Abstract: The invention relates to distributed ledger technologies such as consensus-based blockchains, for example, a Bitcoin blockchain. Computer-implemented methods for a trustless, deterministic state machine that is embodied by the locking script of a spending transaction are described. The spending transaction transfers control of at least one digital asset or portion thereof. The spending transaction references a previous transaction that includes a locking script with a bytecode sequence. The spending transaction also includes a locking script with the same bytecode sequence. The spending transaction can be validated by verifying that the bytecode sequences of the locking scripts of the spending and previous transactions match one another. Control of the at least one digital asset or portion thereof can be transferred as a result of execution of the locking script. For example, the locking script can impose a set of conditions for validation of the spending transaction.

Abstract: Computer-implemented methods are provided that create and validate a spending blockchain transaction created by a node in a blockchain network and including a locking script representing an instance of an execution thread joined from a plurality of execution threads represented at least one previous blockchain transaction. The spending blockchain also represents an execution thread joined from the execution thread instances pointed to by the spending blockchain transaction. Once created and validated, the spending blockchain transaction can be communicated on a blockchain network for storage in a blockchain ledger. The blockchain transactions can implement thread-specific locking scripts and associated fork, join and barrier constructs for concurrent or asynchronous threads of execution. The blockchain transactions can be validated according to constraints of a smart contract that encodes the terms for the blockchain transactions.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method of partitioning a blockchain network into shards is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of identifying a transaction id of a blockchain transaction and allocating the transaction to a shard based on the transaction id.

Abstract: Trustless deterministic state machines can be implemented using a blockchain infrastructure and state machines can run concurrently over more than one blockchain transaction. The transactions can be done in a Bitcoin blockchain ledger. An unlocking transaction constraint that constrains an unlocking transaction to include a transaction input that references a previous transaction output is determined. A redeemable transaction is created to include a transaction output that includes an amount and a transaction locking script that includes the unlocking transaction constraint, with unlocking the amount being contingent upon execution of at least one unlocking script of the unlocking transaction satisfying the unlocking transaction constraint. The redeemable transaction is caused to be validated at a node of a blockchain network.

Abstract: The invention relates to distributed ledger technologies such as consensus-based blockchains. Computer-implemented methods for locking and unlocking blockchain transactions are described. The invention is implemented using a blockchain network. A first unlocking script of the unlocking blockchain transaction is configured to unlock a first locking script, wherein the first locking script is configured, when executed together with the first unlocking script, to determine, based on the first locking script and a constraint for verifying the unlocking blockchain transaction. Verifying the unlocking blockchain transaction is based on a set of constraints and corresponding field of the unlocking blockchain transaction, wherein data is based on the set of constraints. Providing data at the corresponding field of the unlocking blockchain transaction. Finally, making the unlocking blockchain transaction available to one or more nodes of a blockchain network.

Abstract: The invention relates to distributed ledger technologies such as consensus-based blockchains, for example, a Bitcoin blockchain. Computer-implemented methods for a trustless, deterministic state machine that is embodied by the locking script of a spending transaction are described. The spending transaction transfers control of at least one digital asset or portion thereof. The spending transaction references a previous transaction that includes a locking script with a bytecode sequence. The spending transaction also includes a locking script with the same bytecode sequence. The spending transaction can be validated by verifying that the bytecode sequences of the locking scripts of the spending and previous transactions match one another. Control of the at least one digital asset or portion thereof can be transferred as a result of execution of the locking script. For example, the locking script can impose a set of conditions for validation of the spending transaction.

Abstract: Trustless deterministic state machines can be implemented using a blockchain infrastructure and state machines can run concurrently over more than one blockchain transaction. The transactions can be done in a Bitcoin blockchain ledger. A first set of constraints on a first unlocking transaction output is determined. A second set of constraints on a second unlocking transaction output is determined. An initial transaction is created to include at least one initial locking script that includes the first set of constraints and the second set of constraints and at least one redeemable value, with unlocking the at least one redeemable value being contingent upon the first set of constraints being satisfied, at least in part, by validating that a unlocking transaction includes the first transaction output, and the second set of constraints being satisfied, at least in part, by validating that the unlocking transaction includes the second transaction output.

Abstract: There may be provided a computer-implemented method. It may be implemented using a blockchain network such as, for example, the Bitcoin network. The computer-implemented method includes: i) receiving, at a node in a blockchain network, a first transaction associated with a digital asset, the first transaction including a first script that specifies a set of constraints on a second transaction to transfer control of the digital asset, the set of constraints including a constraint that a set of data obtained by the node includes information obtained from a blockchain associated with the blockchain network; ii) obtaining the second transaction, the second transaction including a second script that, as a result of being executed, causes the node to obtain the set of data; and iii) validating the second transaction by executing the first script and the second script.

Abstract: The invention relates to distributed ledger technologies such as consensus-based blockchains. Computer-implemented methods for locking blockchain transactions are described. The invention is implemented using a blockchain network. A first locking script is configured in a blockchain network. The first locking script is executed together with a first unlocking script, based on data obtained by executing the first unlocking script and a set of constraints. Verification that a first set of field values of the unlocking blockchain transaction is obtained by executing the first unlocking script and the set of constraints against the unlocking blockchain transaction. Validating the unlocking blockchain transaction according to the set of constraints. Finally, making the locking blockchain transaction available to one or more nodes of the blockchain network.

