Abstract: The invention presents a new design of one-cell and two-cell LED penlight bulbs and it's embedded PCB electronic circuit board structure, specially shaped LED encapsulation and a base to make it physically interchangeable with standard incandescent penlight bulbs. The bulb houses a super bright LED in a specially shaped, spherical molded top. The leads from the LED are soldered on the PC Board that is embedded inside the base. The PC Board power input ports connect to the metal base. The base and the LED molded encapsulation are attached together by means of bonding (thermal, sonic or solvent), friction interference fit or adhesive. The PC Board utilizes an amplifier design which allows the LED to be powered by either one or two 1.5 volt dry cells. The simple bulb design significantly reduces the weight of the entire product, generates much less heat and also dramatically reduces the power consumption of the penlight.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for determining unknown unknowns for at least one assisted decision making system. An assisted decision making system has an associated set of at least one story of interest. The system further comprises a plurality of inferencing algorithms. A given inferencing algorithm is operative to generate story fragments from data stored within an associated knowledge base. A first arbitrator is associated with the first assisted decision making system. The arbitrator accepts a story fragment from the plurality of inferencing algorithms if the story fragment is sufficiently related to a story of interest from the set of at least one story of interest.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for assisted decision-making. A knowledge base comprises a plurality of executable stories. A given story comprises a belief network containing at least one associated hypothesis and evidence associated with the at least one hypothesis. The system further comprises at least one decision algorithm having respective associated input formats. A translation interface is operative to convert a given story from the knowledge base into a decision network having a format associated with the at least one decision algorithm.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for generating a decision network from text. An information extraction component extracts a quantum of evidence and an associated confidence value from a given text segment. An evidence classifier associates each quantum of evidence with one of a plurality of hypotheses. A fusion engine builds a decision network from the plurality of hypotheses, an associated base structure, the extracted quanta of evidence, and the confidence values.