Abstract: Described herein is a polyion complex, including x mol of polycations and y mol of polyanions, x and y being integers from the range of 1 to 100 and x being ?y or x being ?y. Also described herein is a method for producing a polyion complex, an aqueous solution of a polyion complex obtained using the method, and the aqueous solution of a polyion complex itself. Also described herein is a method of using a polyion complex to modify the surface of polymer fibers and/or carbon fibers and a method for modifying the surface of polymer fibers and/or carbon fibers using an aqueous solution of the polyion complex. Also described herein are surface-modified polymer fibers and/or carbon fibers obtained using the method, the surface-modified polymer fibers and/or carbon fibers themselves, methods of use thereof to produce fiber-modified construction materials, and a fiber-modified construction material including same.

Abstract: Described herein is a hydrophobizing agent for mineral materials, including: a polyion complex (i) including at least one polycation (i.1) and at least one polyanion (i.2), where the molar ratio of polycation:polyanion in the polyion complex is ?1; and a silicone compound composition (ii). Also described herein are a process for producing the hydrophobizing agent, a method of using the hydrophobizing agent for the hydrophobizing of mineral binders and/or compositions which contain mineral binders and/or materials which include mineral binders, and a binder composition including one or more mineral binder(s) and a corresponding hydrophobizing agent. Also described herein is a process for hydrophobizing materials which include mineral binders, and a hydrophobized material including mineral binders and obtained by this process. Also described herein is a hydrophobized material which includes mineral binders, including the reaction product of one or more mineral binder(s), the hydrophobizing agent and water.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a hydrophobizing dispersion gel having reduced active substance content, comprising relative to a total quantity of 100 wt. % the components: (A) 0.1-less than 50 wt. % alkyltrialkoxysilane, (B) 0.1-1.0 wt. % branched polyacrylic acid (C) 0.5-2.0 wt. % trialkyl-amine-N-oxide, (D) 3.0-10 wt. % non-ionic tenside and (E) 10-80 wt. % water. The invention further relates to a method for producing the hydrophobizing dispersion gel and its use for hydrophobizing mineral materials.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel 3-chloromethylsulfonylmethyl-4-sulfomethyl-pyrrolidinium betaines (chloromethylsulfonyl-sulfobetaines) of the general formula I and to processes for the preparation thereof. The compounds according to the formula I can be used as organic intermediates for further syntheses or, if they contain a long-chain alkyl radical, as polyfunctional surfactants. Molar quantities of diallylammonium chloride are reacted with dichloroacetic acid and twice the molar quantity of sodium hydrogen sulfite in the presence of a catalytic quantity of a peroxodisulfate and, after the addition of a catalytic quantity of iodide, the reaction solution obtained is converted by heating to 3-chloro-methylsulfonylmethyl-4-sulfomethyl-pyrrolidinium betaines (chloromethylsulfonyl-sulfobetaines) of the general formula I.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel sulfobetaine-substituted .alpha.-sulfonylcarboxylic acids of the general formula I and to processes for the preparation thereof. As organic intermediates, the compounds according to formula I represent a reactive synthesis component having the character of a sulfobetaine and can be used for further syntheses. In the case of a long-chain alkyl radical R.sub.1, polyfunctional surfactants are obtained. According to the invention, molar quantities of diallylammonium chloride are reacted with chloroacetic acid and twice the molar quantity of sodium hydrogen sulfite in the presence of a catalytic quantity of a peroxodisulfate, and the reaction solution obtained is converted, after addition of a catalytic quantity of iodide, by heating into sulfobetaine-substituted .alpha.-sulfonylacetic acids according to the general formula I.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel 3-methylsulfonylmethyl-4-sulfomethyl-pyrrolidinium betaines (methylsulfonyl-sulfobetaines) of the general formula I, which can be used as intermediates for further syntheses or, if they contain a long-chain alkyl radical, as polyfunctional surfactants or hydrotopes [sic]. Molar quantities of a diallylammonium salt are reacted together with chloroacetic acid and twice the molar quantity of sodium hydrogen sulfite in the presence of a catalytic quantity of a peroxodisulfate and the reaction solution obtained is, after addition of a catalytic quantity of iodide as well as calcium carbonate, converted to 3-methylsulfonylmethyl-4-sulfomethyl-pyrrolidinium betaines I by heating until the evolution of carbon dioxide has ceased.

Abstract: Novel 3-sulfinatomethyl or 3-sulfonatomethyl-4-sulfomethyl-pyrrolidinium betaines are disclosed which have the formula ##STR1## These novel compounds are obtained by reacting diallyl-triallyl ammonium salts or their methallyl derivatives with hydrogen sulfite in the presence of peroxo disulfates alone or in a mixture with other oxidation agents with a pH-value-range from 1.5 to 6.0 in a watery solution, whereby in light of the selection of the amount of hydrogen sulfite in combination with the amount peroxo disulfate different SO.sub.2.sup.- --or SO.sub.3 .sup.- substituted sulfomethyl-pyrralidinium betaines are generated.The novel compounds are effective as specific tensides in a wide pH-range and can be extensively used as intermediary products.

Abstract: Novel 2-substituted 3-sulfo propyl-ammonium betaines are disclosed which have the formula ##STR1## and which are obtained in accordance with the invention by reacting allyl-or methallyl ammonium salt with hydrogen sulfite in the pH-value- of 2,0 to 4,0 in the presence of a peroxo disulfates, if need be, in combination with other oxidation agents in watery solution.The novel compounds are useable in a wide pH-value effective tensides or may be used as reactive intermediary products.

Abstract: The invention relates to new sulfobetaines and a process for the manufacture of cyclic sulfobetaines of a substituted 4-sulfomethyl-pyrrolidinium betaine type.Diallylammonium combinations are converted with salts of sulfurous acid, under good mixing and mild reaction conditions, in the presence of catalytic acting transition metallic ions of the first, fifth, seventh or eighth secondary groups of the Period Table and initiators at pH 2-9. The process is technologically easily carried out, requires only little energy, while the combinations according to this invention can be selectively manufactured with a nearly quantitative yield. The fact that no carcinogenic alkylates are employed, technical chemicals and tap water may be used, and hardly any by-products are formed, may be regarded as further advantages of this process.The substances can be used for multiple purposes, for instance as conductive coating and antistatic materials.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the manufacture of N-substituted 3-sulfopropylammonium betaines.N-substituted allylammonium compounds are reacted in the presence of initiators, such as oxygen, and catalytic acting transition metallic ions of the first, fifth, seventh or eighth secondary groups of the Periodic Table, with salts of sulfurous acid under mild reaction conditions.The process can be executed with simple equipment and requires only small energy expenditures, the compounds of the present invention being produced selectively in an almost quantitative yield.Further advantages of the process: the use of carcinogenic alkylates can be avoided, chemicals of technical purity and tap water can be employed and hardly any by-products result.The substances have surface tension qualities and can be employed in many technical fields, especially in laundry agent formulations for energy-saving laundering processes.