Abstract: Aqueous composition for caring for and/or making up keratin materials comprising a fatty acid monoester, a fatty acid salt, a pullulan and a polyol The present application relates to a composition comprising, notably in a physiologically acceptable medium: (1) at least one linear fatty acid monoester of formula (I) below: R1—O—R2??(I) wherein R1 and R2 are linear and saturated and have, independently of one another, a number of carbon atoms greater than or equal to 20, with R1 representing an acyl radical, and R2 representing an alkyl radical, and (2) at least one fatty acid having from 14 carbon atoms to less than 20 carbon atoms, and (3) at least one base capable of at least partially neutralizing said fatty acid, and (4) at least one pullulan, and (5) at least one polyol, and (6) water; said composition containing less than 5.0% by weight of wax(es).