Abstract: Securely granting access to a target system to a user is disclosed. A plurality of security policies is requested from a plurality of distributed policy systems. A plurality of security policies is obtained from the plurality of distributed policy systems. A temporary grant of access that is an aggregate of the plurality of security policies is granted. The temporary access grant is implemented for the user.

Abstract: A technique for securely granting access to a target system to a user includes requesting a plurality of security policies from a plurality of distributed policy systems. It further includes obtaining a plurality of security policies from the plurality of distributed policy systems. It further includes granting a temporary grant of access that is an aggregate of the plurality of security policies. It further includes implementing the temporary access grant for the user.

Abstract: A method of depositing and etching dielectric layers having low dielectric constants and etch rates that vary by at least 3:1 for formation of horizontal interconnects. The amount of carbon or hydrogen in the dielectric layer is varied by changes in deposition conditions to provide low k dielectric layers that can replace etch stop layers or conventional dielectric layers in damascene applications. A dual damascene structure having two or more dielectric layers with dielectric constants lower than about 4 can be deposited in a single reactor and then etched to form vertical and horizontal interconnects by varying the concentration of a carbon:oxygen gas such as carbon monoxide. The etch gases for forming vertical interconnects preferably comprises CO and a fluorocarbon, and CO is preferably excluded from etch gases for forming horizontal interconnects.

Abstract: A silicon oxide layer is produced by plasma enhanced decomposition of an organosilicon compound to deposit films having a carbon content of at least 1% by atomic weight. An optional carrier gas may be introduced to facilitate the deposition process at a flow rate less than or equal to the flow rate of the organosilicon compounds. An oxygen rich surface may be formed adjacent the silicon oxide layer by temporarily increasing oxidation of the organosilicon compound.

Abstract: A method of depositing and etching dielectric layers having low dielectric constants and etch rates that vary by at least 3:1 for formation of horizontal interconnects. The amount of carbon or hydrogen in the dielectric layer is varied by changes in deposition conditions to provide low k dielectric layers that can replace etch stop layers or conventional dielectric layers in damascene applications. A dual damascene structure having two or more dielectric layers with dielectric constants lower than about 4 can be deposited in a single reactor and then etched to form vertical and horizontal interconnects by varying the concentration of a carbon:oxygen gas such as carbon monoxide. The etch gases for forming vertical interconnects preferably comprises CO and a fluorocarbon, and CO is preferably excluded from etch gases for forming horizontal interconnects.

Abstract: A silicon oxide layer is produced by plasma enhanced decomposition of an organosilicon compound to deposit films having a carbon content of at least 1% by atomic weight. An optional carrier gas may be introduced to facilitate the deposition process at a flow rate less than or equal to the flow rate of the organosilicon compounds. An oxygen rich surface may be formed adjacent the silicon oxide layer by temporarily increasing oxidation of the organosilicon compound.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for depositing a low dielectric constant film by plasma assisted copolymerization of p-xylylene and a comonomer having carbon-carbon double bonds at a constant RF power level from about 0W to about 100W or a pulsed RF power level from about 20W to about 160W. The copolymer film has a dielectric constant from about 2.2 to about 2.5. Preferred comonomers include tetravinyltetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane, tetraallyloxysilane, and trivinylmethylsilane. The copolymer films include at least 1% by weight of the comonomer.

Abstract: A method of depositing and etching dielectric layers having low dielectric constants and etch rates that vary by at least 3:1 for formation of horizontal interconnects. The amount of carbon or hydrogen in the dielectric layer is varied by changes in deposition conditions to provide low k dielectric layers that can replace etch stop layers or conventional dielectric layers in damascene applications. A dual damascene structure having two or more dielectric layers with dielectric constants lower than about 4 can be deposited in a single reactor and then etched to form vertical and horizontal interconnects by varying the concentration of a carbon:oxygen gas such as carbon monoxide. The etch gases for forming vertical interconnects preferably comprises CO and a fluorocarbon, and CO is preferably excluded from etch gases for forming horizontal interconnects.

Abstract: A silicon oxide layer is produced by plasma enhanced decomposition of an organosilicon compound to deposit films having a carbon content of at least 1% by atomic weight. An optional carrier gas may be introduced to facilitate the deposition process at a flow rate less than or equal to the flow rate of the organosilicon compounds. An oxygen rich surface may be formed adjacent the silicon oxide layer by temporarily increasing oxidation of the organosilicon compound.

Abstract: A silicon oxide layer is produced by plasma enhanced oxidation of an organosilicon compound to deposit films having a carbon content of at least 1% by atomic weight. Films having low moisture content and resistance to cracking are deposited by introducing oxygen into the processing chamber at a flow rate of less than or equal to the flow rate of the organosilicon compounds, and generating a plasma at a power density ranging between 0.9 W/cm2 and about 3.2 W/cm2. An optional carrier gas may be introduced to facilitate the deposition process at a flow rate less than or equal to the flow rate of the organosilicon compounds. The organosilicon compound preferably has 2 or 3 carbon atoms bonded to each silicon atom, such as trimethylsilane, (CH3)3SiH. An oxygen rich surface may be formed adjacent the silicon oxide layer by temporarily increasing oxidation of the organosilicon compound.

