Patents by Inventor Derek J. Fray
Derek J. Fray has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).
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Publication number: 20160258074Abstract: A method of producing titanium, comprising providing an oxide of titanium having a level of impurities of at least 1.0 wt %, reacting the oxide of titanium to form a titanium oxycarbide; and electrolysing the titanium oxycarbide in an electrolyte, with the titanium oxycarbide configured as an anode; and recovering a refined titanium metal from a cathode in the electrolyte.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 24, 2012Publication date: September 8, 2016Inventors: Derek J. Fray, Shuqiang Jiao
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Publication number: 20160010232Abstract: A method of producing titanium, comprising providing an oxide of titanium having a level of impurities of at least 1.0 wt %, reacting the oxide of titanium to form a titanium oxycarbide; and electrolysing the titanium oxycarbide in an electrolyte, with the titanium oxycarbide configured as an anode; and recovering a refined titanium metal from a cathode in the electrolyte.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 18, 2015Publication date: January 14, 2016Inventors: Derek J. Fray, Shuqiang Jiao
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Patent number: 9181604Abstract: A method of producing titanium, comprising providing an oxide of titanium having a level of impurities of at least 1.0 wt %, reacting the oxide of titanium to form a titanium oxycarbide; and electrolyzing the titanium oxycarbide in an electrolyte, with the titanium oxycarbide configured as an anode; and recovering a refined titanium metal from a cathode in the electrolyte.Type: GrantFiled: July 28, 2010Date of Patent: November 10, 2015Assignee: Chinuka LimitedInventors: Derek J. Fray, Shuqiang Jiao
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Publication number: 20120152756Abstract: A method of producing titanium, comprising providing an oxide of titanium having a level of impurities of at least 1.0 wt %, reacting the oxide of titanium to form a titanium oxycarbide; and electrolysing the titanium oxycarbide in an electrolyte, with the titanium oxycarbide configured as an anode; and recovering a refined titanium metal from a cathode in the electrolyte.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 28, 2010Publication date: June 21, 2012Applicant: CHINUKA LIMITEDInventors: Derek J. Fray, Shuqiang Jiao
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Patent number: 5192404Abstract: A method for the detection and measurement of a minor element in a molten metal, the minor element being selected from the group of phosphorous, silicon, arsenic, antimony and sulfur, includes providing a first electrical lead (5) and immersing it in the molten metal (6), disposing a solid electrolyte matrix (2) in the molten metal in spaced relationship to the first electrical lead, providing a second electrical lead (3) connected to the solid electrolyte matrix (2) so that the matrix is between and separates the leads when the matrix is disposed in the molten metal, and connecting a voltmeter (7) between the other ends of the electrical leads and measuring the EMF between the leads as an indication of the concentration of the minor element in the molten metal. The solid electrolyte is a matrix (2) of alumina selected from the group consisting of .beta.-alumina and .alpha.+.beta.Type: GrantFiled: September 18, 1991Date of Patent: March 9, 1993Assignee: Mineral Industry Research OrganisationInventors: Derek J. Fray, Ramachandran V. Kumar
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Patent number: 5096552Abstract: The concentration of an element in a molten metallurgical phase (3) is measured by applying an electrical potential across two electrodes (1, 2) separated by a solid electrolyte (7) containing cations of the element to be measured immersed in the melt, and measuring the current flowing between them. The solid electrolyte is preferably of .beta.-alumina or zirconium silicate or phosphate.Type: GrantFiled: December 5, 1989Date of Patent: March 17, 1992Assignee: Mineral Industry Research OrganisationInventor: Derek J. Fray
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Patent number: 4999092Abstract: The invention provides a method of transporting a liquid A past or around a barrier, by adding a solute S to liquid A on one side of the barrier and correspondingly removing solute S from liquid A on the other side of the barrier, the solute S being such as to change the density of the liquid A when dissolving in it, thereby providing a motive force for its motion around the barrier. An example of the application of the invention is in a two-part electrolytic cell (1) comprising electrowinning and electrofining half cells (2 and 3, respectively), wherein the metal, solute S, is electrowon into a liquid (16,16a), liquid A, on one side of the cell's common electrode (4), the barrier, in the electrowinning half cell (2), and electrolytically removed from the liquid (17,17a) on the other side of the common electrode (4), in the electrorefining half cell (3).Type: GrantFiled: March 20, 1989Date of Patent: March 12, 1991Assignee: Metallurg, Inc.Inventor: Derek J. Fray
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Patent number: 4904356Abstract: A carbon block acts as a cell electrode. Channels are formed in its face which is to face the cell diaphragm. The channels provide an interconnected network including retention pools arranged to hold, release, break up and mix a liquid stream passing through them.Type: GrantFiled: May 1, 1989Date of Patent: February 27, 1990Assignee: National Research Development CorporationInventor: Derek J. Fray
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Patent number: 4879005Abstract: An electrochemical sensor for hydrogen has, as its reference, a metal having a choice of oxidation states, the metal redox reaction comprising the reference.The sensor preferably comprises(i) a platinum-black electrode 6 which is electronically conductive and in which the hydrogen to be sensed is mobile,(ii) a solid-state conductor 5 for protons, and(iii) a mixture 4 of FeSO.sub.4 and Fe.sub.2 (SO.sub.4).sub.3 powders, with the Fe(II)/Fe(III) redox reaction in this mixture providing the hydrogen reference.Type: GrantFiled: September 22, 1988Date of Patent: November 7, 1989Assignee: National Research Development CorporationInventors: Derek J. Fray, David R. Morris
