Abstract: Described herein are aspherical hollow silica particles, processes for making aspherical hollow silica particles, and uses of aspherical hollow silica particles in sun care compositions. To form the aspherical hollow silica particles, deposition of a silica shell on a calcium carbonate template using a sol-gel chemistry is employed. Subsequent dissolution of the calcium carbonate template forms voids (e.g., a hollow interior) in the aspherical hollow silica particles.

Abstract: A method of forming a carbon molecular sieve membrane includes dissolving a halogenated precursor polymer in a solvent, thereby forming a dissolved halogenated precursor polymer. Homogeneously dehydrohalogenating the dissolved halogenated precursor polymer with an organic amine base to form a partially dehydrohalogenated polymer. Forming a thin film from the partially dehydrohalogenated polymer. Pyrolyzing the thin film to form the carbon molecular sieve membrane.

Abstract: A process for preparing C2 to C3 hydrocarbons may include introducing a feed stream including hydrogen gas and a carbon-containing gas comprising carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and mixtures thereof into a reaction zone of a reactor, and converting the feed stream into a product stream comprising C2 to C3 hydrocarbons in the reaction zone in the presence of a hybrid catalyst. The hybrid catalyst may include a metal oxide catalyst component and a microporous catalyst component comprising 8-MR pore openings and may be derived from a natural mineral, the product stream comprises a combined C2 and C3 selectivity greater than 40 carbon mol%.

Abstract: A process for preparing C2 to C3 hydrocarbons may include introducing a feed stream including hydrogen gas and a carbon-containing gas comprising carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and mixtures thereof into a reaction zone of a reactor, and converting the feed stream into a product stream comprising C2 to C3 hydrocarbons in the reaction zone in the presence of a hybrid catalyst. The hybrid catalyst may include a metal oxide catalyst component and a microporous catalyst component comprising 8-MR pore openings less than or equal to 5.1 A and a cage defining ring size less than or equal to 7.45 A, where a C2/C3 carbon molar ratio of the product stream is greater than or equal to 0.7.

Abstract: A process for preparing a microcapillary carbon molecular sieve membrane may include extruding a polyvinylidene chloride polymer to a thickness from 10 ?m to 1,000 ?m to form an extruded polymeric microcapillary film, wherein the extruded polymeric microcapillary film comprises a first end, a second end, and one or more microcapillaries extending from the first end to the second end; pre-treating the extruded polymeric microcapillary film at a temperature from 100° C. to 200° C. for a time from 1 hour to 48 hours to form a pre-treated polymeric microcapillary film; and pyrolizing the pre-treated polymeric microcapillary film at a temperature from 200° C. to 1,500° C. for a time from 15 minutes to 5 hours to form the microcapillary carbon molecular sieve membrane.

Abstract: A catalyst support for manufacturing a mixture of alcohols from synthesis gas comprises a combination of nickel, molybdenum, at least one metal selected from the group consisting of palladium, ruthenium, chromium, gold, zirconium, and aluminum, and at least one of an alkali metal or alkaline earth series metal as a promoter. The catalyst may be used in a process for converting synthesis gas wherein the primary product is a mixture of ethanol (EtOH), propanol (PrOH), and butanol (BuOH), optionally in conjunction with higher alcohols.

Abstract: Catalyst compositions for producing mixed alcohols from a synthesis gas feed. The catalyst composition comprises a catalytic metal combination on a catalyst support, a first optional promoter and a second optional promoter, where the catalytic metal combination consists essentially of iridium, vanadium, and molybdenum.

Abstract: A process for preparing a molybdenum sulfide-based catalyst comprises drying a precipitated molybdenum sulfide-based catalyst precursor, for example, a wet filter cake, such that a particulate catalyst precursor, containing from 12 to 15 percent by weight water, is formed. The particulate catalyst precursor is desirably in the form of free-flowing particles. The particulate catalyst precursor is then auto-reduced. A rotary furnace that subjects the catalyst precursor to at least two zones having distinct temperatures may be conveniently used for drying, auto-reduction, or both. The staged drying and auto-reduction steps reduce the tendency of the precursor to self-heat, which is undesirable because it reduces both the activity and selectivity of the final catalyst.

Abstract: Oxidatively halogenate methane by placing a feedstream that comprises methane, a source of halogen, a source of oxygen and, optionally, a source of diluent gas in contact with a first catalyst (e.g. a solid super acid or a solid super base) that has greater selectivity to methyl halide and carbon monoxide than to methylene halide, trihalomethane or carbon tetrahalide. Improve overall selectivity to methyl halide by using a second catalyst that converts at least part of the feedstream to a mixture of methyl halide, methylene halide, trihalomethane, carbon tetrahalide and unreacted oxygen, and placing that mixture in contact with the first catalyst which converts at least a portion of the methylene halide, trihalomethane and carbon tetrahalide to carbon monoxide, hydrogen halide and water.

