Abstract: Systems and methods are described herein to implement transverse momentum injection at low frequencies to directly modify large-scale eddies in a turbulent boundary layer on a surface of an object. A set of transverse momentum injection actuators may be positioned on the surface of the object to affect large-scale eddies in the turbulent boundary layer. The system may include a controller to selectively actuate the transverse momentum injection actuators with an actuation pattern to affect the large-scale eddies to modify the drag, fluid mixing, heat transfer, and/or other interactions of the fluid flow with the surface. In various embodiments, the transverse momentum injection actuators may be operated at frequencies less than 10,000 Hertz.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described herein to implement transverse momentum injection at low frequencies to directly modify large-scale eddies in a turbulent boundary layer on a surface of an object. A set of transverse momentum injection actuators may be positioned on the surface of the object to affect large-scale eddies in the turbulent boundary layer. The system may include a controller to selectively actuate the transverse momentum injection actuators with an actuation pattern to affect the large-scale eddies to modify the drag, fluid mixing, heat transfer, and/or other interactions of the fluid flow with the surface. In various embodiments, the transverse momentum injection actuators may be operated at frequencies less than 10,000 Hertz.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described herein to implement transverse momentum injection at low frequencies to directly modify large-scale eddies in a turbulent boundary layer on a surface of an object. A set of transverse momentum injection actuators may be positioned on the surface of the object to affect large-scale eddies in the turbulent boundary layer. The system may include a controller to selectively actuate the transverse momentum injection actuators with an actuation pattern to affect the large-scale eddies to modify the drag of the fluid flow on the surface. In various embodiments, the transverse momentum injection actuators may be operated at frequencies less than 10,000 Hertz.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described herein to implement transverse momentum injection at low frequencies to directly modify large-scale eddies in a turbulent boundary layer on a surface of an object. A set of transverse momentum injection actuators may be positioned on the surface of the object to affect large-scale eddies in the turbulent boundary layer. The system may include a controller to selectively actuate the transverse momentum injection actuators with an actuation pattern to affect the large-scale eddies to modify the drag of the fluid flow on the surface. In various embodiments, the transverse momentum injection actuators may be operated at frequencies less than 10,000 Hertz.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described herein to implement transverse momentum injection at low frequencies to directly modify large-scale eddies in a turbulent boundary layer on a surface of an object. A set of transverse momentum injection actuators may be positioned on the surface of the object to affect large-scale eddies in the turbulent boundary layer. The system may include a controller to selectively actuate the transverse momentum injection actuators with an actuation pattern to affect the large-scale eddies to modify the drag of the fluid flow on the surface. In various embodiments, the transverse momentum injection actuators may be operated at frequencies less than 10,000 Hertz.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described herein to implement transverse momentum injection at low frequencies to directly modify large-scale eddies in a turbulent boundary layer on a surface of an object. A set of transverse momentum injection actuators may be positioned on the surface of the object to affect large-scale eddies in the turbulent boundary layer. The system may include a controller to selectively actuate the transverse momentum injection actuators with an actuation pattern to affect the large-scale eddies to modify the drag of the fluid flow on the surface. In various embodiments, the transverse momentum injection actuators may be operated at frequencies less than 10,000 Hertz.

Abstract: According to embodiments of the present invention, a method of additive manufacturing of an object using object material is provided. The method includes forming the object by processing some of the object material, and forming an object identifier by forming a pattern having at least one coded volume within an internal volume of the object, each of the at least one coded volume enclosing unprocessed object material. According to further embodiments of the present invention, an object manufactured using the method of additive manufacturing and a method of scanning an object identifier formed using the method of additive manufacturing are is also provided.

