Abstract: A method is disclosed for the Agrobacterium-mediated germline genetic transformation of soybean. The method is based on Agrobacterium-mediated gene delivery to individual cells in a freshly germinated soybean meristem, which cells can be induced directly to form shoots that give rise to transgenic plants. This method does not involve callus-phase tissue culture and is rapid and efficient.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for the Agrobacterium-mediated germline genetic transformation of soybean. The method is based on Agrobacterium-mediated gene delivery to individual cells in a freshly germinated soybean meristem, which cells can be induced directly to form shoots that give rise to transgenic plants. This method does not involve callus-phase tissue culture and is rapid and efficient.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for the Agrobacterium-mediated germline genetic transformation of soybean. The method is based on Agrobacterium-mediated gene delivery to individual cells in a freshly germinated soybean meristem, which cells can be induced directly to form shoots that give rise to transgenic plants. This method does not involve callus-phase tissue culture and is rapid and efficient.

Abstract: A process of mechanical separation of embryos from seeds for genetic transplantation employs counter-rotating cylinders together with one or more culling, hydration, separation, and viability testing steps to provide high-throughput of viable, transplantable tissue.

Abstract: A process of mechanical separation of embryos from seeds for genetic transplantation employs counter-rotating cylinders together with one or more culling, hydration, separation, and viability testing steps to provide high-throughput of viable, transplantable tissue.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for the Agrobacterium-mediated germline genetic transformation of soybean. The method is based on Agrobacterium-mediated gene delivery to individual cells in a freshly germinated soybean meristem, which cells can be induced directly to form shoots that give rise to transgenic plants. This method does not involve callus-phase tissue culture and is rapid and efficient.

Abstract: A process of mechanical separation of embryos from seeds for genetic transplantation employs counter-rotating cylinders together with one or more culling, hydration, separation, and viability testing steps to provide high-throughput of viable, transplantable tissue.

Abstract: A process of mechanical separation of embryos from seeds for genetic transplantation employs counter-rotating cylinders together with one or more culling, hydration, separation, and viability testing steps to provide high-throughput of viable, transplantable tissue.

Abstract: A process of mechanical separation of embryos from seeds for genetic transplantation employs counter-rotating cylinders together with one or more culling, hydration, separation, and viability testing steps to provide high-throughput of viable, transplantable tissue.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for the Agrobacterium-mediated germline genetic transformation of soybean. The method is based on Agrobacterium-mediated gene delivery to individual cells in a freshly germinated soybean meristem, which cells can be induced directly to form shoots that give rise to transgenic plants. This method does not involve callus-phase tissue culture and is rapid and efficient.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for the Agrobacterium-mediated germline genetic transformation of soybean. The method is based on Agrobacterium-mediated gene delivery to individual cells in a freshly germinated soybean meristem, which cells can be induced directly to form shoots that give rise to transgenic plants. This method does not involve callus-phase tissue culture and is rapid and efficient.

Abstract: A new method of identifying germline transformed plants early in the regeneration process is described. This method is based on the observation that if the roots of chimeric plants are transformed, then the plant is germline transformed. The method makes glyphosate selection more efficient and kanamycin selection practical.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for the convenient transformation of the somatic cells of animals. Somatic cell transformation is useful for medical and veterinary care of genetic diseases, and other therapeutic or animal improvement purposes. The method makes use of an electric discharge particle acceleration apparatus which can inject very small particles of gold or other dense material carrying genetic constructs coated on them into the living cells of animals. The animals not only live, but there is no visible bruising or bleeding at the site of the treatment. The method is particularly adaptable since the force of the particle injection in such a spark discharge apparatus is adjustable by adjustments to the voltage of the spark discharge.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for the Agrobacterium-mediated germline genetic transformation of soybean. The method is based on an Agrobacterium-mediated gene delivery to individual cells in a freshly germinated soybean meristem, wherein cells are induced directly to form shoots and give rise to transgenic plants. This method does not involve a callus-phase tissue culture and is rapid and efficient.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is disclosed for the genetic transformation of organisms by accelerated particle mediated transformation. Foreign genes are introduced into cells by coating on carrier particles which are physically accelerated into the cells. The treated cells are recovered, and a portion of them will contain in their genome the foreign gene. The procedure may be used to create genetically engineered organisms of many types.

Abstract: A sample delivery module for use in conjunction with a particle acceleration apparatus includes a fitting for connecting the sample delivery module to the apparatus. The sample delivery module provides a particle acceleration path which includes a portion adapted to receive a sample of particles coated with a biological material, a particle acceleration chamber coaxial with, and in fluid communication, with the cartridge chamber, and a substantially conical exit nozzle coaxial with and in fluid communication with the particle acceleration chamber. In use, a gas stream causes sample particles to be entrained therein and accelerated through the particle acceleration chamber and the exit nozzle toward a target.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for making more efficient the particle-mediated germ line genetic transformation of bean species such as soybean. After a particle-mediated transformation event, in the absence of a selectable marker gene, relatively large numbers of plants must be regenerated to find the relatively low likelihood germ line transformation events which have occurred. It has been discovered that using in the transformation process a marker gene linked to the gene of interest, and by excising a segment of the stem of the shoot during the regeneration process and assaying the segment for the marker gene, certain patterns or phenotypes can be identified in the stem segment which are associated with an increased frequency of germ line transformation events. As the plants are regenerated, other indices of gene expression, at the first trifoliate leaf stage and at the third or fourth trifoliate leaf stage, also serve as markers of the likelihood of germ line transformation.

Abstract: A gas driven apparatus for accelerating particles coated with a genetic material into a target comprises a reservoir for releasably retaining a gas at a sufficiently high pressure to detach the particles from the surface of a sample cartridge and to carry the particles through the apparatus toward the target. When leaving the apparatus, the particles entrained in the gas stream pass through a substantially conical exit nozzle which causes the pattern of distribution of the particles to greatly expand. Methods for using the apparatus and for preparing the sample cartridges are also described.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for making more efficient the particle-mediated germ line genetic transformation of bean species such as soybean. After a particle-mediated transformation event, in the absence of a selectable marker gene, relatively large numbers of plants must be regenerated to find the relatively low likelihood germ line transformation events which have occurred. It has been discovered that using in the transformation process a marker gene linked to the gene of interest, and by excising a segment of the stem of the shoot during the regeneration process and assaying the segment for the marker gene, certain patterns or phenotypes can be identified in the stem segment which are associated with an increased frequency of germ line transformation events. As the plants are regenerated, other indices of gene expression, at the first trifoliate leaf stage and at the third or fourth trifoliate leaf stage, also serve as markers of the likelihood of germ line transformation.

Abstract: A method for depositing particles coated with biological substances onto the concave inner surface of a length of tubing includes the steps of preparing a uniform suspension of coated particles, introducing the particles into the tubing, placing the tubing into a generally horizontal position, removing the evaporable liquid after the particles have settled, and drying the particles. When dry, the tubing is cut into sample cartridges of appropriate length for use in a particle acceleration instrument.An apparatus for performing the method is also disclosed.