of corneal tissue at the selected depth. The system may include a scan mechanism that causes the optical element to scan the cornea at a plurality of depths, and the controller may determine a measurement of the fluorescing agent in the cornea as a function of depth.

Abstract: A system for treating an eye includes a laser light source providing photoactivating light. The system includes a scanning system to receive the photoactivating light as a laser beam and to move the laser beam over a cornea treated with a cross-linking agent. The system includes a controller that provides control signal(s) to programmatically control the laser light source and the scanning system. The control signal(s) cause the laser beam to visit region(s) of the cornea more than once according to a scan pattern and expose the region(s) to the photoactivating light. The photoactivating light causes the cross-linking agent in the exposed region(s) to react with oxygen to generate cross-linking activity in the exposed region(s). The scan pattern causes a predetermined period of time to pass between visits by the laser beam to the exposed region(s), the predetermined period of time allowing oxygen in the exposed region(s) to replenish.

Abstract: An automated process receives input tomography data and generates an optimized (customized) treatment pattern for an individual patient without relying on the physician's analysis and judgment. For example, a method for treating a cornea includes receiving tomographic data for a cornea. The method includes identifying a keratoconic defect in the cornea based on the tomographic data. The method includes segmenting the keratoconic defect into treatment zones based on predefined geometric parameters, wherein the treatment zones indicate where a cross-linking agent is to be applied on the cornea and photoactivated to treat the keratoconic defect.

Abstract: An automated process receives input tomography data and generates an optimized (customized) treatment pattern for an individual patient without relying on the physician's analysis and judgment. For example, a method for treating a cornea includes receiving tomographic data for a cornea. The method includes identifying a keratoconic defect in the cornea based on the tomographic data. The method includes segmenting the keratoconic defect into treatment zones based on predefined geometric parameters, wherein the treatment zones indicate where a cross-linking agent is to be applied on the cornea and photoactivated to treat the keratoconic defect.

Abstract: An example system for tracking motion of an eye during an eye treatment includes an image capture device configured to capture a plurality of images of an eye. The system includes an ensemble tracker employing a first, second, and third tracker to process a plurality of images. Each tracker is configured to detect a respective feature in the plurality of images and provide, based on the respective feature, a respective set of data relating to motion of the eye. The first tracker detects a first feature including an anatomical structure in an iris region of the eye. The second tracker detects a second feature including a shape defined by a contrast between the iris region and a pupil region. A third tracker detects a third feature including a boundary between the iris region and the pupil region of the eye.

Abstract: An example system for tracking motion of an eye during an eye treatment includes an image capture device configured to capture a plurality of images of an eye. The system includes controller(s) including processor(s) that receive the plurality of images from the image capture device. The processor(s) implement a plurality of trackers. Each tracker is configured to detect a respective feature in the plurality of images and provide, based on the respective feature, a respective set of data relating to motion of the eye. The respective features detected by the plurality of trackers are orthogonal relative to each other and the respective sets of data provided by the plurality of trackers are independent of each other. The processor(s) coalesce the sets of data from the plurality of trackers and determine an indicator of the motion of the eye based on the coalesced sets of data.

Abstract: In a corneal measurement system, an optical element focuses an excitation light to an area of corneal tissue at a selected depth. In response, a fluorescing agent applied to the cornea generates a fluorescence emission. An aperture of a pinhole structure selectively transmits the fluorescence emission from the area of corneal tissue at the selected depth. A detector captures the selected fluorescence emission transmitted by the aperture and communicates information relating to a measurement of the selected fluorescence emission captured by the detector. A controller receives the information from the detector and determines a measurement of the fluorescing agent in the area of corneal tissue at the selected depth. The system may include a scan mechanism that causes the optical element to scan the cornea at a plurality of depths, and the controller may determine a measurement of the fluorescing agent in the cornea as a function of depth.

Abstract: A system for treating an eye includes a light source configured to provide photoactivating light that photoactivates a cross-linking agent applied to a cornea. The system includes one or more optical elements configured to receive the photoactivating light and produce a beam that defines a spot of the photoactivating light. The system includes a scanning system configured to receive the beam of the photoactivating light and to scan the spot of the photoactivating light along a first axis and a second axis to form a scan pattern on the cornea to generate cross-linking activity.

Abstract: A corneal cross-linking system includes a light source configured to emit a photoactivating light. The system includes a spatial light modulator configured to receive the photoactivating light from the light source and provide a pixelated illumination. The spatial light modulator defines a maximum area for the pixelated illumination. The system includes a controller configured to cause the spatial light modulator to project a first pixelated illumination onto the cornea to photoactivate a cross-linking agent applied to a treatment area. The first pixelated illumination has an area that is smaller than the maximum area defined by the spatial light modulator. The controller is configured to determine movement of the cornea. In response to the movement, the controller controls the spatial light modulator to project a second pixelated illumination to the treatment area based on a translation and/or transformation of the first pixelated illumination to continue photoactivating the cross-linking agent.

Abstract: A system for treating an eye includes a light source configured to provide photoactivating light that photoactivates a cross-linking agent applied to a cornea. The system includes one or more optical elements configured to receive the photoactivating light and produce a beam that defines a spot of the photoactivating light. The system includes a scanning system configured to receive the beam of the photoactivating light and to scan the spot of the photoactivating light along a first axis and a second axis to form a scan pattern on the cornea to generate cross-linking activity.