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Patent number: 4869790Abstract: An electrolytic cell for the electrolysis of molten salt having rotatable anode and cathode electrodes in a container for the molten electrolyte. The electrodes are conical in shape and have vent holes facilitating removal of evolved gases from the electrode surfaces. The liberated metal is thrown from the electrode and collected. The electrodes may be arranged in a symmetrical stack.Type: GrantFiled: June 13, 1988Date of Patent: September 26, 1989Assignee: The British Petroleum Company p.l.c.Inventors: James A. Charles, Piers M. Copham, Derek J. Fray
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Patent number: 4857156Abstract: Powdered FeMn alloy is leached with liquid bismuth, which alloys preferentially with the manganese to form liquid BiMn alloy, leaving behind iron powder. The BiMn is then electrorefined; an anode 1 selectively ionises the manganese, which is carried to the cathode 3 where it is reduced to the metal and collected in a stream of molten aluminium as AlMn master alloy.Type: GrantFiled: November 25, 1987Date of Patent: August 15, 1989Assignee: National Research Development CorporationInventors: Derek J. Fray, Alan J. Godsell
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Patent number: 4800069Abstract: Zinc and other metals are recovered form strongly bound zinc ferrite compounds in furnace dust. To the dust is added 1 weight percent of free zinc oxide unless already present. The dust is treated for 1 hour at 750C with a 20:1 air:chlorine mixture whereby the zinc, lead and cadmium are removed from the dust as volatilised chloride.Type: GrantFiled: September 21, 1987Date of Patent: January 24, 1989Assignee: National Research Development CorporationInventor: Derek J. Fray
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Patent number: 4645650Abstract: This method of obtaining an aqueous solution of metal values from an insoluble metal oxide is possible where the metal has a lower oxidation number in the solution than in the insoluble oxide, for example manganese (+2 and +4 respectively).The oxide, such as MnO.sub.2, is treated with hot mineral acid such as HCl in the presence of coal. After some hours, the liquid comes to contain most of the manganese as dissolved Mn(II) ion.Type: GrantFiled: July 5, 1985Date of Patent: February 24, 1987Assignee: National Research Development CorporationInventors: Derek J. Fray, Herbert A. Hancock
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Patent number: 4412893Abstract: A method of cation reduction by anode-assisted electrolysis comprises electrolyzing cations at a cathode of a cell in which the anolyte contains ferrous ion as a reducing agent, with relative motion between the anode and the anolyte such as to promote contact of the anode with ferrous ion despite their mutual electrostatic repulsion, wherein the concentration of the ferrous ion is from 0.5 to 10 g/l. The relative motion between the anode and the anolyte can take the form of air-sparging. The method can be used to produce copper metal from copper solution. While static relationship is maintained between the cathode and the catholyte, the anolyte being in free communication with the catholyte.Type: GrantFiled: February 8, 1983Date of Patent: November 1, 1983Assignee: National Research Development CorporationInventors: Derek J. Fray, John P. Chilton, Arthur V. Cooke
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Patent number: 4292147Abstract: Electrolysing an aqueous solution of zinc chloride or cadmium chloride of a concentration of 15-35 weight % at pH 2-3.5 below 35 C with gas agitation at a current density exceeding 1000 A/m.sup.2, whereby coherent zinc or cadmium is yielded at the cathode.Type: GrantFiled: June 20, 1980Date of Patent: September 29, 1981Assignee: National Research Development CorporationInventors: Derek J. Fray, Bernard K. Thomas
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Patent number: 4217179Abstract: Apparatus for determining the lithium content of a substance by monitoring the e.m.f. generated between the substance and a reference material containing lithium, the substance and reference being separated from one another by a solid electrolyte which is electrically conductive to lithium ions, comprises a probe adapted to contain the reference material and to separate the reference material from the substance when the probe is introduced thereto, and in which the solid electrolyte of the probe comprises .beta.-spodumene; a preferred tubular probe form of said apparatus being produced by a process in which a pellet of .beta.-spodumene is fabricated in situ in the end of a tube of refractory material. In addition, a process for the determination of lithium present in a substance comprises determining the e.m.f. generated between the substance and a reference material containing lithium, in which the reference material and substance are separated by a solid electrolyte comprising .beta.-spodumene.Type: GrantFiled: July 3, 1979Date of Patent: August 12, 1980Assignee: National Research Development CorporationInventor: Derek J. Fray
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Patent number: 4166013Abstract: Polycrystalline gallium beta-alumina is made by electrolyzing sodium beta-alumina using, as the anode, liquid gallium and liquid gallium chloride in contact with the beta-alumina.Type: GrantFiled: April 26, 1978Date of Patent: August 28, 1979Assignee: National Research Development CorporationInventors: Derek J. Fray, Robert Gee
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Patent number: 4166009Abstract: A method for the detection or determination of an element in a substance comprising that element by monitoring the e.m.f. generated between the substance and a reference material, in which the reference material is a solid electrolyte comprising a .beta.-alumina containing said element or a solid compound of said element separated from the substance by said electrolyte.Type: GrantFiled: December 13, 1977Date of Patent: August 28, 1979Assignee: National Research Development CorporationInventor: Derek J. Fray