Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods of administering bispecific antibodies and antigen-binding fragments thereof that specifically bind to human Programmed cell-death-1 (PD-1) and Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) to a subject in need thereof, for example, a subject with cancer.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are devices and methods for measuring the effect of chemokines and electric fields on cell migration. This approach is inherently non-contact and does not require injection of current. For example, disclosed herein is a device for assessing cell migration that comprises a cell migration chamber and an electromagnet positioned to produce a uniform electric field across the length of the chamber. Also disclosed is a method for assaying a cell that involves loading cells into the disclosed device along with a chemokine in an amount to produce a chemokine gradient, activating the electromagnet to produce an electric field across the cell migration chamber, and imaging the cells to measure the dual effect of the chemokine and the electric field on the cells.