Abstract: A process for preparing C2 to C4 hydrocarbons includes introducing a feed stream including hydrogen gas and a carbon-containing gas selected from the group consisting of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and mixtures thereof into a reaction zone of a reactor, and converting the feed stream into a product stream including C2 to C4 hydrocarbons in the reaction zone in the presence of a formed hybrid catalyst. The formed hybrid catalyst includes a metal oxide catalyst component including gallium oxide and zirconia, a microporous catalyst component that is a molecular sieve having 8-MR (Membered Ring) pore openings, and a binder including alumina, zirconia, or both.

Abstract: A hybrid catalyst including a metal oxide catalyst component comprising chromium, zinc, and at least one additional metal selected from the group consisting of aluminum and gallium, and a microporous catalyst component that is a molecular sieve having 8-MR pore openings. The metal oxide catalyst component includes anatomic ratio of chromium:zinc (Cr:Zn) from 0.35 to 1.00, and the at least one additional metal is present in an amount from 25.0 at % to 40.0 at %. A process for preparing C2 and C3 olefins comprising: a) introducing a feed stream comprising hydrogen gas and a carbon-containing gas selected from the group consisting of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and mixtures thereof into a reaction zone of a reactor; and b) converting the feed stream into a product stream comprising C2 and C3 olefins in the reaction zone in the presence of said hybrid catalyst.

Abstract: A method for separating CO2 from C2 to C5 alkanes includes introducing a first stream including C2 to C5 alkanes and CO2 into a first separation zone, the first separation zone including a hydrocarbon solvent, and separating the first stream into a recycle stream and a second stream in the first separation zone. The recycle stream including CO2 and one or more of CO, H2, and CH4, and the second stream including C2 to C5 alkanes. The method further includes introducing the second stream into a second separation zone, and separating the second stream into a third stream and a fourth stream, wherein the third stream includes C2 alkanes and the fourth stream includes C3 to C5 alkanes.

Abstract: A process for preparing C2 to C3 hydrocarbons may include introducing a feed stream including hydrogen gas and a carbon-containing gas comprising carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and mixtures thereof into a reaction zone of a reactor, and converting the feed stream into a product stream comprising C2 to C3 hydrocarbons in the reaction zone in the presence of a hybrid catalyst. The hybrid catalyst may include a metal oxide catalyst component and a microporous catalyst component comprising 8-MR pore openings and may be derived from a natural mineral, the product stream comprises a combined C2 and C3 selectivity greater than 40 carbon mol%.

Abstract: A process for preparing C2 to C3 hydrocarbons may include introducing a feed stream including hydrogen gas and a carbon-containing gas comprising carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and mixtures thereof into a reaction zone of a reactor, and converting the feed stream into a product stream comprising C2 to C3 hydrocarbons in the reaction zone in the presence of a hybrid catalyst. The hybrid catalyst may include a metal oxide catalyst component and a microporous catalyst component comprising 8-MR pore openings less than or equal to 5.1 A and a cage defining ring size less than or equal to 7.45 A, where a C2/C3 carbon molar ratio of the product stream is greater than or equal to 0.7.

Abstract: A process for preparing C2 to C4 olefins includes introducing a feed stream of hydrogen gas and a carbon-containing gas into a reaction zone of a reactor and converting the feed stream into a product stream including C2 to C4 olefins in the reaction zone in the presence of a hybrid catalyst and in a non-oxidative atmosphere. The hybrid catalyst includes a metal oxide catalyst component comprising gallium oxide and zirconia, and a microporous catalyst component having an 8 membered ring structure. The process also includes periodically introducing an oxidative atmosphere into the reaction zone.

Abstract: A process for preparing C2 to C4 hydrocarbons includes introducing a feed stream into a reaction zone of a reactor, the feed stream comprising hydrogen gas and carbon monoxide. An additional stream is introduced into the reaction zone of the reactor, the additional stream comprising carbon dioxide. A combined stream that includes the feed stream and the additional stream is converted into a product stream comprising C2 to C4 hydrocarbons in the reaction zone in the presence of a hybrid catalyst. The hybrid catalyst includes a mixed metal oxide catalyst component, and a microporous catalyst component. The process operates at a gas hourly space velocity in excess of 2500 hr-1 and effectively yields a net carbon dioxide selectivity of less than 5.0% and a productivity of C2-C4 hydrocarbons greater than 75 g hydrocarbons per kilogram of catalyst per hour.

