Abstract: A shotgun choke characterized by multiple, radially-arranged, longitudinal blades having blade edges of selected size and shape for contacting and scoring a wad containing the shot in a shotgun shell, causing the wad panels to open upon expulsion from the shotgun barrel and fall short of the shot string. The shotgun choke of this invention can be built integrally with or detachable from the shotgun barrel, typically by means of threads. The displacement blades constrict the wad containing the shot to effect random constriction forces on the encapsulated shot, define linear gas relief passageways and score the wad linearly to facilitate rapid opening of the wad panels upon ejection of the wad and the shot string from the shotgun choke, such that the wad does not interfere with the shot string as the latter continues to the target. Ports are provided in the shotgun choke and connect to the gas relief passageways to reduce recoil.

Abstract: An injector for turbine engines which includes a shaped injector core fitted with an eccentric spinner inlet communicating with a cylindrical, annular fuel spinner chamber and a preheater or evaporator for preheating and vaporizing fuel, wherein the vaporized fuel is eccentrically injected into the fuel spinner chamber to effect a spinning fuel sequence around a fuel guidance pin extending through the center of the fuel spinner chamber. Compressed air from the turbine compressors flows through the primary nozzle of an air guidance nozzle surrounding the injector core into a shaped secondary nozzle, where the air mixes with the spinning fuel at a selected air flow angle to facilitate thorough mixing of the fuel and air as the combustible mixture is channeled into the annular turbine combustor.