Abstract: In a corneal measurement system, an optical element focuses an excitation light to an area of corneal tissue at a selected depth. In response, a fluorescing agent applied to the cornea generates a fluorescence emission. An aperture of a pinhole structure selectively transmits the fluorescence emission from the area of corneal tissue at the selected depth. A detector captures the selected fluorescence emission transmitted by the aperture and communicates information relating to a measurement of the selected fluorescence emission captured by the detector. A controller receives the information from the detector and determines a measurement of the fluorescing agent in the area of corneal tissue at the selected depth. The system may include a scan mechanism that causes the optical element to scan the cornea at a plurality of depths, and the controller may determine a measurement of the fluorescing agent in the cornea as a function of depth.

Abstract: Methods employ bioresorbable corneal implants to treat corneal ectatic disorders and/or refractive errors. The corneal implants may be formed from a porous microstructure that can encourage the proliferation of endogenous keratocytes. As such, the corneal implants act as tissue scaffolds that promote tissue growth to increase the biomechanical stability and/or change the shape of the cornea. Over time, the corneal implants may resorb via hydrolysis or enzymatic breakdown, negating the risks of inflammation, scarring, or foreign body response. The corneal implants may also employ drug coating(s) to promote tissue growth.

Abstract: Systems and methods employ bioresorbable corneal implants to treat corneal ectatic disorders and/or refractive errors. The corneal implants may be formed from a porous microstructure that can encourage the proliferation of endogenous keratocytes. As such, the corneal implants act as tissue scaffolds that promote tissue growth to increase the biomechanical stability and/or change the shape of the cornea. Over time, the corneal implants may resorb via hydrolysis or enzymatic breakdown, negating the risks of inflammation, scarring, or foreign body response. The corneal implants may also employ drug coating(s) to promote tissue growth.

Abstract: A system for treating an eye includes a laser light source providing photoactivating light. The system includes a scanning system to receive the photoactivating light as a laser beam and to move the laser beam over a cornea treated with a cross-linking agent. The system includes a controller that provides control signal(s) to programmatically control the laser light source and the scanning system. The control signal(s) cause the laser beam to visit region(s) of the cornea more than once according to a scan pattern and expose the region(s) to the photoactivating light. The photoactivating light causes the cross-linking agent in the exposed region(s) to react with oxygen to generate cross-linking activity in the exposed region(s). The scan pattern causes a predetermined period of time to pass between visits by the laser beam to the exposed region(s), the predetermined period of time allowing oxygen in the exposed region(s) to replenish.

Abstract: A system for treating an eye includes a laser light source providing photoactivating light. The system includes a scanning system to receive the photoactivating light as a laser beam and to move the laser beam over a cornea treated with a cross-linking agent. The system includes a controller that provides control signal(s) to programmatically control the laser light source and the scanning system. The control signal(s) cause the laser beam to visit region(s) of the cornea more than once according to a scan pattern and expose the region(s) to the photoactivating light. The photoactivating light causes the cross-linking agent in the exposed region(s) to react with oxygen to generate cross-linking activity in the exposed region(s). The scan pattern causes a predetermined period of time to pass between visits by the laser beam to the exposed region(s), the predetermined period of time allowing oxygen in the exposed region(s) to replenish.

Abstract: In a corneal measurement system, an optical element focuses an excitation light to an area of corneal tissue at a selected depth. In response, a fluorescing agent applied to the cornea generates a fluorescence emission. An aperture of a pinhole structure selectively transmits the fluorescence emission from the area of corneal tissue at the selected depth. A detector captures the selected fluorescence emission transmitted by the aperture and communicates information relating to a measurement of the selected fluorescence emission captured by the detector. A controller receives the information from the detector and determines a measurement of the fluorescing agent in the area of corneal tissue at the selected depth. The system may include a scan mechanism that causes the optical element to scan the cornea at a plurality of depths, and the controller may determine a measurement of the fluorescing agent in the cornea as a function of depth.

Abstract: In a corneal measurement system, an optical element focuses an excitation light to an area of corneal tissue at a selected depth. In response, a fluorescing agent applied to the cornea generates a fluorescence emission. An aperture of a pinhole structure selectively transmits the fluorescence emission from the area of corneal tissue at the selected depth. A detector captures the selected fluorescence emission transmitted by the aperture and communicates information relating to a measurement of the selected fluorescence emission captured by the detector. A controller receives the information from the detector and determines a measurement of the fluorescing agent in the area of corneal tissue at the selected depth. The system may include a scan mechanism that causes the optical element to scan the cornea at a plurality of depths, and the controller may determine a measurement of the fluorescing agent in the cornea as a function of depth.

Abstract: An automated process receives input tomography data and generates an optimized (customized) treatment pattern for an individual patient without relying on the physician's analysis and judgment. For example, a method for treating a cornea includes receiving tomographic data for a cornea. The method includes identifying a keratoconic defect in the cornea based on the tomographic data. The method includes segmenting the keratoconic defect into treatment zones based on predefined geometric parameters, wherein the treatment zones indicate where a cross-linking agent is to be applied on the cornea and photoactivated to treat the keratoconic defect.