Abstract: A heating device for a sensor element of a gas sensor, in particular for use in exhaust gas analysis of internal combustion engines, has a heating element, which has an electrical resistor layer. The heating element is electrically insulated from at least one solid electrolyte layer by a layer containing barium and/or strontium and/or calcium. For this purpose, the heating element is embedded in a first insulator, which is adjoined by a second insulator. The first insulator has a higher barium and/or strontium and/or calcium content (expressed in weight percentage) than the second insulator.

Abstract: A sensor element is provided for gas sensors, in particular to determine particles in gas mixtures, the sensor element including at least one electrochemical measuring element exposed to the gas mixture to be determined, and at least one temperature-measuring element integrated into the sensor element. The temperature-measuring element includes a resistor track, which has an electric resistance of less than 180 Ohm at 0° C. The resistor track may thus be produced by thin-foil technology, such as screen printing, for example.

Abstract: A gas sensor for detecting particles in a gas stream has a first electrochemical pump cell, which has a measuring chamber in which a first electrode is disposed to pump particles between the first measuring chamber and the gas stream. Furthermore, a second electrochemical pump cell is provided, which has a second measuring chamber in which a second electrode is disposed so as to pump particles. The second measuring chamber is connected to the gas stream via an absorber medium for absorption of the particles to be detected. This makes it possible to absorb the particles to be detected in a first operating mode using the absorber medium, and to desorb the absorbed particles in a second operating mode, and to detect the quantity of the desorbed particles. Thus, the gas sensor is able to take even low concentrations into account, and short-term measuring errors do not have such a serious effect.

Abstract: A sensor element is provided for determining at least one physical property of a gas mixture in at least one gas chamber, which includes at least one component to be identified, especially oxygen, and at least one oxidizable component, especially a combustion gas. The sensor element has at least one first electrode, at least one second electrode, and at least one solid electrolyte connecting the at least one first electrode and the at least one second electrode. The at least one second electrode has a lower catalytic activity, particularly a lower electrocatalytic activity with respect to the at least one oxidizable component than the at least one first electrode.

Abstract: A measuring sensor is described for determining a physical property of a measured gas, especially for determining the oxygen concentration or the pollutant concentration in the exhaust gas of internal combustion engines, which has a sensor element that is exposable to the measured gas which is at least partially coated with a protective layer that protects against harmful components in the measured gas. In order to achieve producing a “contamination protection”, that is cost-effective from a manufacturing technology point of view, particularly against silicon compounds and phosphorus compounds, the protective layer (26) is made of highly active ?- or ?-aluminum oxide (Al2O3) having additives of compounds of the alkaline metals group, the alkaline earths group, the IV B subgroup or the lanthanides group.

Abstract: A sensor element is used to detect a physical property of a measuring gas, preferably to determine the oxygen content or the temperature of an exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine. The sensor element contains a first solid electrolyte layer and a second solid electrolyte layer. A first printed conductor and a second printed conductor are provided on opposite sides of the first solid electrolyte layer, the first printed conductor including a first electrode and a feed line to the first electrode, and the second printed conductor including a second electrode and a feed line to the second electrode. A third printed conductor, which includes a third electrode and a feed line to the third electrode, is provided on the second solid electrolyte layer. The second printed conductor is positioned between the third electrode and the first printed conductor.

Abstract: A sensor element for gas sensors is described for determining gas components of a gas mixture, especially in exhaust gases of internal combustion engines, having at least one electrochemical measuring cell and at least one porous layer that is exposed to the gas mixture. The porous layer contains palladium, platinum, ruthenium, an alkali metal and/or an alkaline earth metal, the platinum being contained in the porous layer at a minimum concentration of 1.5 wt. %. Furthermore, a method and an impregnating solution are described for producing the sensor element.

Abstract: A sensor element is provided for gas sensors, in particular to determine particles in gas mixtures, the sensor element including at least one electrochemical measuring element exposed to the gas mixture to be determined, and at least one temperature-measuring element integrated into the sensor element. The temperature-measuring element includes a resistor track, which has an electric resistance of less than 180 Ohm at 0° C. The resistor track may thus be produced by thin-foil technology, such as screen printing, for example.

Abstract: A sensor for detecting particles in a gas flow, in particular soot particles in an exhaust gas flow, includes at least two measuring electrodes, which are positioned on a substrate made of an insulating material. To protect the measuring electrodes, they are covered by a protective layer.

Abstract: In an apparatus that ascertains a concentration of a component in a gas mixture, the apparatus includes: a gas measurement chamber, in which the concentration of the component is adjustable against an influence of an interface, acting across a diffusion barrier, with the concentration in the gas mixture, whereby the influence of the interface is compensated for by a controllable current of ions of the component by way of a solid electrolyte, which is charged with a controllable pumping voltage, serves as a pumping mechanism, and is located between the gas measurement chamber and the gas mixture, so that a parameter that characterizes a current constitutes a measurement for the concentration in the gas mixture, whereby the solid electrolyte is at least periodically charged with a specified constant pumping voltage as a function of at least one state parameter of the gas mixture.

