Abstract: An optical livestock counting system includes a sensor mounted to establish a light curtain through an area where livestock are to at least one of pass and be contained, and a control unit operatively coupled with the sensor to detect the livestock within the light curtain and, when the livestock meet a predefined criteria, increment a count of the livestock.

Abstract: In some cases a composite cutting blade includes one or more cutting segments along a periphery of a hub segment. According to an example, the hub segment and the one or more cutting segments can comprise the same or different porous material. A metallurgical bond between the one or more cutting segments and the hub segment is created by a metal which infiltrates the porous material of both segments. The one or more cutting segments also include a cutting material which at least partially defines a cutting edge and/or a cutting surface of each cutting segment extending along the periphery of the composite blade.

Abstract: A concrete finishing apparatus for smoothing and leveling partially set-up concrete at a support surface includes a frame portion, a first concrete working member and a second concrete working member disposed at the frame portion. The first concrete working member is rotatable about a first axis of rotation that is generally vertical when the first concrete working member is supported at a generally horizontal support surface. The second concrete working member is rotatable about a second axis of rotation that is generally vertical when the second concrete working member is supported at a generally horizontal support surface. The first and second concrete working members engage the partially set-up concrete surface at the support surface and rotate about the first and second axes of rotation to process the concrete surface.

Abstract: A concrete finishing apparatus for smoothing and leveling partially set-up concrete at a support surface includes a frame portion, a first concrete working member and a second concrete working member disposed at the frame portion. The first concrete working member is rotatable about a first axis of rotation that is generally vertical when the first concrete working member is supported at a generally horizontal support surface. The second concrete working member is rotatable about a second axis of rotation that is generally vertical when the second concrete working member is supported at a generally horizontal support surface. The first and second concrete working members engage the partially set-up concrete surface at the support surface and rotate about the first and second axes of rotation to process the concrete surface.

Abstract: A concrete finishing apparatus and method for smoothing and flattening partially set-up concrete to a close-tolerance surface includes a movable unit that is movable and supported at a partially set-up concrete surface and at least one rotatable ring finishing member mounted to the movable unit. The rotatable ring finishing member is positioned at the concrete surface and rotatable to engage and finish the surface of the partially set-up concrete to a higher quality, closer-tolerance flat and level concrete floor surface. The apparatus may include a pair of rotatable ring finishing members that may be rotatable in opposite directions to enhance the floating and finishing processes and to transport any cement paste, sand, small aggregate, or concrete mix residue forward with the rotatable ring finishing members working surfaces to cut high areas and fill in any low areas as the concrete finishing apparatus moves over the partially set-up concrete.

Abstract: A concrete finishing apparatus and method for smoothing and flattening partially set-up concrete to a close-tolerance surface includes a movable unit that is movable and supported at a partially set-up concrete surface and at least one rotatable ring finishing member mounted to the movable unit. The rotatable ring finishing member is positioned at the concrete surface and rotatable to engage and finish the surface of the partially set-up concrete to a higher quality, closer-tolerance flat and level concrete floor surface. The apparatus may include a pair of rotatable ring finishing members that may be rotatable in opposite directions to enhance the floating and finishing processes and to transport any cement paste, sand, small aggregate, or concrete mix residue forward with the rotatable ring finishing members working surfaces to cut high areas and fill in any low areas as the concrete finishing apparatus moves over the partially set-up concrete.

Abstract: A concrete finishing apparatus and method for smoothing and flattening partially cured concrete to a close-tolerance surface includes a movable unit which is movable and entirely supported on or over a partially cured concrete surface and at least one rotatable finishing member, such as a cylindrical tube, roller or the like, mounted to the movable unit. The rotatable finishing member is positioned at the partially cured concrete surface and rotatable to engage and finish the surface of the partially cured concrete to a high quality, close-tolerance flat and level concrete floor surface. The rotatable finishing member is preferably rotatable in a direction generally opposite to the direction of travel of the movable unit to enhance the finishing process and to carry any cement paste or residue forward with the finishing member to fill in any low areas as the concrete finishing apparatus moves over the partially cured concrete.

Abstract: A concrete finishing apparatus and method for smoothing and flattening partially cured concrete to a close-tolerance surface includes a movable unit which is movable and entirely supported on or over a partially cured concrete surface and at least one rotatable finishing member, such as a cylindrical tube, roller or the like, mounted to the movable unit. The rotatable finishing member is positioned at the partially cured concrete surface and rotatable to engage and finish the surface of the partially cured concrete to a high quality, close-tolerance flat and level concrete floor surface. The rotatable finishing member is preferably rotatable in a direction generally opposite to the direction of travel of the movable unit to enhance the finishing process and to carry any cement paste or residue forward with the finishing member to fill in any low areas as the concrete finishing apparatus moves over the partially cured concrete.

Abstract: A deflection indicating adjustable highway straight-edge. The highway straight-edge is designed to effectively level wet concrete by allowing the user to determine when the device is not straight and provides the user with a means of controlled adjustment for straightening.In the preferred embodiment, a laser light beam and electronic sensing device is used to detect deflection of the straight-edge. Undesirable deflection can be eliminated through the external adjustment of steel tension cables inside the straight-edge tube. In an alternative embodiment of the invention, deflection is detected by means of an electrically conducting wire having contact points to indicate that the straight-edge requires adjustment. In another embodiment, a steel wire or string line stretched tightly inside the straight-edge tube indicates deflection requiring adjustment.

Abstract: A guidance system and method for increasing the accuracy of laser guided machines such as screeds, graders, earth movers, floor saws and floor finishing machines. The system includes a laser beam receiver for sensing a laser reference beam provided off the machine. The laser receiver signals an electrical circuit when the laser beam is sensed in both centered and off-center regions. The electrical circuit operates a controller such as a solenoid operated fluid valve which controls a power source such as a fluid cylinder to move a machine element in one direction, such as raising a concrete screed, when the beam is sensed in the centered region, and in the other direction, such as lowering the screed, when the beam is sensed off-center. The method includes controlling the power source to continuously cycle the machine element between centered and off-centered regions to reduce the dead band, i.e., nonactive tolerance range, of the system.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are disclosed for pivoting a screed assembly during screeding of placed and/or poured, uncured concrete or like loose, spreadable materials to maintain proper screeding contact by the screeding assembly with the concrete or like material by counteracting the force of concrete or other like material acting against the screed assembly as it is moved along the concrete. The apparatus includes a support, preferably of the self-propelled type, a boom and boom mount, and a pivot between the boom and the screed assembly. The axis of the pivot extends generally perpendicularly to the screeding direction in which the screed sassmblyis moved. A power source, such as a pair of fluid cylinders, rotates the screed about the pivot axis, preferably in response to an electro-hydraulic leveling sensor mounted on the screed. The lateral incline of the screed perpendicular to the screeding direction may be controlled about additional pivot axes orthogonal to the first.

Abstract: A self-propelled apparatus and method are disclosed for screeding placed and/or poured, uncured concrete or like loose, spreadable materials without use of prepositioned guides or rails. The apparatus includes a frame supported on hydraulically drive, steerable wheels, a cantilevered boom mounted on the frame, and a hydraulically driven, auger-type, vibratory screed either fixedly mounted or mounted for movement along the boom to spread and smooth the concrete as the screed is moved toward the vehicle. Screed control means are included for automatically adjusting the elevation of the screed relative to a laser beacon reference plane positioned off the apparatus such that the finished height of the concrete or other material is controlled within close tolerances. Preferably, the boom is rotatably mounted on the frame and also may be extended and retracted to properly position the screed and ease movement of the vehicle around fixed obstacles.