Abstract: A process for preparing C2 to C5 paraffins includes introducing a feed stream comprising hydrogen gas and a carbon-containing gas into a reaction zone of a reactor, and converting the feed stream into a product stream comprising C2 to C5 paraffins in the reaction zone in the presence of a hybrid catalyst. The hybrid catalyst includes a metal oxide catalyst component and a microporous catalyst component. The metal oxide catalyst component satisfies: an atomic ratio of Cu/Zn from 0.01 to 3.00; an atomic ratio of Cr/Zn from 0.01 to 1.50; and percentage of (Al+Cr) from greater than 0.0 at % to 50.0 at % based on a total amount of metal in the metal oxide catalyst component.

Abstract: A process for preparing C2 to C5 hydrocarbons includes introducing a feed stream into a reaction zone of a reactor, the feed stream including hydrogen gas and carbon monoxide. An additional stream is introduced into the reaction zone of the reactor, the additional stream comprising water, carbon dioxide, or mixtures thereof. A combined stream that includes the feed stream and the additional stream is converted into a product stream comprising C2 to C5 hydrocarbons in the reaction zone in the presence of a hybrid catalyst. The hybrid catalyst includes a metal oxide catalyst component, and a microporous catalyst component.

Abstract: A process for preparing C2 to C5 olefins includes introducing a feed stream comprising hydrogen and at least one carbon-containing component selected from the group consisting of CO, CO2, and mixtures thereof into a reaction zone. The feed stream is contacted with a hybrid catalyst in the reaction zone, and a product stream is formed that exits the reaction zone and includes C2 to C5 olefins. The hybrid catalyst includes a methanol synthesis component and a solid microporous acid component that is selected from molecular sieves having 8-MR access and having a framework type selected from the group consisting of CHA, AEI, AFX, ERI, LTA, UFI, RTH, and combinations thereof. The methanol synthesis component comprises a metal oxide support and a metal catalyst. The metal oxide support includes titania, zirconia, hafnia or mixtures thereof, and the metal catalyst includes zinc.

Abstract: A hybrid catalyst including a metal oxide catalyst component comprising chromium, zinc, and at least one additional metal selected from the group consisting of iron and manganese, and a microporous catalyst component that is a molecular sieve having 8-MR pore openings. The at least one additional metal is present in an amount from 5.0 at % to 20.0 at %.

Abstract: A method for separating CO2 from C2 to C5 alkanes includes introducing a first stream including C2 to C5 alkanes and CO2 into a first separation zone, the first separation zone including a hydrocarbon solvent, and separating the first stream into a recycle stream and a second stream in the first separation zone. The recycle stream including CO2 and one or more of CO, H2, and CH4, and the second stream including C2 to C5 alkanes. The method further includes introducing the second stream into a second separation zone, and separating the second stream into a third stream and a fourth stream, wherein the third stream includes C2 alkanes and the fourth stream includes C3 to C5 alkanes.

Abstract: A method for preparing C2 to C5 paraffins including introducing a feed stream of hydrogen gas and a carbon-containing gas selected from carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and mixtures thereof into a reaction zone of a reactor. Converting the feed stream into a product stream that includes C2 to C5 paraffins in the reaction zone in the presence of a hybrid catalyst. The hybrid catalyst including a microporous catalyst component; and a metal oxide catalyst component. The metal oxide catalyst component including a metal component present on a metal oxide support material. The metal oxide support material includes at least one oxide of a metal selected from Group 4 of the IUPAC periodic table of elements. The product stream has a C3/C2 carbon molar ratio greater than or equal to 4.0.

Abstract: A method for separating CO2 from C2 to C5 alkanes includes introducing a first stream including C2 to C5 alkanes and CO2 into a first separation zone, the first separation zone including a hydrocarbon solvent, and separating the first stream into a recycle stream and a second stream in the first separation zone. The recycle stream including CO2 and one or more of CO, H2, and CH4, and the second stream including C2 to C5 alkanes. The method further includes introducing the second stream into a second separation zone, and separating the second stream into a third stream and a fourth stream, wherein the third stream includes C2 alkanes and the fourth stream includes C3 to C5 alkanes.

