Abstract: 1R-cis, 1'R-cis isomer of a 2',2'-(3,11-dioxo-4,10-dioxatridecylene)-bis-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6,7-dimet hoxy-2-methyl-1-veratrylisoquinolinium) salt, substantially free from other geometrical and optical isomers thereof. The 1R-cis,1'R-cis isomer has been found to have an advantageous combination of pharmacological properties, notably greater neuromuscular blocking potency, weaker histamine-releasing potency, and at equivalent levels of neuromuscular blockade, fewer potential adverse effects on the autonomic nervous system (sympathetic and parasympathetic blockade), in comparison with the known mixture of geometrical and optical isomers.

Abstract: 1R-cis,1'R-cis isomer of a 2',2'-(3,11-dioxo-4,10-dioxatridecylene)-bis(1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6, 7-dimethoxy-2-methyl-1-veratrylisoquinolium) said, substantially free from other geometrical and optical isomers thereof. The 1R-cis,1'R-cis isomer has been found to have an advantageous combination of pharmacological properties, notably greater neuromuscular blocking potency, weaker histamine-releasing potency, and at equivalent levels of neuromuscular blockade, fewer potential adverse effects on the autonomic nervous system (sympathetic and parasympathetic blockage), in comparison with the known mixture of geometrical and optical isomers.

Abstract: Apparatus 1 for sampling the contents of a pressurised vessel 2 comprises a valve 3 having an inlet 4 and an outlet 5. The inlet 4 is in communication with the interior of the vessel 2. A sample-receiving pressure receptacle 7 is connectable to the valve outlet 5 in a sealing manner, and a pressure venting line 8 is provided for equalizing the interior of the receptacle 7 with the atmosphere. When the valve 3 is open, a sample of pressurized vessel contents can enter the receptacle 7. When the valve is then closed, the sample remains in the receptacle 7. A probe 31, operable from outside the pressurized vessel 2, is provided so that, when the valve 3 is open, a sample of the vessel contents can be drawn through the valve and into the receptacle 7.