Abstract: Described is an enhanced partially-aminated metal-organic framework comprising, or prepared from, metal cations and a synergistically effective ratio of a multi-carboxylic acid and an amino-substituted derivative of the multi-carboxylic acid, or the acceptable salts thereof, or any combination thereof; a manufactured article comprising the enhanced partially-aminated metal-organic framework; a method of preparing the enhanced partially-aminated metal-organic framework, and a method of using the enhanced partially-aminated metal-organic framework for separating carbon dioxide gas or other acid gas from an ad rem gas mixture.

Abstract: A catalyst for manufacturing a mixture of alcohols from synthesis gas comprises a combination of nickel, molybdenum, at least one metal selected from the group consisting of palladium, ruthenium, chromium, gold, zirconium, and aluminium, and at least one of an alkali metal or alkaline earth series metal as a promoter. The catalyst may be used in a process for converting synthesis gas wherein the primary product is a mixture of ethanol (EtOH), propanol (PrOH), and butanol (BuOH), optionally in conjunction with higher alcohols.

Abstract: Use a transition metal-containing, Anderson-type heteropoly compound catalyst to convert synthesis gas to an oxygenate, especially an alcohol that contains from one carbon atom to six carbon atoms.

Abstract: Use a transition metal-containing, Anderson-type heteropoly compound catalyst to convert synthesis gas to an oxygenate, especially an alcohol that contains from one carbon atom to six carbon atoms.

Abstract: A membrane for separation of gases, the membrane including a metal-organic phase and a polymeric phase, the metal-organic phase having porous crystalline metal compounds and ligands, the polymeric phase having a molecularly self assembling polymer.

Abstract: Catalyst compositions for producing mixed alcohols from a synthesis gas feed. The catalyst composition comprises a catalytic metal combination on a catalyst support, a first optional promoter and a second optional promoter, where the catalytic metal combination consists essentially of iridium, vanadium, and molybdenum.

Abstract: A supported catalyst composition suitable for use in converting synthesis gas to alcohols comprises a catalytic metal, a catalyst promoter and a catalyst support.

Abstract: Oxidatively halogenate methane by placing a feedstream that comprises methane, a source of halogen, a source of oxygen and, optionally, a source of diluent gas in contact with a first catalyst (e.g. a solid super acid or a solid super base) that has greater selectivity to methyl halide and carbon monoxide than to methylene halide, trihalomethane or carbon tetrahalide. Improve overall selectivity to methyl halide by using a second catalyst that converts at least part of the feedstream to a mixture of methyl halide, methylene halide, trihalomethane, carbon tetrahalide and unreacted oxygen, and placing that mixture in contact with the first catalyst which converts at least a portion of the methylene halide, trihalomethane and carbon tetrahalide to carbon monoxide, hydrogen halide and water.

Abstract: The present invention is a nanocomposite which is a dispersion of nanofiller particles derived from layered metal oxides or metal oxide salts. The nanocomposite is advantageously prepared by first swelling an untreated clay in water, then removing the water to form an organophilic clay that is dispersible in non-polar organic solvents. The organophilic clay can then be treated with an alkyl aluminoxane and subsequently a catalyst to form a complex that promotes olefin or styrenic polymerization and platelet dispersion. The nanocomposite can be prepared directly by in situ polymerization of the olefin or the styrene at the nanofiller particles without shear, without an ion exchange step, and without the need to incorporate polar substituents into the polyolefin or polystyrene.

Abstract: A process of modifying the porosity of an aluminosilicate or silica whose porosity is not amenable to modification by acid extraction. The process involves contacting said aluminosilicate or silica with an alkali aluminate, and then extracting the aluminate-treated material with an extraction agent so as to form the porosity-modified aluminosilicate or silica. The process is applicable to zeolites which are unreactive under acid extraction conditions, e.g. ferrierite, and applicable to zeolites which are structurally unstable under acid extraction conditions, such as the mineral bikitaite. Mesoporous compositions are disclosed, including a mesoporous ferrierite and a mesoporous zeolite DCM-3.

Abstract: A process of preparing a crystalline porous solid selected from silicas and metallosilicates, such as, aluminosilicate zeolites or clathrasils. The process involves preparing a reaction mixture containing ammonia; water in a controlled concentration; a (hydrocarbyl)ammonium polysilicate hydrate salt; a mineralizer, such as ammonium fluoride; optionally, a source of a metal oxide, such as aluminum nitride; and optionally, a source of a charge-balancing cation or a structure directing agent; and maintaining the mixture at a temperature and for a time so as to produce the crystalline porous solid. A novel silica which is isostructural with zeolite P1 is prepared. Also prepared are a novel silica which is isostructural with zeolite beta and a novel TMA sodalite having a silica/alumina molar ratio between 12 and about 20.