Abstract: A system for applying low pressure gas lift artificial lift enables improved efficiency in gas and oil well production. The system comprises: a central tubing in a well hole of the well, the tubing having a well head end and a well sump end; an annulus that extends around the central tubing between from the well head end to the sump end; a compressed gas source; a gas lift gas line connecting the compressed gas source to the well hole; a gas compressor having an input and an output, wherein the output is connected to the annulus; a flowline connected to the well head end of the central tubing; and an automatically controlled flowline choke in the flowline.

Abstract: A system for applying low pressure gas lift artificial lift enables improved efficiency in gas and oil well production. The system comprises: a central tubing in a well hole of the well, the tubing having a well head end and a well sump end; an annulus that extends around the central tubing between from the well head end to the sump end; a compressed gas source; a gas lift gas line connecting the compressed gas source to the well hole; a gas compressor having an input and an output, wherein the output is connected to the annulus; a flowline connected to the well head end of the central tubing; and an automatically controlled flowline choke in the flowline.

Abstract: A pressure vessel balanced refuelling system enables greater volumes of gas to be used as working volumes and increases gas storage efficiency. The system includes a plurality of pressure vessels, each vessel having a liquid transfer opening for the entry and exit of a liquid that is used to displace a gas inside each vessel. A liquid transfer line extends from an outside to an inside of each vessel in the plurality of pressure vessels through the liquid transfer opening, and a liquid balance line inter-connects the liquid transfer opening of each vessel with the liquid transfer opening of each other vessel. Thus a balance liquid transfer path extends from an inside to an outside of one vessel, then from the outside to the inside of each other vessel through the liquid balance line, enabling a liquid level in the one vessel to remain approximately equal to a liquid level in each other vessel.

Abstract: A pressure vessel refueling system enables consistent mass flow rates and reduces the in-tank temperature rise caused by the heat of compression as gas is added to a vessel. The system includes a pressure vessel having a first gas inlet/outlet port and an interior cavity, and a nozzle is in fluid communication with the first gas inlet/outlet port. The nozzle and the pressure vessel are thermally coupled such that Joule-Thomson expansion of a gas flowing through the nozzle cools the interior cavity and contents of the pressure vessel.

Abstract: An improved vehicle fuel system enables mixing of natural gas and a liquid fuel upstream of a combustion cylinder. According to some embodiments the system includes: a gas pressure vessel and associated gas pressurization system to deliver natural gas at a desired pressure; a liquid fuel storage vessel and associated reservoir pump to deliver liquid fuel at a desired pressure; a mixing system configured to receive and mix the liquid fuel from the liquid fuel storage vessel and natural gas from the gas pressure vessel to produce a homogeneous fluid fuel mixture; and a common rail system connecting the mixing system to an engine that consumes the homogeneous fluid fuel.

Abstract: A pressure vessel refueling system enables fast refueling of Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) fuel tanks. The system includes a pressure vessel having a gas inlet/outlet port and a liquid inlet/outlet port; a first liquid at least partially filling the pressure vessel; a liquid layer of a second liquid floating on top of the first liquid, wherein the second liquid is immiscible with the first liquid; a gas at least partially filling the pressure vessel above the liquid layer of the second liquid, the gas in fluid communication with the gas inlet/outlet; and a pump in fluid communication with the liquid inlet/outlet of the pressure vessel, whereby the first liquid can be pumped or returned to/from storage into or out of the pressure vessel.

Abstract: A pressure vessel refuelling system enables fast fill refuelling of CNG fuel tanks by inducing a stratification of gas temperatures inside a tank during refuelling, then re-cycling a portion of the relatively warmer gas out of the tank during refuelling and back to a gas chiller. The system includes a pressure vessel having a lower end, a first gas port and a second gas port, wherein the second gas port is positioned above the lower end of the pressure vessel; and a cooling circuit connecting the first gas port with the second gas port; whereby gas flowing from an interior cavity of the pressure vessel through the second gas port is cooled in the cooling circuit before returning to the pressure vessel through the first gas port; and whereby a temperature of gas inside the pressure vessel varies from a first temperature at a level of the lower end of the pressure vessel to a second temperature, which is higher than the first temperature, at a level of the second gas port.

Abstract: An improved vehicle fuel system enables mixing of natural gas and a liquid fuel upstream of a combustion cylinder. According to some embodiments the system includes: a gas pressure vessel and associated gas pressurisation system to deliver natural gas at a desired pressure; a liquid fuel storage vessel and associated reservoir pump to deliver liquid fuel at a desired pressure; a mixing system configured to receive and mix the liquid fuel from the liquid fuel storage vessel and natural gas from the gas pressure vessel to produce a homogeneous fluid fuel mixture; and a common rail system connecting the mixing system to an engine that consumes the homogeneous fluid fuel.

Abstract: A system and method enable intelligent refuelling of a pressurised vessel. The method includes receiving a gas at a refuelling port, wherein the refuelling port is coupled to the pressure vessel; determining a temperature 5 of the pressure vessel; determining a pressure of the pressure vessel; directing the gas through a nozzle, wherein the pressure vessel and nozzle are thermally coupled such that Joule-Thomson expansion of a gas flowing through the nozzle cools an interior cavity of the pressure vessel; and controlling a shut-off valve according to an amount of gas in the pressure 10 vessel determined according to the temperature and pressure, wherein the shut-off valve is located between the refuelling port and the pressure vessel, for controlling a flow of gas between the refuelling port and the pressure vessel.

Abstract: A pressure vessel balanced refuelling system enables greater volumes of gas to be used as working volumes and increases gas storage efficiency. The system includes a plurality of pressure vessels, each vessel having a liquid transfer opening for the entry and exit of a liquid that is used to displace a gas inside each vessel. A liquid transfer line extends from an outside to an inside of each vessel in the plurality of pressure vessels through the liquid transfer opening, and a liquid balance line inter-connects the liquid transfer opening of each vessel with the liquid transfer opening of each other vessel. Thus a balance liquid transfer path extends from an inside to an outside of one vessel, then from the outside to the inside of each other vessel through the liquid balance line, enabling a liquid level in the one vessel to remain approximately equal to a liquid level in each other vessel.

Abstract: A pressure vessel refuelling system enables fast refuelling of Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) fuel tanks. The system includes a pressure vessel having a gas inlet/outlet port and a liquid inlet/outlet port; a first liquid at least partially filling the pressure vessel; a liquid layer of a second liquid floating on top of the first liquid, wherein the second liquid is immiscible with the first liquid; a gas at least partially filling the pressure vessel above the liquid layer of the second liquid, the gas in fluid communication with the gas inlet/outlet; and a pump in fluid communication with the liquid inlet/outlet of the pressure vessel, whereby the first liquid can be pumped or returned to/from storage into or out of the pressure vessel.

Abstract: A pressure vessel refuelling system enables consistent mass flow rates and reduces the in-tank temperature rise caused by the heat of compression as gas is added to a vessel. The system includes a pressure vessel having a first gas inlet/outlet port and an interior cavity, and a nozzle is in fluid communication with the first gas inlet/outlet port. The nozzle and the pressure vessel are thermally coupled such that Joule-Thomson expansion of a gas flowing through the nozzle cools the interior cavity and contents of the pressure vessel.