Abstract: Autonomous vehicles including sensors and electronic control units (ECUs) that communicate via ring networks are disclosed. A system includes an ECU of an autonomous vehicle that includes an ECU network interface. The system includes a plurality of sensors disposed on the autonomous vehicle, and each of the plurality of sensors includes a respective sensor network interface. The system includes a plurality of network links communicatively coupling the plurality of sensors to the ECU network interface of the ECU via the respective sensor network interface in a ring configuration.

Abstract: A cylinder head [20, 120] mountable onto a cylinder block [16] of an engine [10] is disclosed. The cylinder head [20, 120] includes at least one fastener boss [28, 128] configured for receiving a fastener [24], and the cylinder head [20, 120] is securely fastened onto the cylinder block [16] of the engine [10] by the fastener [24]. A boss cutout [30, 130] is formed on a lower portion of the at least one fastener boss [28, 128] that abuts the cylinder block [16] such that a contact pressure balance of sealing pressures around the cylinder block [16] is evenly distributed.

Abstract: A cylinder head [20, 120] mountable onto a cylinder block [16] of an engine [10] is disclosed. The cylinder head [20, 120] includes at least one fastener boss [28, 128] configured for receiving a fastener [24], and the cylinder head [20, 120] is securely fastened onto the cylinder block [16] of the engine [10] by the fastener [24]. A boss cutout [30, 130] is formed on a lower portion of the at least one fastener boss [28, 128] that abuts the cylinder block [16] such that a contact pressure balance of sealing pressures around the cylinder block [16] is evenly distributed.

Abstract: A cooling system for a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine includes a cylindrical seat configured to engage an exhaust valve, a first coolant jacket, and a first conduit. The exhaust valve seat defines an annular cooling passage extending along a circumference of the cylindrical seat. A wall of the cylindrical seat defines a first opening into the annular cooling passage and a second opening into the annular cooling passage, where the first opening is positioned diametrically opposite to the second opening. The first coolant jacket is positioned adjacent to a fire-deck of the internal combustion engine. The first conduit fluidly couples the first coolant jacket to the at least one of the first opening and the second opening to the annular cooling passage in the exhaust valve seat.

Abstract: A cylinder head [20, 120] mountable onto a cylinder block [16] of an engine [10] is disclosed. The cylinder head [20, 120] includes at least one fastener boss [28, 128] configured for receiving a fastener [24], and the cylinder head [20, 120] is securely fastened onto the cylinder block [16] of the engine [10] by the fastener [24]. A boss cutout [30, 130] is formed on a lower portion of the at least one fastener boss [28, 128] that abuts the cylinder block [16] such that a contact pressure balance of sealing pressures around the cylinder block [16] is evenly distributed.

Abstract: A cooling system for a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine includes a cylindrical seat configured to engage an exhaust valve, a first coolant jacket, and a first conduit. The exhaust valve seat defines an annular cooling passage extending along a circumference of the cylindrical seat. A wall of the cylindrical seat defines a first opening into the annular cooling passage and a second opening into the annular cooling passage, where the first opening is positioned diametrically opposite to the second opening. The first coolant jacket is positioned adjacent to a fire-deck of the internal combustion engine. The first conduit fluidly couples the first coolant jacket to the at least one of the first opening and the second opening to the annular cooling passage in the exhaust valve seat.

Abstract: A cooling system for a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine includes a cylindrical seat configured to engage an exhaust valve, a first coolant jacket, and a first conduit. The exhaust valve seat defines an annular cooling passage extending along a circumference of the cylindrical seat. A wall of the cylindrical seat defines a first opening into the annular cooling passage and a second opening into the annular cooling passage, where the first opening is positioned diametrically opposite to the second opening. The first coolant jacket is positioned adjacent to a fire-deck of the internal combustion engine. The first conduit fluidly couples the first coolant jacket to the at least one of the first opening and the second opening to the annular cooling passage in the exhaust valve seat.

Abstract: A cooling system for a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine includes a cylindrical seat configured to engage an exhaust valve, a first coolant jacket, and a first conduit. The exhaust valve seat defines an annular cooling passage extending along a circumference of the cylindrical seat. A wall of the cylindrical seat defines a first opening into the annular cooling passage and a second opening into the annular cooling passage, where the first opening is positioned diametrically opposite to the second opening. The first coolant jacket is positioned adjacent to a fire-deck of the internal combustion engine. The first conduit fluidly couples the first coolant jacket to the at least one of the first opening and the second opening to the annular cooling passage in the exhaust valve seat.

Abstract: Turbochargers operate at extremely high speed, so balance of the rotating core is of the utmost importance to turbocharger life. A special balancing washer is added to the clamping region between the compressor nut and the nose of the compressor wheel to aid in keeping the wheel, nut, and stub-shaft on the turbocharger axis and to thereby prevent introduction of core unbalance.

Abstract: Vibration amplitudes are recorded as a function of rotation speed and of frequency and the data is analyzed to estimate a noise floor amplitude threshold for each of a plurality of different speed and frequency sub-ranges. On the basis of training data known to be normal speed-frequency areas which contain significant spectral content in normal operation are deemed “known significant spectral content”, so that during monitoring of new data points which correspond to significant vibration energy at speeds and frequencies different from the known significant spectral content can be deemed “novel significant spectral content” and form the basis for an alert. The estimation of the noise floor is based on a probabilistic analysis of the data in each speed-frequency area and from this analysis an extreme value distribution expressing the probability that any given sample is noise is obtained.

