Abstract: The invention relates to a method of cooling a metal strip traveling through a cooling section in a continuous heat treatment line. In accordance with the invention, the method consists in projecting a refrigerant medium into the cooling section (4) onto the surface of the strip (1) to be cooled, the medium being constituted for the most part by a phase-change substance that passes into the gaseous phase at a temperature that is lower than the temperature of the strip (1) and without oxidizing said strip so that energy is exchanged within an endothermic process by a change in the phase of said phase-change substance.

Abstract: The invention provides a method and a system for extracting a substance comprised in a gaseous mixture, the extraction being carried out in a cyclic manner in 2N chambers (AA, BB, CC, DD), each provided with a heat-exchanger (A, B, C, D), N being an integer greater than or equal to 3. Each chamber carries out a cycle comprising the following four steps in succession: a frosting step, a defrosting step, a step of recovering the liquid phase and the residual gas phase, and a temperature-reduction step of reducing the temperature of the heat-exchanger. Further, sequencing the passage from one step to another in each of the chambers is such that the number of chambers carrying out the frosting step and also the total number of chambers carrying out the defrosting, recovery, and temperature-reduction steps are both equal to N.

Abstract: The nozzle (10) is suitable for expanding a saturated flow (D) and comprises a converging portion (2), a throat (3), a tube (4), and a mixer element (5) downstream from said throat (3) and suitable for mixing the vapor and liquid phases of the saturated flow.

Abstract: A refrigeration system includes a plurality of heat exchangers (E1, E2, E3) in cascade, each of said heat exchangers including: a flow (150) of cold-producing liquefied methane; a high-pressure flow (122) of a two-phase mixture of refrigerant fluids giving up in heat and including refrigerant fluids having a low normal boiling temperature; and a low-pressure flow (100) of a cold-producing two-phase mixture of said refrigerant fluids.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and a system for controlling the circulation of water films on the exchange walls of an exchange surface of a cooling tower. It comprises combining a tank and a dispenser lip to ensure that the film has a specific thickness and that it adheres to the exchange wall right from the moment it starts to flow and repeatedly so, on each exchange wall. The exchange walls between air and water are horizontally sloping at a small angle, thereby ensuring that the water flows by force of gravity and, at the same time, limiting the speed increase on the plate to avoid the droplets from being pulled away by the airflow. The water films are recovered in recovery troughs perpendicular to the flow of the water films on the plates. These troughs are tilted horizontally, and enable the recovery of the water films without being crossed by the air flows.

Abstract: A multi-step method is disclosed for exchanging heat in a vapor compression heat transfer system having a working fluid circulating therethrough. The method includes the step of circulating a working fluid comprising a fluoroolefin to an inlet of a first tube of an internal heat exchanger, through the internal heat exchanger and to an outlet thereof. Also disclosed are vapor compression heat transfer systems for exchanging heat. The systems include an evaporator, a compressor, a dual-row condenser and an intermediate heat exchanger having a first tube and a second tube. A disclosed system involves a dual-row condenser connected to the first and second intermediate heat exchanger tubes. Another disclosed system involves a dual-row evaporator connected to the first and second intermediate heat exchanger tubes.

Abstract: A cooling system of a first psychrometric mixture having a condensation unit capable of condensing fluid contained in this mixture by direct contact with liquid comprising this fluid, the liquid being in the condensation unit at a temperature below that of the first mixture, and an evaporation unit capable of evaporating liquid in a second psychrometric mixture having fluid, the liquid being in the evaporation unit at a temperature greater than that of the second mixture, the condensation and evaporation units being coupled by a circulation circuit of the liquid, and a regulator for regulating the liquid flow.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of cooling a metal strip traveling through a cooling section in a continuous heat treatment line. In accordance with the invention, the method consists in projecting a refrigerant medium into the cooling section (4) onto the surface of the strip (1) to be cooled, the medium being constituted for the most part by a phase-change substance that passes into the gaseous phase at a temperature that is lower than the temperature of the strip (1) and without oxidizing said strip so that energy is exchanged within an endothermic process by a change in the phase of said phase-change substance.

Abstract: A cryogenic installation unit comprises at least one item of equipment (2, 6A to 6H, 15) to be thermally insulated, a structure (1) for containing the at least one item of equipment, a main insulation (3) contained in the structure and, associated with this main insulation, a secondary insulation (5) of lower thermal conductivity than the main insulation, said secondary insulation (5) consisting of a vacuum insulation panel.

