Abstract: A packet transmission method and apparatus, and a system. The method includes: after receiving a first packet, a first device determines, based on a condition met by a first number carried in the first packet, a manner of sending the first packet. When the first number of the first packet meets a first condition, a second device determines a second cycle label corresponding to a first cycle label and sends the first packet to a third device in a cycle corresponding to the second cycle label. When the first number of the first packet meets a second condition, the second device determines a third cycle label corresponding to the first cycle label and sends the first packet to the third device in a cycle corresponding to the third cycle label.

Abstract: This application provides a route information processing method, a communication apparatus, and a communication network, applied to the communication technology field. The route information processing method is used on a target node in a first network. The first network is addressed based on a tree first topology structure, and an address of a child node in the first topology structure includes an address of a parent node. Therefore, a node in the first network may calculate a route based on a destination address. When a topology structure of the first network is updated from the first topology structure to a second topology structure, and a connection relationship of a first node changes, the target node in the first network may add route information destined for the first node, so that the target node can still correctly address the first node and a descendant node of the first node.

Abstract: A method includes: a first node obtains an address of a second node based on an address of the first node, where the address of the first node includes m bits, where the address of the second node includes m+n bits, where high-order m bits of the address of the second node are the same as low-order m bits of the address of the first node, and where m and n each are an integer greater than 0; and the first node sends the address of the second node to the second node.

Abstract: This application provides an address processing method and a network device. The method includes: obtaining, by a first network device, an address; determining, by the first network device, a length of a valid address of the address, where the valid address of the address is a 1st bit, whose bit value is 1, of the address to a last bit of the address; and adding, by the first network device when the length of the valid address of the address is less than a table width of a target table, S zeros before the valid address of the address to obtain an adjusted address, and processing the adjusted address based on the adjusted address and the target table, where S is a difference between the table width of the target table and the length of the valid address of the address.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide a packet transmission method, and a communications apparatus and system. The method includes: generating a packet based on address information of forwarding nodes on a packet forwarding path, where the packet includes a first indication field, the first indication field is used to indicate a compressed first element and a compressed second element, the first element and the second element are address information of different forwarding nodes, and different address compression manners are used for the first element and the second element; and sending the packet.

Abstract: This application provides a mapping relationship updating method, applied to deterministic networking. The method includes: A first device sequentially obtains a first packet and a second packet that are sent by a second device; the first device determines a first time difference between a time at which the first packet is received and a time at which the second packet is received; and if the first device determines that the first time difference is not within a preset range, the first device updates a period-based mapping relationship.

Abstract: The application provide a packet sending method, a router, and a service switching entity. According to the application, a router determines a flow group identifier of a service packet and information about a next-hop service switching entity according to a user identifier and IP 5-tuple information; and forwards the packet to the next-hop service switching entity according to the information about the next-hop service switching entity, so that the next-hop service switching entity determines a corresponding destination service instance according to the user identifier, the flow group identifier, a router identifier, and a processing result, and forwards the packet to the destination service instance, to perform corresponding service processing, thereby implementing service packet forwarding among service instances. The router in the method provided in the embodiments has a flow steering function, and steers a flow to a specified path to perform node-by-node processing.

Abstract: A packet transmission method and apparatus, and a system. The method includes: after receiving a first packet, a first device determines, based on a condition met by a first number carried in the first packet, a manner of sending the first packet. When the first number of the first packet meets a first condition, a second device determines a second cycle label corresponding to a first cycle label and sends the first packet to a third device in a cycle corresponding to the second cycle label. When the first number of the first packet meets a second condition, the second device determines a third cycle label corresponding to the first cycle label and sends the first packet to the third device in a cycle corresponding to the third cycle label.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide network traffic marking and measurement methods and a node, and relate to the field of communications technologies, and specifically, to network traffic measurement and network traffic distribution. The network traffic measurement method includes: receiving, by a second node, a data packet sent by another node in a network, where the data packet is periodically marked by the another node, and each node has a different period of marking a data packet. According to the application, the second node may distinguish, based on the period of marking the data packet, traffic sent by the another node in the network, to obtain network traffic sent by the another node in the network to the second node. Upon implementing the traffic measurement method, data plane overheads can be reduced, and a hardware implementation process is simplified.

Abstract: A communication method and a communications device, so that both a location and a length of information carried in a data packet header are flexible and variable, the length does not need to be fixed, and the location does not need to be specified. Compared with a conventional protocol, the communication method has stronger flexibility and higher scalability. The method includes: obtaining, by a first device, a data packet, where the data packet includes a first packet header, the first packet header includes first indication information and a value of first packet header information, the first indication information is used to indicate a location of the value of the first packet header information, and the first packet header information is device identification information; and processing, by the first device, the data packet.

Abstract: This application provides a packet sending method, applied to a communications system including at least two nodes, the at least two nodes include at least one parent node having a child node, a packet sent by the child node is forwarded by the parent node, and the method includes: receiving, by a first node, first instruction information, where the first instruction information is used to instruct the first node to send a packet after a first moment, and the first node is a parent node; and sending, by the first node, a first packet according to the first instruction information.