Abstract: Turbochargers operate at extremely high speed, so balance of the rotating core is of the utmost importance to turbocharger life. A special balancing washer is added to the clamping region between the compressor nut and the nose of the compressor wheel to aid in keeping the wheel, nut, and stub-shaft on the turbocharger axis and to thereby prevent introduction of core unbalance.

Abstract: Turbochargers operate at extremely high speed, so balance of the rotating core is of the utmost importance to turbocharger life. A special frusto-conical, or frusto-spherical, centering geometry is added to the interface of the compressor nut and the nose of the compressor wheel to aid in keeping the wheel, nut, and stub-shaft centered on the turbocharger axis to reduce the degree of core unbalance.

Abstract: Some embodiments of this disclosure relate to techniques for determining trustworthiness scores for entities in an online environment. Often, the techniques gather behavioral information regarding entities from a number of different online sources, and then process this information to generate the trustworthiness scores. In some embodiments, a portion of one entity's score can be scaled with regards to a corresponding portion of another entity's score. In still other embodiments, an entity can be provided with a trustworthiness score that has different category components.

Abstract: Some embodiments of this disclosure relate to techniques for determining trustworthiness scores for entities in an online environment. Often, the techniques gather behavioral information regarding entities from a number of different online sources, and then process this information to generate the trustworthiness scores. In some embodiments, a portion of one entity's score can be scaled with regards to a corresponding portion of another entity's score. In still other embodiments, an entity can be provided with a trustworthiness score that has different category components.

Abstract: Vibration amplitudes are recorded as a function of rotation speed and of frequency and the data is analyzed to estimate a noise floor amplitude threshold for each of a plurality of different speed and frequency sub-ranges. On the basis of training data known to be normal speed-frequency areas which contain significant spectral content in normal operation are deemed “known significant spectral content”, so that during monitoring of new data points which correspond to significant vibration energy at speeds and frequencies different from the known significant spectral content can be deemed “novel significant spectral content” and form the basis for an alert. The estimation of the noise floor is based on a probabilistic analysis of the data in each speed-frequency area and from this analysis an extreme value distribution expressing the probability that any given sample is noise is obtained.

Abstract: Turbochargers operate at extremely high speed, so balance of the rotating core is of the utmost importance to turbocharger life. A special frusto-conical, or frusto-spherical, centering geometry is added to the interface of the compressor nut and the nose of the compressor wheel to aid in keeping the wheel, nut, and stub-shaft centered on the turbocharger axis to reduce the degree of core unbalance.

Abstract: A method of analysing tachometer and vibration response data from an apparatus having one or more rotary components is provided. The method comprises the steps of: providing vibration response data and corresponding tachometer data from the apparatus for a period over which a rotary component of the apparatus varies in rotational speed, the tachometer data being for that component; repeatedly performing at intervals throughout the period the sub-steps of: determining a forcing frequency of the component from the tachometer data and a corresponding vibration response frequency of the apparatus from the vibration response data, comparing the forcing and vibration response frequencies to determine the relative phase difference between the frequencies, and determining the corresponding amplitude of the vibration response from the vibration response data; and plotting the relative phase differences and vibration amplitudes on a polar diagram.

Abstract: A device that provides a gateway between a public switching telephone network and a gateway device comprises a controller interface including telephony circuitry, power circuitry, and a master cellular phone circuit. The controller is connected to at least one public switching network. The controller interface further includes a plurality of cartridge slots connected to the telephony circuitry and the master cellular phone circuitry, wherein the telephony circuitry links the master cellular phone circuitry to the public switching telephone network. The device further includes a plurality of transceiver cartridges removeably connected to the cartridge slots of the controller interface. The transceiver cartridges are operably configured to wirelessly link the master cellular phone circuitry to the cellular networks. Additionally, the controller interface circuitry is operably configured to switch between land line telephone network and the plurality of cellular networks based on preset conditions.

Abstract: A health monitoring apparatus for a mechanical system includes: a microphone arranged to receive sound from the system; and a processor adapted to process the output of the microphone. The mechanical system may be a gas turbine engine. Further, the engine may have a plurality of bleed valves, each of the bleed valves being configured such that, when open, it produces a sound which is distinguishable from the sounds produced by the other bleed valves, and the microphone being arranged to detect the sound from the bleed valves.

Abstract: A method of analysing tachometer and vibration response data from an apparatus having one or more rotary components is provided. The method comprises the steps of: providing vibration response data and corresponding tachometer data from the apparatus for a period over which a rotary component of the apparatus varies in rotational speed, the tachometer data being for that component; repeatedly performing at intervals throughout the period the sub-steps of: determining a forcing frequency of the component from the tachometer data and a corresponding vibration response frequency of the apparatus from the vibration response data, comparing the forcing and vibration response frequencies to determine the relative phase difference between the frequencies, and determining the corresponding amplitude of the vibration response from the vibration response data; and plotting the relative phase differences and vibration amplitudes on a polar diagram.