Abstract: A chip-scale ultrasensitive ring laser gyroscope that utilizes the physics of exceptional points. By exploiting the properties of such non-Hermitian degeneracies, the rotation-induced frequency splitting becomes proportional to the square root of the gyration speed (?1/2), thus enhancing the sensitivity to low angular rotations by orders of magnitudes. At its maximum sensitivity limit, the measurable spectral splitting is independent of the radius of the cavity rings involved. Binary and ternary systems and associated methods are described.

Abstract: An optical fiber system including an optical fiber and an optical grating is provided. The optical fiber is configured to support M mode groups, where differences in effective refractive index between adjacent mode groups are substantially equal. The optical grating is optically coupled to the optical fiber, and has a period inversely proportional to the difference in effective refractive index between adjacent mode groups. The optical grating is configured to couple all adjacent mode groups in the optical fiber.

Abstract: A chip-scale ultrasensitive ring laser gyroscope that utilizes the physics of exceptional points. By exploiting the properties of such non-Hermitian degeneracies, the rotation-induced frequency splitting becomes proportional to the square root of the gyration speed (?1/2), thus enhancing the sensitivity to low angular rotations by orders of magnitudes. At its maximum sensitivity limit, the measurable spectral splitting is independent of the radius of the cavity rings involved. Binary and ternary systems and associated methods are described.

Abstract: An optical circulator is a device that routes optical pulses from port to port in a predetermined manner, e.g. in a 3-port optical circulator, optical pulses entering port 1 are routed out of port 2, while optical pulses entering port 2 exit out of port 3 and optical pulses fed into port 3 exit out of port 3. Currently such an optical circulator is made of discrete components such as magnetooptic garnets, rare-earth magnets and optical polarizers that are packaged together with fiber optic elements. Disclosed herein is a different kind of optical circulator that is monolithically integrated on a single semiconductor substrate and that is applicable for the routing of optical pulses. The embodied invention will enable photonic integrated circuits to incorporate on-chip optical circulator functionality thereby allowing much more complex optical designs to be implemented monolithically.

Abstract: An optical circulator is a device that routes optical pulses from port to port in a predetermined manner, e.g. in a 3-port optical circulator, optical pulses entering port 1 are routed out of port 2, while optical pulses entering port 2 exit out of port 3 and optical pulses fed into port 3 exit out of port 3. Currently such an optical circulator is made of discrete components such as magnetooptic garnets, rare-earth magnets and optical polarizers that are packaged together with fiber optic elements. Disclosed herein is a different kind of optical circulator that is monolithically integrated on a single semiconductor substrate and that is applicable for the routing of optical pulses. The embodied invention will enable photonic integrated circuits to incorporate on-chip optical circulator functionality thereby allowing much more complex optical designs to be implemented monolithically.