Abstract: Methods, techniques, and systems for the live presentation of products and services to potential consumers in a manner that levels the playing field for suppliers/providers of different sizes, capabilities and with differing resources are provided. Examples provide a Dynamic Product Presentation System (“DPPS”), which enables suppliers and/or vendors to advertise and place new or replacement products before consumers according in a new commerce stream and enables potential consumers to interact on a personalized level with products including goods and/or services that may interest them before they buy them, to engage specialized services, return or exchange goods or other things, be presented with products and/or services that are automatically targeted to their buying habits and predicted needs, etc., all in the comfort of their own residence or location without the inconveniences of traditional shopping models or online environments.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and techniques for building, maintaining, and/or renovating buildings using reconfigurable, intelligent, and/or communicating components and connectors are provided. These reconfigurable building components and connectors are configured to communicate with each other and with the internal structures and services of a building, using various protocols, for more efficient reconfiguration, management, and maintenance as well as safety. Examples provide a Building Configuration and Management System which provides a set of “smart” components, connectors, and protocols and a Building Control System that connects all internal building structures and services together in ways that allow them to communicate their location, state, and other information to each other and to other entities and to control them, potentially automatically. The BCMS facilitates, among other things, more efficient reconfiguration of these structures and services without demolition.

Abstract: A system may be configured to receive input indicating an operating condition associated with a vehicle. One or more environmental parameters of vehicle operation may be identified and compared with the operating condition to determine a safety rating of the vehicle operation based, at least in part, on the comparison. The safety rating may be assigned to an account associated with an operator of the vehicle.

Abstract: The invention disclosed herein relates to fuel cell electrode pair assemblies, not having interposing proton exchange membranes, configured to receive and react with liquid anolyte and liquid catholyte microfluidic flowstreams. In one embodiment, the present invention is directed to a fuel cell electrode pair assembly, not having an interposing proton exchange membrane, configured to receive and react with a liquid microfluidic anolyte flowstream (e.g., laminarly flowing methanol solution) and a liquid microfluidic catholyte flowstream (e.g., laminarly flowing nitric acid solution), wherein the fuel cell electrode pair assembly comprises: a porous flow-through anode; a porous flow-by cathode confronting and spaced apart from the anode; and a central plenum interposed between and connected to the anode and the cathode.

Abstract: The invention disclosed herein relates to fuel cell electrode pair assemblies, not having interposing proton exchange membranes, configured to receive and react with liquid anolyte and liquid catholyte microfluidic flowstreams. In one embodiment, the present invention is directed to a fuel cell electrode pair assembly, not having an interposing proton exchange membrane, configured to receive and react with a liquid microfluidic anolyte flowstream (e.g., laminarly flowing methanol solution) and a liquid microfluidic catholyte flowstream (e.g., laminarly flowing nitric acid solution), wherein the fuel cell electrode pair assembly comprises: a porous flow-through anode; a porous flow-by cathode confronting and spaced apart from the anode; and a central plenum interposed between and connected to the anode and the cathode.

Abstract: A MEM s scanning device has a variable resonant frequency. In one embodiment, the MEMs device includes a torsion arm that supports an oscillatory body. In one embodiment, an array of removable masses are placed on an exposed portion of the oscillatory body and selectively removed to establish the resonant frequency. The material can be removed by laser ablation, etching, or other processing approaches. In another approach, a migratory material is placed on the torsion arm and selectively stimulated to migrate into the torsion arm, thereby changing the mechanical properties of the torsion arm. The changed mechanical properties in turn changes the resonant frequency of the torsion arm. In another approach, symmetrically distributed masses are removed or added in response to a measured resonant frequency to tune the resonant frequency to a desired resonant frequency. A display apparatus includes the scanning device and the scanning device scans about two or more axes, typically in a raster pattern.

Abstract: A beam scanner is operable to scan light in two or more axes, typically in a raster pattern that includes a fast scan axis and a slow scan axis. Plural beams of light are scanned, each beam of light producing a scanned region that at least partially overlaps at least one adjoining scanned region. Scanned regions may be aligned to adjoin and overlap along a dimension corresponding to the slow scan axis. The beam scanner may comprise a scanned beam display and/or a scanned beam image capture device. In a display, the power level of overlapping displayed pixels may be scaled to provide smooth transitions between adjoining regions to improve the image quality presented to a viewer. In an image capture device, one or more detectors is operable to collect light scattered from adjoining regions and a controller is operable to produce an image from the scanned regions.

