Abstract: Methods of determining whether a target bacteria is susceptible to an antimicrobial compound are provided. In some embodiments the methods comprise providing a sample comprising the target bacteria; maintaining the sample in the presence of an antimicrobial compound to provide an antimicrobial compound-exposed target bacterial sample; exposing the antimicrobial compound-exposed target bacterial sample to a cell-wall disruption condition; and determining the level of lysis and/or the level of remaining intact cells present in the antimicrobial compound-exposed target bacterial sample whether the cell-wall disruption condition lyses target bacterial cells present in the antimicrobial compound-exposed target bacterial sample; wherein the method is performed such that the level of lysis and/or remaining intact cells is determined without determining lysis or non-lysis on a cell-by-cell basis. In some embodiments target bacteria are not immobilized during the exposure to cell-wall disruption conditions.

Abstract: A method for treating and/or inhibiting gastric and duodenal ulcers, comprising administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising an oligosaccharide of Formula I(NeuAc-.alpha.(2-3)-pGal-.beta.(1)-(--X--).sub.m --(--Y--).sub.n -).sub.p -ZwhereinX=a chemical bond or a group capable of linking the p galactose to either the linking group Y or the multivalent support Z;wherein the C.sub.1 glycosidic oxygen of galactose may be replaced by N, S or C;Y=a linking group;Z=a multivalent support;m=0 or 1;n=0 or 1; andp=an integer of 2-1,000 is described. Also described is a method for treating and/or inhibiting gastric and duodenal ulcers, comprising administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising an oligosaccharide of Formula IINeuAc-.alpha.(2-3)-pGal-.beta.(1)-AwhereinA=a group capable of bonding to the p galactose;wherein the C.sub.1 glycosidic oxygen of galactose may be replaced by N, S or C.

Abstract: A method for treating and/or inhibiting gastric and duodenal ulcers, comprising administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising an oligosaccharide of Formula I(NeuAc-.alpha.(2-3)-pGal-.beta.(1)--(--X--).sub.m --(--Y--).sub.n --).sub.p --ZwhereinX=a chemical bond or a group capable of linking the p galactose to either the linking group Y or the multivalent support Z;wherein the C.sub.1 glycosidic oxygen of galactose may be replaced by N, S or C;Y=a linking group;Z=a multivalent support;m=0 or 1;n=0 or 1; andp=an integer of 2-1,000 is described. Also described is a method for treating and/or inhibiting gastric and duodenal ulcers, comprising administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising an oligosaccharide of Formula IINeuAc-.alpha.(214 3)-pGal-.beta.(1)-AwhereinA=a group capable of bonding to the p galactose;wherein the C.sub.1 glycosidic oxygen of galactose may be replaced by N, S or C.

Abstract: A composition for treating and/or inhibiting gastric and duodenal ulcers, comprising an oligosaccharide selected from the group consisting of Formula I ##STR1## or a mixture thereof; wherein:X is independently OH or NHAc;Y is independently H, or an amino acid or a peptide of 2-100, preferably 2-20, amino acids; andW, W', and W" are each independently H or ##STR2## where Z is independently H or a pharmaceutically acceptable cation; and P is independently H or ##STR3## where Z is defined as above; wherein at least one of W, W' or W" is an .alpha.-N-acetylneuraminic acid moiety, andwherein W' and W" are not simultaneously .alpha.-N-acetylneuraminic acid moietywith the proviso that the compound of Formula II is not NAN .alpha.(2.fwdarw.3)Gal .beta.1-4 Glu or NAN .alpha.(2.fwdarw.6)Gal .beta.1-4 Glu; and a kit for detecting the presence of Helicobacter pylori comprising at least one compound of the Formula I or II, are described.

Abstract: A method for treating and/or inhibiting gastric and duodenal ulcers, comprising administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising an oligosaccharide of Formula I(NeuAc-.alpha.(2-3)-Gal-.beta.(1)-(--X--).sub.m -(--Y--).sub.n -).sub.p -ZwhereinX=a chemical bond or a group capable of linking the galactose to either the linking group Y or the multivalent support Z;wherein the C.sub.1 glycosidic oxygen of galactose may be replaced by N, S or C;Y=a linking group;Z=a multivalent support;m=0 or 1;n=0 or 1; andp=an integer of 2-1,000 is described. Also described is a method for treating and/or inhibiting gastric and duodenal ulcers, comprising administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising an oligosaccharide of Formula IINeuAc-.alpha.(2-3)-Gal-.beta.(1)-AwhereinA=a group capable of bonding to the galactose;wherein the C.sub.1 glycosidic oxygen of galactose may be replaced by N, S or C.