Abstract: A simple, inexpensive automatic apparatus for unplugging electrical and electronic equipment from electrical circuits such as power, cable television and telephone circuits when an electrical storm is detected in the vicinity of the device by monitoring conditions that typically change near electric storms and, when one or more indicia of a storm are noted, physically disconnecting the device from the circuit(s) so that substantial insulation is interposed between the device and the circuit(s). In some configurations, re-connection of the electrical or electronic equipment automatically occurs after an electrical storm has passed.

Abstract: An adaptable housing for a PC clone computer or the like includes easily removable front and rear panel sections and a cover, all of which are adapted to be conveniently drilled, punched, etc. for internal or external attachment of switches, connectors, and/or other user-installed equipment. A removable card cage resting on a removable base receives a variety of PC boards or other equipment in suitable slots and allows internal routing of cables, conductors, and the like from printed circuit boards mounted in the card cage to slots and/or other printed circuit boards on or connected to a horizontal mother board or back plane attached to the bottom panel of the housing. One or two boxes are attached to the front panel or the bottom panel by means of suitable brackets to carry disk drive units or other equipment.

Abstract: The ash content of a granular coal sample having a moisture content greater than 10% by weight is sensed by bombarding it with primary radiation comprising at least two spectrums of energies (46 KeV and 9-17 KeV) to cause radiative reactions in the coal, sensing the secondary radiation generated by the radiative reactions caused by one of the two spectrums of energies (46 KeV), sensing the secondary radiations at a characteristic fluorescent energy of at least one element (e.g. iron) in the coal sample, the characteristic fluorescent energy being excited by the other of the two spectrums of energies (9-17 KeV), and using the sensed secondary radiations to determine the ash content of the coal.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for determining the concentration of sulphur in coal and to apparatus which enables this method to be put into practice. The method involves measuring the intensities of the X-ray fluorescent radiations from iron and sulphur atoms in a sample of coal which has been excited by X-ray radiation. The measures of the intensities are combined mathematically to give an output from which the concentration of sulphur in the coal may be determined. Using the apparatus described the concentration of sulphur in a sample of coal can be determined quickly and accurately by an unskilled worker.