Abstract: Trustless deterministic state machines can be implemented using a blockchain infrastructure and state machines can run concurrently over more than one blockchain transaction. Disclosed herein are processes, apparatuses, and articles of manufacture to create, at a node, a first transaction that includes 1) a first output having a first spendable value and a first locking script and 2) a second output having a second spendable value and a second locking script. Included, in the first locking script, is a first set of constraints on a first selected transaction output. Included, in the second locking script, a second set of constraints on a second selected transaction output. Furthermore, either the first set of constraints or the second set of constraints is configured to impose a constraint on a locking script of a spending transaction having as a spending transaction output the first selected transaction output or the second selected transaction output.

Abstract: There may be provided a computer-implemented method. It may be implemented using a blockchain network. The computer-implemented method includes: i) receiving, at a node in a blockchain network, a first transaction associated with a digital asset, the first transaction including a locking script that specifies a set of constraints on a second transaction to transfer control of the digital asset, one of the constraints being associated with a set of data; ii) obtaining the second transaction, the second transaction including an unlocking script that, as a result of being executed, causes the node to obtain the set of data; and iii) validating the second transaction by executing the locking script and the unlocking script.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for causing an injection of a serialized set of field values of an unlocking transaction into a locking script are described. The methods and systems are implemented using a blockchain network. A first transaction to validate is received at a node in the blockchain network. The first transaction includes a first script that includes a set of field values of the first transaction and, as a result of being executed, causes the node to obtain a set of field values. A second transaction is obtained, with the second transaction having been validated. The second transaction includes a second script that, as a result of being executed, causes the node to generate a signature based at least in part on the set of field values supplied as a result of execution of the first script.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method includes: i) receiving, at a node in a blockchain network, a first transaction associated with a digital asset, the first transaction specifying at least: a) a first set of constraints on a second transaction to transfer control of the digital asset, the first set of constraints including one or more constraints that cause the second transaction to contain a set of data from the blockchain network; and b) a second set of constraints on the second transaction, the second set of constraints including a constraint that the set of data includes a block that includes the first transaction, the block included in a blockchain associated with the blockchain network; ii) verifying that the first set of constraints and the second set of constraints are satisfied; and iii) transferring control of the digital asset based at least in part on the verifying.

Abstract: Techniques presented are related to distributed ledge technologies such as consensus-based blockchains. The methods and systems of the present disclosure are provided for causing receiving, at a node in a blockchain network, a first transaction to validate, the first transaction including a first script that at least: includes a set of field values of the first transaction; and causes, as a result of being executed, the node to obtain the set of field values; obtaining a second transaction, the second transaction having been validated and including a second script that, as a result of being executed, causes the node to at least generate a signature based at least in part on a private cryptographic key and a mask number; and validating the first transaction by executing the first script and the second script.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method using a blockchain network includes: i) receiving, at a node in a blockchain network, a first transaction associated with a digital asset, the first transaction specifying at least: a) a first set of constraints on a second transaction to transfer control of the digital asset, the first set of constraints including one or more constraints that cause the second transaction to contain a set of data from the blockchain network; and b) a second set of constraints on the second transaction, the second set of constraints including a constraint that the set of data includes a block that includes the first transaction, the block included in a blockchain associated with the blockchain network; ii) verifying that the first set of constraints and the second set of constraints are satisfied; and iii) transferring control of the digital asset based at least in part on the verifying.

Abstract: The invention relates to distributed ledge technologies such as consensus-based blockchains. Computer-implemented methods for a secure random number generation within blockchain scripts are described. The invention is implemented using a blockchain network, which may be, for example, a Bitcoin blockchain. A first transaction that includes a puzzle is validated at a node in a blockchain network, with the first transaction being associated with a digital asset, and with a solution to the puzzle being indeterminable at a time of validation of the first transaction. A pseudorandom number, based at least in part on a solution to the puzzle that is included in a second transaction, is generated at least in part by validating the second transaction, the second transaction created to transfer control of the digital asset associated with the first transaction. Control of the digital asset is transferred based at least in part on the pseudorandom number.

Abstract: The invention relates to distributed ledge technologies such as consensus-based blockchains. Computer-implemented methods for a trustless, deterministic state machine are described. The invention is implemented using a blockchain network, which may be, for example, a Bitcoin blockchain. A first transaction validate is received at a node in a blockchain network. The first transaction includes a first script that, as a result of being executed, causes the node to at least obtain a first set of field values of the first transaction, a second set of field values of a second transaction, and an input. The second transaction is obtained.

Abstract: Trustless deterministic state machines can be implemented using a blockchain infrastructure and state machines can run concurrently over more than one blockchain transaction. The transactions can be done in a Bitcoin blockchain ledger. An unlocking transaction constraint that constrains an unlocking transaction to include a transaction input that references a previous transaction output is determined. A redeemable transaction is created to include a transaction output that includes an amount and a transaction locking script that includes the unlocking transaction constraint, with unlocking the amount being contingent upon execution of at least one unlocking script of the unlocking transaction satisfying the unlocking transaction constraint. The redeemable transaction is caused to be validated at a node of a blockchain network.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method of validating a blockchain transaction is disclosed. The method comprises requesting at least one UTXO referenced by at least one respective input of the transaction from a member node of at least one shard comprising at least one UTXO, obtaining validity data of at least one UTXO from at least one node, and performing a validation check on at least one input using the validity data.

Abstract: Techniques are provided for causing an injection of a serialized previous transaction into a locking script. A first script, of a first transaction to be validated, causes a node to at least obtain a first set of field values corresponding to the first transaction and obtain a second set of field values corresponding to a particular transaction. A second script, included in a second transaction, causes the node to at least obtain the first set of field values and the second set of field values of the particular transaction supplied as a result of execution of the first script, extract a transaction identifier from the first set of field values, and determine, based at least in part on the second set of field values, that the particular transaction corresponds to the transaction identifier. The first transaction is validated by executing the first script and the second script.