Abstract: Methods, systems and computer program products provide reusable controls for automatically translating text with a reusable control by identify a plurality of variables comprising at least a source and a target language, identifying when translation should be invoked for text in the control and encapsulating said steps of initializing and identifying in order to make a reusable data object. Control objects for controlling text are also provide which include a text property for storing data corresponding to the text to be controlled by the control object, a translation language property which indicates a language to which the text to be controlled is to be translated and a translation method which performs translation of data in the text property.

Abstract: A mixed translation of content is created in one document based on a new use of the lang’ attribute on standard HTML tags. The HTML 4.0 specification defines the ‘lang’ attribute as being used for an element's attribute value and content. Browsers use this information to assist in proper rendering of content associated with treatment of ligatures, hyphenations and quotations. Search engines and other applications may use this field for spell checking or creating indices. The implication of this common usage is that the content is in the language indicated by the ‘lang’ attribute and language specific rules for its rendering apply.

Abstract: A mixed translation of content is created in one document based on a new use of the lang’ attribute on standard HTML tags. The HTML 4.0 specification defines the ‘lang’ attribute as being used for an element's attribute value and content. Browsers use this information to assist in proper rendering of content associated with treatment of ligatures, hyphenations and quotations. Search engines and other applications may use this field for spell checking or creating indices. The implication of this common usage is that the content is in the language indicated by the ‘lang’ attribute and language specific rules for its rendering apply.

Abstract: A mixed translation of content is created in one document based on a new use of the ‘lang’ attribute on standard HTML tags. The HTML 4.0 specification defines the ‘lang’ attribute as being used for an element's attribute value and content. Browsers use this information to assist in proper rendering of content associated with treatment of ligatures, hyphenations and quotations. Search engines and other applications may use this field for spell checking or creating indices. The implication of this common usage is that the content is in the language indicated by the ‘lang’ attribute and language specific rules for its rendering apply.

Abstract: A machine translation quality determination mechanism uses comparisons of subsequent and potentially numerous reverse translations of a translated human language back to the source language. The process of translating from source language to target language to source language may iterate many times to ultimately yield information as to an assertion of low quality translation. Thus, the present invention continuously iterates this “back-and-forth” translation until the resulting source human language text is not reasonably equivalent to the original source human language or until the process iterates a predetermined number of times. If the back-and-forth translation results in a source human language text that is not reasonably equivalent to the original source text, then the translation is identified as low quality.

Abstract: A query from a user in a user's language to a directory service in another language different from the user's language is intercepted. The query is translated from the user's language into the language of the directory service. The translated query is then delivered to the directory service and an appropriate response is provided for the user.

Abstract: A machine translation quality determination mechanism uses comparisons of subsequent and potentially numerous reverse translations of a translated human language back to the source language. The process of translating from source language to target language to source language may iterate many times to ultimately yield information as to an assertion of low quality translation. Thus, the present invention continuously iterates this “back-and-forth” translation until the resulting source human language text is not reasonably equivalent to the original source human language or until the process iterates a predetermined number of times. If the back-and-forth translation results in a source human language text that is not reasonably equivalent to the original source text, then the translation is identified as low quality.

Abstract: The Content-Language field in the entity-header of an HTTP response is used as the final factor in driving machine translation of text. The HTTP 1.1 specification defines the purpose of the value in this field to identify and differentiate entities according to a user's own preferred language. Its implication is that the content body is in the language defined via the Content-Language field. If the body content is only appropriate to a German-literate audience then typical use of this information would be to execute some processing to avoid rendering to someone other than that target. This information is used in rendering decisions. Herein, this value is a determining factor in the machine translation (MT) decision as well. It is still used in the rendering decision, but if the content is not currently in the desired language, it will be translated to it. Prior to the response being served, appropriate MT would be initiated based on this value.

Abstract: A combination of Machine Translation (MT) techniques are used with a ‘Hybrid’ Translation Memory (HTM)database. The HTM database stores malformed translated sentences matched with their correct translations. Each sentence that is translated with MT is analyzed by the MT algorithms to determine a value for the accuracy of the translation. If the accuracy is greater than or equal to a preset tolerance level, the sentence is considered to be translated sufficiently well. Therefore, no database need be checked for all the sufficiently translated sentences. However, if the accuracy is below the tolerance, an HTM database is checked for the same bad translation and if found, replaced with the matching correct translation.

Abstract: Systems, methods and computer program products enable automatic tab scanning of graphically represented elements in program applications. Once a developer has designed a user interface for a program application having a tabbing order representing the sequence in which the visual elements in an application will receive focus when the tab key is selected by an end user, the visual elements may be automatically scanned to view, verify and modify the tabbing order of the visual elements, and the attributes and attribute values associated with each visual element. An entire sequence of visual elements, and the attributes and attribute values corresponding to each visual element, may be automatically scanned one at a time without requiring developer selection of the next visual element in the sequence defined by the tabbing order.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for encoding and decoding data on navigation signal pulse pairs utilizes pulse position modulation (PPM). The pulse interval between a first pulse and a second pulse of the pulse pair is varied depending on whether the logic value of the data to be encoded is a logic "0" or a logic "1". A tri-graph encoding process converts the raw input data into encoded input data. Each input data bit is encoded into three bits with each bit having the same logical value as the input data bit. The encoded input data is then encoded on the navigation signal using a pulse position modulation (PPM) technique. A decoder recovers the encoded data and provides an error correction process for high data integrity that corrects certain bit errors that may occur during the transmission and reception of the data on the navigation signal. The error correction process detects and corrects errors such as a missing bit, an extra bit or a bit error.