Abstract: A MEM s scanning device has a variable resonant frequency. In one embodiment, the MEMs device includes a torsion arm that supports an oscillatory body. In one embodiment, an array of removable masses are placed on an exposed portion of the oscillatory body and selectively removed to establish the resonant frequency. The material can be removed by laser ablation, etching, or other processing approaches. In another approach, a migratory material is placed on the torsion arm and selectively stimulated to migrate into the torsion arm, thereby changing the mechanical properties of the torsion arm. The changed mechanical properties in turn changes the resonant frequency of the torsion arm. In another approach, symmetrically distributed masses are removed or added in response to a measured resonant frequency to tune the resonant frequency to a desired resonant frequency. A display apparatus includes the scanning device and the scanning device scans about two or more axes, typically in a raster pattern.

Abstract: A MEMs scanning device has a variable resonant frequency. In one embodiment, the MEMs device includes a flexible arm that extends from an oscillatory body. An electrical field applies a force to the flexible arm, thereby bending the flexible arm to change the moment of inertia of the oscillatory body and a secondary mass carried by the flexible arm. The shifted combined center of mass changes the resonant frequency of the MEMs device. In another embodiment, an absorptive material forms a portion of a torsional arm that supports the oscillatory body. The mechanical properties of the absorptive material can be varied by varying the concentration of a gas surrounding the absorptive material. The varied mechanical properties change the resonant frequency of the scanning device. A display apparatus includes the scanning device and the scanning device scans about two or more axes, typically in a raster pattern.

Abstract: The invention disclosed herein relates to fuel cell and electrochemical cells having internal multistream laminar flow and, more specifically, to microfluidic fuel cell and electrochemical cells having two or more adjacent and cross-flowing (i.e., non-parallel) laminar flowstreams positioned within an electrode pair assembly. In one embodiment, an electrochemical cell is disclosed that comprises: a first electrode; a second electrode that opposes the first electrode; and a channel or plenum interposed between and contiguous with at least a portion of the first and second electrodes. The electrochemical cell of this embodiment is configured such that a first fluid enters the channel or plenum and laminarly flows adjacent to the first electrode in a first flow direction, and a second fluid enters the channel or plenum and laminarly flows adjacent to the second electrode in a second flow direction, wherein the first and second flow directions are different from each other.

Abstract: The present invention disclosed herein is directed to nitric acid regeneration fuel cell systems that comprise: an anode; a cathode confronting and spaced apart from the anode; an anolyte flowstream configured to flowingly contact the anode, wherein the anolyte flowstream includes a fuel, preferably methanol, for reacting at the anode; a catholyte flowstream configured to flowingly contact the cathode, wherein the catholyte flowstream includes nitric acid for reacting at the cathode to thereby yield cathode reaction products that include nitric oxide and water in a catholyte effluent flowstream; and a hydrogen peroxide flowstream configured to contact and react hydrogen peroxide with the nitric oxide of the catholyte effluent flowstream at a hydrogen peroxide oxidation zone to thereby yield a regenerated nitric acid flowstream. The regenerated nitric acid flowstream is preferably reused in the catholyte flowstream.

Abstract: A device and method for spectral imaging of an object. A plurality of sets of narrow-band light sources such as LEDs are provided. Each set emits illumination radiation in a different narrow spectral band. Each set is activated sequentially to illuminate the object. Light reflected from the object or transmitted by the object is focused on a detector array to image the object. Narrower illumination bands are provided by dispersing the emitted light using a dispersive optical element such as a diffraction grating. Alternatively; selected sets or subsets are activated simultaneously with duty cycles that emulate a preselected spectral distribution. For imaging ocular fundus tissue, the illumination light is shaped into an annular beam by an appropriately shaped waveguide.

Abstract: A color display comprising an image of all chromosomes or portions of chromosomes of a cell, each of the chromosomes or portions of chromosomes being painted with a different fluorophore or a combination of fluorophores, the image presenting the chromosomes or portions of chromosomes in different distinctive colors, wherein each of the chromosomes or portions of chromosomes is associated with one of the different distinctive colors.