Abstract: The invention provides a system and method for determining fluid flow in a fluid pipe network. One or more markers are installed a various locations on the pipe network. Each marker generates an alteration in one or both of an initial fluid flow and an initial fluid pressure at the marking location of the marker. The alteration is characterized by one or more parameters whose values are indicative of one or both of the initial fluid flow and the initial fluid pressure at the marking location of the marker. One or more sensors are also installed on the network that detect one or both of a fluid pressure or a fluid flow rate at one or more sensing locations in the pipe network and generate a signal indicative of one or both of the fluid pressure and the fluid flow rate at the sensing location of the sensor. A processor analyzes the signal generated by each sensor to determine one or both of the initial fluid flow rate and initial fluid pressure at the marking locations.

Abstract: The invention provides a system and method for determining fluid flow in a fluid pipe network. One or more markers are installed a various locations on the pipe network. Each marker generates an alteration in one or both of an initial fluid flow and an initial fluid pressure at the marking location of the marker. The alteration is characterized by one or more parameters whose values are indicative of one or both of the initial fluid flow and the initial fluid pressure at the marking location of the marker. One or more sensors are also installed on the network that detect one or both of a fluid pressure or a fluid flow rate at one or more sensing locations in the pipe network and generate a signal indicative of one or both of the fluid pressure and the fluid flow rate at the sensing location of the sensor. A processor analyzes the signal generated by each sensor to determine one or both of the initial fluid flow rate and initial fluid pressure at the marking locations.

Abstract: An antenna array and signal preprocessing apparatus and method. The antenna array is a quadrature polarized array having two orthogonal electric dipoles and two orthogonal magnetic dipoles. The preprocessor is for preprocessing signals from the antenna, for obtaining spatial spectrum information for signal source location. The preprocessor comprises an autocorrelator, connected after said input, for forming signal autocorrelation matrices for each element, and an smoother, connected after said autocorrelator, for averaging said autocorrelation matrices, thereby to form a sample covariance matrix suitable for use in a Eigenstructure based estimator for estimating source localization.