Abstract: A method of depositing and etching dielectric layers having low dielectric constants and etch rates that vary by at least 3:1 for formation of horizontal interconnects. The amount of carbon or hydrogen in the dielectric layer is varied by changes in deposition conditions to provide low k dielectric layers that can replace etch stop layers or conventional dielectric layers in damascene applications. A dual damascene structure having two or more dielectric layers with dielectric constants lower than about 4 can be deposited in a single reactor and then etched to form vertical and horizontal interconnects by varying the concentration of a carbon:oxygen gas such as carbon monoxide. The etch gases for forming vertical interconnects preferably comprises CO and a fluorocarbon, and CO is preferably excluded from etch gases for forming horizontal interconnects.

Abstract: A method for depositing silicon oxide layers having a low dielectric constant by reaction of an organosilicon compound and a hydroxyl forming compound at a substrate temperature less than about 400° C. The low dielectric constant films contain residual carbon and are useful for gap fill layers, pre-metal dielectric layers, inter-metal dielectric layers, and shallow trench isolation dielectric layers in sub-micron devices. The hydroxyl compound can be prepared prior to deposition from water or an organic compound. The silicon oxide layers are preferably deposited at a substrate temperature less than about 40° C. onto a liner layer produced from the organosilicon compound to provide gap fill layers having a dielectric constant less than about 3.0.

Abstract: A method of depositing and etching dielectric layers having low dielectric constants and etch rates that vary by at least 3:1 for formation of horizontal interconnects. The amount of carbon or hydrogen in the dielectric layer is varied by changes in deposition conditions to provide low k dielectric layers that can replace etch stop layers or conventional dielectric layers in damascene applications. A dual damascene structure having two or more dielectric layers with dielectric constants lower than about 4 can be deposited in a single reactor and then etched to form vertical and horizontal interconnects by varying the concentration of a carbon:oxygen gas such as carbon monoxide. The etch gases for forming vertical interconnects preferably comprises CO and a fluorocarbon, and CO is preferably excluded from etch gases for forming horizontal interconnects.

Abstract: A method of depositing and etching dielectric layers having low dielectric constants and etch rates that vary by at least 3:1 for formation of horizontal interconnects. The amount of carbon or hydrogen in the dielectric layer is varied by changes in deposition conditions to provide low k dielectric layers that can replace etch stop layers or conventional dielectric layers in damascene applications. A dual damascene structure having two or more dielectric layers with dielectric constants lower than about 4 can be deposited in a single reactor and then etched to form vertical and horizontal interconnects by varying the concentration of a carbon:oxygen gas such as carbon monoxide. The etch gases for forming vertical interconnects preferably comprises CO and a fluorocarbon, and CO is preferably excluded from etch gases for forming horizontal interconnects.

Abstract: A ceramic susceptor with an embedded metal electrode. The metal electrode has multiple apertures, and the ceramic material is cross-linked through the apertures. An electrical connection to the electrode protects the electrode from the environment in the processing chamber. The ceramic may be aluminum nitride, and the metal electrode may be a mesh of molybdenum wires. To form the electrical connection, the susceptor may be heated until an eutectic forms between a conductive connector and the metal electrode. Alternately, a brazing material may be placed between the metal layer and a conductive connector.

Abstract: A ceramic susceptor with an embedded metal electrode. The metal electrode has multiple apertures, and the ceramic material is cross-linked through the apertures. An electrical connection to the electrode protects the electrode from the environment in the processing chamber. The ceramic may be aluminum nitride, and the metal electrode may be a mesh of molybdenum wires. To form the electrical connection, the susceptor may be heated until an eutectic forms between a conductive connector and the metal electrode. Alternately, a brazing material may be placed between the metal layer and a conductive connector.

Abstract: A new susceptor design for used in plasma processing of substrates is provided. The susceptor is made of metal and serves as one of the electrodes in a parallel plate plasma reactor. The susceptor is flat and has no lip at its rim. A substrate having substantially the same diameter as the susceptor is placed on and covers the susceptor. This arrangement allows a uniform electric field to be formed across the whole surface of the substrate. As a result, the deposition on the surface of the substrate is uniform.

Abstract: A multi-step plasma etch method for etching a tapered via having uniform bottom diameter ("CD") and extending through the resist and into the oxide layer of a coated semiconductor substrate, and a coated semiconductor substrate whose coating has been plasma etched to define such a tapered via. The first step of the inventive method is an anisotropic oxide plasma etch operation, preferably employing a plasma consisting primarily of CF.sub.4, which produces a non-tapered via having diameter substantially equal to CD and extending through the resist and into the oxide layer. A preferred embodiment of the inventive method includes a second step defining an upper sloping via portion without significantly increasing the diameter of a lower portion of the non-tapered via. This second step is a tapered resist plasma etch operation employing a mixture of oxygen (O.sub.2) and CF.sub.4. The slope of the upper sloping via portion may be controlled by varying the ratio of oxygen to CF.sub.4.