Abstract: An object-based component and system are presented which permits developers of multimedia applications to provide improved data entry interfaces for end users. The component includes a number of pre-built data entry interface styles for inclusion by a developer in an application. Each style includes a number of attributes having modifiable settings, and the attributes and settings for each style are easily extensible. A free style interface is provided which permits a developer wide latitude in developing customized data entry interfaces with relative ease.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for encoding and decoding data on navigation signal pulse pairs utilizes pulse position modulation (PPM). The pulse interval between a first pulse and a second pulse of the pulse pair is varied depending on whether the logic value of the data to be encoded is a logic "0" or a logic "1". A tri-graph encoding process converts the raw input data into encoded input data. Each input data bit is encoded into three bits with each bit having the same logical value as the input data bit. The encoded input data is then encoded on the navigation signal using a pulse position modulation (PPM) technique. A decoder recovers the encoded data and provides an error correction process for high data integrity that corrects certain bit errors that may occur during the transmission and reception of the data on the navigation signal. The error correction process detects and corrects errors such as a missing bit, an extra bit or a bit error.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided for deriving the direction of a received signal from a signal source using first and second orthogonally-mounted loop antennas and an omnidirectional antenna. In operation, output signals from each of the antennas are generated and repeatedly supplied to signal processing circuitry in a cyclical fashion as the receiver is rotated to locate the transmitter. The amplitudes of the output signals from the first and second loop antennas are then compared to determine whether the signal source is located in a null of the second loop antenna. If so, a null indication signal is generated. The phases of the output signals from the second loop antenna and the omnidirectional antenna are compared to determine whether the received signal is being received in a predetermined region of the second loop antenna. If so, an ambiguity indication signal is generated.

Abstract: A noise pulse rejection circuit for use in a pulse type time-of-arrival detection system is described. Preferably, the pulse type time-of-arrival detection system includes a precision distance measuring equipment (DME/P) receiver having a delay-attenuate-compare (DAC) detector. The DAC detector produces first time-of-arrival detector outputs due to receiver noise, and a second time-of-arrival detector output upon detection of a received DME pulse having a leading edge, each of the first time-of-arrival detector outputs having a substantially shorter period than the period of the second time-of-arrival detector output. The noise pulse rejection circuit preferably includes a monostable multivibrator, which is triggered by the first and second time-of-arrival detector outputs to generate a timing signal having first and second logic states, the timing signal normally changing from a first logic state to a second logic state after a predetermined time period "T".

Abstract: A precision distance measuring equipment (DME/P) receiver for detecting an RF signal including at least one interrogation pulse is described. The DME/P receiver includes first and second signal processing channels. The first processing channel includes a wideband filter, of bandwidth BW1, for receiving the processed RF signal and in response thereto generating a wideband (FA) mode signal proportional to the logarithm thereof. The second signal processing channel includes a narrowband filter, of bandwidth BW2, for receiving the processed RF signal and in response thereto generating a narrowband (IA) mode signal proportional to the logarithm thereof, the bandwidth BW2 of the narrowband filter being within the bandwidth BW1 of the wideband filter.

Abstract: A noise pulse rejection circuit for use in a pulse type time-of-arrival detection system is described. Preferably, the pulse type time-of-arrival detection system includes a precision distance measuring equipment (DME/P) receiver having a delay-attenuate-compare (DAC) detector. The DAC detector produces first time-of-arrival detector outputs due to receiver noise, and a second time-of-arrival detector output upon detection of a received DME pulse having a leading edge, each of the first time-of-arrival detector outputs having a substantially shorter period than the period of the second time-of-arrival detector output. The noise pulse rejection circuit preferably includes a monostable multivibrator, which is triggered by the first and second time-of-arrival detector outputs to generate a timing signal having first and second logic states, the timing signal normally changing from a first logic state to a second logic state after a predetermined time period "T".

Abstract: A receiver with squelch capability includes squelch gate control circuitry which operates the squelch gate on the basis of substantially pure noise even in environments such as offset carrier networks which cause or create substantial interference energy in the receiver.

Abstract: A CLIMAX-network-compatible receiver with squelch capability comprises a demodulator for processing RF and IF, a squelch gate in the intelligence processing channel, and squelch gate control circuitry connected between the demodulator IF (or demodulator RF) and the squelch gate. In the control circuitry, a swept band (i.e., swept frequency) type of spectrum analyzer receives the demodulator IF and outputs a waveform whose envelope represents all the frequency components in the tested IF band. The detected envelope of the analyzer output is next treated by a compression-effecting log amplifier whose output is then tested by two different detectors for carrier attributable content and noise attributable content. The outputs of the two detectors are differenced and such difference is used to control the gate. The log amp ensures that the gate is controlled in accordance with the ratio of IF carrier to IF noise, regardless of whether IF gain variations change the difference between IF carrier and IF noise levels.