Abstract: A sensor element is described for determining a physical property of a measuring gas, in particular the pressure or the concentration of a gas component in a gas mixture, in particular in the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine. The sensor element has an electrode exposed to the measuring gas and a reference electrode exposed to a reference gas, ambient air in particular, through a porous volume. The two electrodes are separated from one another by a solid electrolyte. To avoid premature aging of the reference electrode as a result of deposits of foreign substances contained in the reference gas or of chemical interactions caused by the foreign substances, the volume material is selected with respect to its physical and chemical properties in such a way that the foreign substances are bound in the volume and/or are subjected to a chemical reaction.

Abstract: Platinum metal cermet electrodes are described on which the electrochemical reduction of oxygen is made easier compared to known platinum metal cermet electrodes. The ceramic component of a platinum metal cermet electrode contains stabilized ZrO2 as its main constituent, the composition of the electrode being directed toward reducing its polarization resistance.

Abstract: A measuring sensor is described for determining a physical property of a measured gas, especially for determining the oxygen concentration or the pollutant concentration in the exhaust gas of internal combustion engines, which has a sensor element that is exposable to the measured gas which is at least partially coated with a protective layer that protects against harmful components in the measured gas. In order to achieve producing a “contamination protection”, that is cost-effective from a manufacturing technology point of view, particularly against silicon compounds and phosphorus compounds, the protective layer (26) is made of highly active ?- or ?-aluminum oxide (Al2O3) having additives of compounds of the alkaline metals group, the alkaline earths group, the IV B subgroup or the lanthanides group.

Abstract: A heating device for a sensor element of a gas sensor, in particular for use in exhaust gas analysis of internal combustion engines, has a heating element, which has an electrical resistor layer. The heating element is electrically insulated from at least one solid electrolyte layer by a layer containing barium and/or strontium and/or calcium. For this purpose, the heating element is embedded in a first insulator, which is adjoined by a second insulator. The first insulator has a higher barium and/or strontium and/or calcium content (expressed in weight percentage) than the second insulator.

Abstract: A sensor element of a gas sensor is described, this sensor being used to determine the concentration of at least one component of a gas mixture, in particular in exhaust gases of internal combustion engines. It includes at least two electrodes which are situated in an internal gas space which is in direct contact with the gas mixture, the one electrode containing a first material and the second electrode containing a second material. The internal gas space contains a means which acts physically and/or chemically to prevent diffusion of metal between the electrodes.

Abstract: An unheated planar sensor element for determining the concentration of a gas component in a gas mixture, in particular the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine, has a sensor foil made of a solid electrolyte with an outer electrode exposed to the measuring gas, and an inner electrode exposed to a reference gas, as well as a reference-gas channel, which is covered by the sensor foil on one side and accommodates the inner electrode. To produce a small-volume, cost-effective unheated sensor element for use in small combustion engines having low power output yet sufficiently satisfactory measuring accuracy, the reference-gas channel is sealed on the underside by an additional sensor foil made of a solid electrolyte, and covered by an inner electrode lying inside the reference-gas channel and an outer electrode exposed to the measuring gas.

Abstract: An insulating material for an electric component is provided, including sintered aluminum oxide to which a substance is added, the substance being deposited at the grain boundaries of the aluminum oxide and repressing the mobility of ions. In addition, a gas sensor is described having an insulating layer made of such an insulating material.

Abstract: An unheated planar sensor element for determining the concentration of a gas component in a gas mixture, in particular the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine, has a sensor foil made of a solid electrolyte with an outer electrode exposed to the measuring gas, and an inner electrode exposed to a reference gas, as well as a reference-gas channel, which is covered by the sensor foil on one side and accommodates the inner electrode. To produce a small-volume, cost-effective unheated sensor element for use in small combustion engines having low power output yet sufficiently satisfactory measuring accuracy, the reference-gas channel is sealed on the underside by an additional sensor foil made of a solid electrolyte, and covered by an inner electrode lying inside the reference-gas channel and an outer electrode exposed to the measuring gas.

Abstract: A heating device for a gas sensor, in particular for use in the exhaust gas analysis of internal combustion engines, including a heating element having an electrical resistor layer. The heating element is embedded in a first insulation which in turn is surrounded, at least in part, by a second insulation. The first and the second insulation have different porosities.

Abstract: A sensor element is used to detect a physical property of a measuring gas, preferably to determine the oxygen content or the temperature of an exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine. The sensor element contains a first solid electrolyte layer and a second solid electrolyte layer. A first printed conductor and a second printed conductor are provided on opposite sides of the first solid electrolyte layer, the first printed conductor including a first electrode and a feed line to the first electrode, and the second printed conductor including a second electrode and a feed line to the second electrode. A third printed conductor, which includes a third electrode and a feed line to the third electrode, is provided on the second solid electrolyte layer. The second printed conductor is positioned between the third electrode and the first printed conductor.