Abstract: A heat exchanger has a cross-current/counter-current structure, so that air which is directed across the heat exchanger is heated in the two successive rows. This design takes advantage of the temperature glide of a refrigerant blend. In this design, the hottest refrigerant blend is in contact with the hottest air, and the coldest refrigerant blend is in contact with the coldest air, leading to a lower difference between the average refrigerant blend temperature and the average air temperature compared to a pure refrigerant in a one-row heat exchanger.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and a system for controlling the circulation of water films on the exchange walls of an exchange surface of a cooling tower. It comprises combining a tank and a dispenser lip to ensure that the film has a specific thickness and that it adheres to the exchange wall right from the moment it starts to flow and repeatedly so, on each exchange wall. The exchange walls between air and water are horizontally sloping at a small angle, thereby ensuring that the water flows by force of gravity and, at the same time, limiting the speed increase on the plate to avoid the droplets from being pulled away by the airflow. The water films are recovered in recovery troughs perpendicular to the flow of the water films on the plates. These troughs are tilted horizontally, and enable the recovery of the water films without being crossed by the air flows.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for exchanging heat in a vapor compression heat transfer system. In particular, it relates to use of an intermediate heat exchanger to improve performance of a vapor compression heat transfer system utilizing a working fluid comprising at least one fluoroolefin. In addition, the present disclosure relates to a vapor compression heat transfer system comprising an intermediate heat exchanger in combination with a dual-row evaporator or a dual-row condenser, or both.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a method and a system for extracting carbon dioxide and/or sulfur dioxide from methane or fumes resulting from hydrocarbon combustion. The system according to the present invention comprises a refrigerating device with integrated cascade which cools the methane or the fumes under a pressure that ensures circulation of the methane or the fumes and at a temperature such that the carbon dioxide and/or the sulfur dioxide pass directly over from the vapor state into the solid state via an anti-sublimation process.

Abstract: A method and system for extracting and storing carbon dioxide from fumes derived from the combustion of hydrocarbons in an apparatus designed in particular for the production of mechanical energy comprises: exchangers (11, 25) and a dehydrator (56), for extracting water from the fumes in liquid form at a pressure more or less equal to atmospheric pressure; an integrated cascaded refrigerating apparatus (18, 22, 25, 26, 28, 32, 33, 34, 39, 40), for cooling the fumes at a pressure more or less equal to atmospheric pressure and at a temperature such that the carbon dioxide passes directly from the vapor state to the solid state, via an anti-sublimation process; a fixed (49) and/or removable (51) reservoir and suction means, in particular a pneumatic pump (48), for storing the carbon dioxide in liquid form after defrosting.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a method and an installation or system for drying fibrous material. The method comprises the step of ventilating very moist air through the fibrous material located in a drying zone. The moisture content of the moist air is less than that inside the drying zone, its pressure is close to atmospheric pressure and its temperature is higher than that of the material to be dried. The method additionally comprises the step of recovering the heat of condensation of the water vapor extracted from the fibrous material to heat the moist air, providing leaks between the outside ambient air and the ventilation circuit upstream and downstream of the drying zone, making possible a mass and heat exchange. It is possible to ensure heat and mass balance without expelling large amounts of moist air into the ambient air.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a method and an installation or system for drying fibrous material. The method comprises the step of ventilating very moist air through the fibrous material located in a drying zone. The moisture content of the moist air is less than that inside the drying zone, its pressure is close to atmospheric pressure and its temperature is higher than that of the material to be dried. The method additionally comprises the step of recovering the heat of condensation of the water vapor extracted from the fibrous material to heat the moist air, providing leaks between the outside ambient air and the ventilation circuit upstream and downstream of the drying zone, making possible a mass and heat exchange. It is possible to ensure heat and mass balance without expelling large amounts of moist air into the ambient air.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a method and system for extracting and storing carbon dioxide from fumes derived from the combustion of hydrocarbons in an apparatus designed in particular for the production of mechanical energy. The system comprises: extracting means, in particular exchangers (11, 25) and a dehydrator (56), for extracting water from the said fumes in liquid form at a pressure more or less equal to atmospheric pressure; cooling means, in particular an integrated cascaded refrigerating apparatus (18, 22, 25, 26, 28, 32, 33, 34, 39, 40), for cooling the said fumes at a pressure more or less equal to atmospheric pressure and at a temperature such that the carbon dioxide passes directly from the vapor state to the solid state, via an anti-sublimation process; storage means, in particular a fixed (49) and/or removable (51) reservoir and suction means, in particular a pneumatic pump (48), for storing the carbon dioxide in liquid form after defrosting.

Abstract: This invention relates to refrigerating or air conditioning system comprising at least one exchanger (2, 3) The system uses a refrigerant fluid according to a thermodynamic cycle comprising at least one liquid-vapor expansion phase. According to the invention, the liquid-vapor expansion phase is created by means of a diphasic turbine (4b) that actuates a ventilator (5b), causing air to circulate on said exchanger (3).

Abstract: This invention relates to refrigerating or air conditioning system comprising at least one exchanger (2, 3). The system uses a refrigerant fluid according to a thermodynamic cycle comprising at least one liquid-vapor expansion phase. According to the invention, the liquid-vapor expansion phase is created by means of a diphasic turbine (4b) that actuates a ventilator (5b), causing air to circulate on said exchanger (3).

Abstract: The invention concerns glazing sheets with variable absorbing power. The glazing comprises two transparent walls providing an inter-wall space containing one of the two following fluids: either a first transparent fluid, such as air; or a second transparent fluid, absorbing solar energy over a very large part of the spectrum, in particular liquid water or liquid water with added alcohol. The glazing further compromises a circuit for discharging energy in the form of a bead, located at its periphery, preferably consisting of a heat pip-exchanger. The glazing also comprises an apparatus for filling up or emptying the inter-wall space, as well as flexible elements for absorbing the second fluid expansion depending on temperature. The glazing can in particular be used for producing car windows.