Abstract: A pipe fitting configured to be coupled to a pipe. The pipe fitting includes a body that is elongate along a central axis that extends in a longitudinal direction. The body includes a shell, a stiffener, and a shell-stiffener. The shell includes a shell inner surface that defines a shell through hole that extends through the shell in the longitudinal direction. The stiffener is positioned within the shell through hole, and the stiffener includes a stiffener outer surface that faces the shell inner surface such that the stiffener outer surface and the shell inner surface cooperate to define a pocket configured to receive the pipe. A shell-stiffener seal member is positioned about the stiffener such that a seal member inner surface is substantially flush against the stiffener outer surface and a seal member outer surface abuts against the shell inner surface.

Abstract: A pipe fitting configured to be coupled to a pipe. The pipe fitting includes a body that is elongate along a central axis that extends in a longitudinal direction. The body includes a shell, a stiffener, and a shell-stiffener. The shell includes a shell inner surface that defines a shell through hole that extends through the shell in the longitudinal direction. The stiffener is positioned within the shell through hole, and the stiffener includes a stiffener outer surface that faces the shell inner surface such that the stiffener outer surface and the shell inner surface cooperate to define a pocket configured to receive the pipe. A shell-stiffener seal member is positioned about the stiffener such that a seal member inner surface is substantially flush against the stiffener outer surface and a seal member outer surface abuts against the shell inner surface.

Abstract: A heat exchanger for fluids includes an elongated conduit. At least two spaced fluid passageways are defined in the conduit and extend longitudinally through the conduit from a first end thereof to a second end thereof. A heat transfer element thermally contacts a surface of the conduit to transfer heat to or from a fluid flowing through the at least two spaced passageways. The conduit can be unitary and of one piece. In one embodiment, the conduit can be a single crystal.