Abstract: A process for preparing C2 to C5 paraffins includes introducing a feed stream comprising hydrogen gas and a carbon-containing gas into a reaction zone of a reactor, and converting the feed stream into a product stream comprising C2 to C5 paraffins in the reaction zone in the presence of a hybrid catalyst. The hybrid catalyst includes a metal oxide catalyst component and a microporous catalyst component. The metal oxide catalyst component satisfies: an atomic ratio of Cu/Zn from 0.01 to 3.00; an atomic ratio of Cr/Zn from 0.01 to 1.50; and percentage of (Al+Cr) from greater than 0.0 at % to 50.0 at % based on a total amount of metal in the metal oxide catalyst component.

Abstract: A method for preparing C2 to C5 paraffins includes introducing a feed stream including hydrogen gas and a carbon-containing gas selected from carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and mixtures thereof into a reaction zone of a reactor. Converting the feed stream into a product stream including C2 to C5 paraffins in the presence of a hybrid catalyst. The hybrid catalyst includes a microporous catalyst component; and a metal oxide catalyst component selected from (A) a bulk material consisting of gallium oxide, (B) gallium oxide present on a titanium dioxide support material, and (C) a mixture of gallium oxide and at least one promoter present on a support material selected from Group 4 of the IUPAC periodic table of elements.

Abstract: A process for preparing C2 to C5 hydrocarbons includes introducing a feed stream into a reaction zone of a reactor, the feed stream including hydrogen gas and carbon monoxide. An additional stream is introduced into the reaction zone of the reactor, the additional stream comprising water, carbon dioxide, or mixtures thereof. A combined stream that includes the feed stream and the additional stream is converted into a product stream comprising C2 to C5 hydrocarbons in the reaction zone in the presence of a hybrid catalyst. The hybrid catalyst includes a metal oxide catalyst component, and a microporous catalyst component.

Abstract: A process for converting a feed stream having carbon to C2 to C5 olefins, includes introducing a feed stream including methane and oxygen to a first reaction zone, reacting the methane and oxygen in the first reaction zone to form a first reaction zone product stream having a mixture of C2 to C5 alkanes, transporting the mixture of C2 to C5 alkanes to a second reaction zone, introducing a fresh stream of at least one of ethane and propane to the second reaction zone, converting the C2 to C5 alkanes to C2 to C5 olefins in the second reaction zone, producing one or more product streams in the second reaction zone, where a sum of the one or more product streams includes C2 to C5 olefins, and producing a recycle stream comprising hydrogen in the second reaction zone, where the recycle stream is transported to the first reaction zone.

Abstract: A process for preparing C2 to C5 paraffins includes introducing a feed stream comprising hydrogen gas and a carbon-containing gas into a reaction zone of a reactor, and converting the feed stream into a product stream comprising C2 to C5 paraffins in the reaction zone in the presence of a hybrid catalyst. The hybrid catalyst includes a metal oxide catalyst component and a microporous catalyst component. The metal oxide catalyst component satisfies: an atomic ratio of Cu/Zn from 0.01 to 3.00; an atomic ratio of Cr/Zn from 0.01 to 1.50; and percentage of (Al+Cr) from greater than 0.0 at % to 50.0 at % based on a total amount of metal in the metal oxide catalyst component.

Abstract: A process for preparing C2 to C5 olefins includes introducing a feed stream comprising hydrogen and at least one carbon-containing component selected from the group consisting of CO, CO2, and mixtures thereof into a reaction zone. The feed stream is contacted with a hybrid catalyst in the reaction zone, and a product stream is formed that exits the reaction zone and includes C2 to C5 olefins. The hybrid catalyst includes a methanol synthesis component and a solid microporous acid component that is selected from molecular sieves having 8-MR access and having a framework type selected from the group consisting of CHA, AEI, AFX, ERI, LTA, UFI, RTH, and combinations thereof. The methanol synthesis component comprises a metal oxide support and a metal catalyst. The metal oxide support includes titania, zirconia, hafnia or mixtures thereof, and the metal catalyst includes zinc.