Abstract: A copolyester having a low melting point and a high crystallinity includes a first recurring unit, a second recurring unit, and a third recurring unit, which are respectively represented by Formulas (I), (II), and (III) defined herein. A molar ratio of the first recurring unit to the second recurring unit ranges from 1:0.5 to 1:3, and a molar ratio of the first recurring unit to the third recurring unit ranges from 1:1.3 to 1:8. The copolyester may have a melting point lower than 220° C. and a lattice enthalpy greater than 12 J/g. A process for producing the copolyester and a fiber made from the copolyester are also disclosed.

Abstract: A process for producing a cationic dyeable polyester includes the steps of: (a) subjecting a combination of a bis-hydroxy alkyl terephthalate monomer of Formula (1) defined herein and an organic diacid monomer mixture which includes an aromatic dicarboxylic acid monomer and a sulfo group-containing aromatic dicarboxylic acid dyeable monomer to an esterification reaction to form an esterification reaction product; and (b) subjecting the esterification reaction product to a polycondensation reaction.

Abstract: A copolyester having a low melting point and a high crystallinity includes a first recurring unit, a second recurring unit, and a third recurring unit, which are respectively represented by Formulas (I), (II), and (III) defined herein. A molar ratio of the first recurring unit to the second recurring unit ranges from 1:0.5 to 1:3, and a molar ratio of the first recurring unit to the third recurring unit ranges from 1:1.3 to 1:8. The copolyester may have a melting point lower than 220° C. and a lattice enthalpy greater than 12 J/g. A process for producing the copolyester and a fiber made from the copolyester are also disclosed.

Abstract: A process for producing a flame-retardant polyester includes step (a) and step (b). In step (a), a combination of a bis-hydroxy alkyl terephthalate monomer and an organic diacid monomer mixture which includes an aromatic dicarboxylic acid monomer and a carboxy-phosphinic acid monomer is subjected to an esterification reaction to form an esterification reaction product. In step (b), the esterification reaction product is subjected to a polycondensation reaction.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing polyester comprises mixing Bis(2-Hydroxyethyl) terephthalate monomer with terephthalic acid to form a mixture, in which the Bis(2-Hydroxyethyl) terephthalate monomer is represented by formula (I) below: esterifying the mixture to form a first polyester mixture; and polymerizing the first polyester mixture to form a second polyester mixture, in which the second polyester mixture has a diethylene glycol concentration of less than 1 wt % but greater than 0.1 wt %, based on the total weight of the second polyester mixture, and a polydispersity index of polyethylene terephthalate in the second polyester mixture is less than 3 but greater than 2.

Abstract: A process for producing a low viscosity polyester polyol includes the steps of: (a) preparing a mixture which includes an aromatic diacid-based compound, an alkali metal ion-containing compound, and an aliphatic diol compound; and (b) subjecting the mixture to a reaction, wherein the alkali metal ion-containing compound has an alkali metal ion content of from 10 ppm to 12000 ppm based on a total weight of the mixture.

Abstract: A stabilizer for producing a polyester resin comprises a phosphate ester composition which includes a phosphate ester compound having Formula (I), wherein X1 represents and X2 represents H or wherein R1 and R2 are independently selected from the group consisting of a linear C2-C4 alkylene group, a branched C3-C4 alkylene group, and a combination thereof.

Abstract: A process for producing a cationic dyeable polyester includes the steps of: (a) subjecting a combination of a bis-hydroxy alkyl terephthalate monomer of Formula (1) defined herein and an organic diacid monomer mixture which includes an aromatic dicarboxylic acid monomer and a sulfo group-containing aromatic dicarboxylic acid dyeable monomer to an esterification reaction to form an esterification reaction product; and (b) subjecting the esterification reaction product to a polycondensation reaction.

Abstract: A process for preparing bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate, comprising a step of: subjecting ethylene oxide and terephthalic acid in a molar ratio of from 2.5:1 to 3.5:1 to a reaction at an elevated temperature of up to 150° C. in the presence of a solvent mixture containing water and a diol cosolvent in a weight ratio of from 0.2:1 to 5:1.