Abstract: This application provides a packet processing method and apparatus, to avoid chain impact of an abnormal packet caused by an abnormal underlying latency on an uncertain target flow. The method includes: receiving, by a first device, a first packet sent by a second device, where the first packet carries a first label, and the first label is determined based on a cycle in which the second device sends the first packet; determining, by the first device based on the first label, whether the first packet is a normal packet; if determining that the first packet is a normal packet, determining, by the first device, a second packet based on the first packet, where the second packet carries a second label; and sending, by the first device, the second packet to a third device in a first cycle, where the second label is determined based on the first cycle.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a packet processing method, including: receiving, by a first node, a first packet, where the first packet carries a first bit string, the first bit string includes M bit sets, each bit set corresponds to one node group, a value of the bit set is used to indicate whether one or more target nodes of the first packet include the corresponding node group; and determining, by the first node based on the first bit string and a second bit string, whether to send the first packet to a second node, where the second bit string includes N bit sets, each bit set corresponds to one node group, a value of the bit set is used to indicate whether a node belonging to the corresponding node group exists in one or more related nodes of the first node.

Abstract: This application provides an address processing method and a network device. The method includes: obtaining, by a first network device, an address; determining, by the first network device, a length of a valid address of the address, where the valid address of the address is a 1st bit, whose bit value is 1, of the address to a last bit of the address; and adding, by the first network device when the length of the valid address of the address is less than a table width of a target table, S zeros before the valid address of the address to obtain an adjusted address, and processing the adjusted address based on the adjusted address and the target table, where S is a difference between the table width of the target table and the length of the valid address of the address.

Abstract: This application provides a resource reservation method and an apparatus. The method includes: receiving, by a node, a first message, where the first message carries a bandwidth value r1 of a resource requested to be reserved and a quantity Q1 of cycles occupied by the resource, the node maintains resource reservation states in K cycles, K is a positive integer, and Q1 is less than or equal to K; and updating, by the node, resource reservation states in Q1 of the K cycles based on the bandwidth value r1 and the quantity Q1. The node maintains the resource reservation states at a granularity of cycles. Therefore, the resource reservation states that need to be maintained by the node do not depend on a quantity of data flows processed by the node, and a performance requirement of a resource reservation for the node can be lowered.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide a packet transmission method, and a communications apparatus and system. The method includes: generating a packet based on address information of forwarding nodes on a packet forwarding path, where the packet includes a first indication field, the first indication field is used to indicate a compressed first element and a compressed second element, the first element and the second element are address information of different forwarding nodes, and different address compression manners are used for the first element and the second element; and sending the packet.

Abstract: The application provide a packet sending method, a router, and a service switching entity. According to the application, a router determines a flow group identifier of a service packet and information about a next-hop service switching entity according to a user identifier and IP 5-tuple information; and forwards the packet to the next-hop service switching entity according to the information about the next-hop service switching entity, so that the next-hop service switching entity determines a corresponding destination service instance according to the user identifier, the flow group identifier, a router identifier, and a processing result, and forwards the packet to the destination service instance, to perform corresponding service processing, thereby implementing service packet forwarding among service instances. The router in the method provided in the embodiments has a flow steering function, and steers a flow to a specified path to perform node-by-node processing.

Abstract: This application provides a communication method and a communications device, so that both a location and a length of information carried in a data packet header are flexible and variable, the length does not need to be fixed, and the location does not need to be specified. Compared with a conventional protocol, the communication method has stronger flexibility and higher scalability. The method includes: obtaining, by a first device, a data packet, where the data packet includes a first packet header, the first packet header includes first indication information and a value of first packet header information, the first indication information is used to indicate a location of the value of the first packet header information, and the first packet header information is device identification information; and processing, by the first device, the data packet.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a packet processing method, including: receiving, by a first node, a first packet, where the first packet carries a first bit string, the first bit string includes M bit sets, each bit set corresponds to one node group, a value of the bit set is used to indicate whether one or more target nodes of the first packet include the corresponding node group; and determining, by the first node based on the first bit string and a second bit string, whether to send the first packet to a second node, where the second bit string includes N bit sets, each bit set corresponds to one node group, a value of the bit set is used to indicate whether a node belonging to the corresponding node group exists in one or more related nodes of the first node.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide network traffic marking and measurement methods and a node, and relate to the field of communications technologies, and specifically, to network traffic measurement and network traffic distribution. The network traffic measurement method includes: receiving, by a second node, a data packet sent by another node in a network, where the data packet is periodically marked by the another node, and each node has a different period of marking a data packet. According to the application, the second node may distinguish, based on the period of marking the data packet, traffic sent by the another node in the network, to obtain network traffic sent by the another node in the network to the second node. Upon implementing the traffic measurement method, data plane overheads can be reduced, and a hardware implementation process is simplified.