Abstract: A process for reducing diethylene glycol formation in polyethylene terephthalate includes (a) subjecting a mixture of bis(2-hydroxyethyl)terephthalate with aromatic polycarboxylic acid to an esterification reaction, and (b) subjecting the esterification reaction product to polycondensation.

Abstract: A process for preparing bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate, comprising a step of: subjecting ethylene oxide and terephthalic acid in a molar ratio of from 2:1 to 3:1 to a reaction at an elevated temperature in the presence of a solvent mixture containing water and a C6-C8 hydrocarbon in a weight ratio of from 1:1 to 3:1.

Abstract: A method for preparing a stabilizer containing phosphate ester, including following steps: (1) distributing a compound containing phosphorous and oxide in polar aprotic solvent to obtain a mixture; (2) adding bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate (BHET) into the mixture to carry out a reaction so as to obtain a solution; and (3) hydrolyzing the solution to obtain a stabilizer containing phosphate ester, where the stabilizer includes compounds represented by the following formulas (I) and (II): where X1, X2 and X3 are independently selected from the moiety represented by following formula (III), and R1 and R2 are independently selected from one of the linear or branched alkylene radicals comprising 2 to 4 carbon atoms The method yields a phosphate ester containing a phosphate monoester and a phosphate diester of a high content and only a minor amount of phosphoric acid in the absence of phosphate triester without the step of extraction.

Abstract: A stabilizer for producing a polyester resin comprises a phosphate ester composition which includes a phosphate ester compound having Formula (I), wherein X1 represents and X2 represents H or wherein R1 and R2 are independently selected from the group consisting of a linear C2-C4 alkylene group, a branched C3-C4 alkylene group, and a combination thereof.

Abstract: A process for producing a flame-retardant polyester includes step (a) and step (b). In step (a), a combination of a bis-hydroxy alkyl terephthalate monomer and an organic diacid monomer mixture which includes an aromatic dicarboxylic acid monomer and a carboxy-phosphinic acid monomer is subjected to an esterification reaction to form an esterification reaction product. In step (b), the esterification reaction product is subjected to a polycondensation reaction.

Abstract: A process for preparing bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate, comprising a step of: subjecting ethylene oxide and terephthalic acid in a molar ratio of from 2:1 to 3:1 to a reaction at an elevated temperature in the presence of a solvent mixture containing water and a C6-C8 hydrocarbon in a weight ratio of from 1:1 to 3:1.

Abstract: A process for reducing diethylene glycol formation in polyethylene terephthalate includes (a) subjecting a mixture of bis(2-hydroxyethyl)terephthalate with aromatic polycarboxylic acid to an esterification reaction, and (b) subjecting the esterification reaction product to polycondensation.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method of manufacturing bis(2-hydroxyethyl) cyclohexane-1,4-dicarboxylate (BHCD) and derivatives thereof. The method includes the following steps. A first reactant including bis-hydroxyethyl terephthalate (BHET) is provided. 2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl 2-hydroxyethyl terephthalate (BHEET) is added to the first reactant including BHET to form a second reactant. The second reactant is hydrogenated.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method of manufacturing bis(2-hydroxyethyl) cyclohexane-1,4-dicarboxylate (BHCD) and derivatives thereof. The method includes the following steps. A first reactant including bis-hydroxyethyl terephthalate (BHET) is provided. 2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl 2-hydroxyethyl terephthalate (BHEET) is added to the first reactant including BHET to form a second reactant. The second reactant is hydrogenated.

Abstract: A modified copolyester composition includes a copolymer obtained by subjecting a stoichiometric mixture of an aromatic dicarboxylic acid-based component and a diol component to a polycondensation reaction, wherein the diol component includes a major amount of a C2-C4 aliphatic diol and a minor amount of an aromatic diol compound represented by Formula (I) defined herein, and wherein the dicarboxylic acid-based component is selected from the group consisting of an aromatic dicarboxylic acid, an aromatic dicarboxylic dialkyl ester, and a combination thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides a biologically pure culture of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which culture has a characteristic nature capable of highly producing lactic acid. A method for preparing the biologically pure culture and a method for production of lactic acid are also provided.