Abstract: The invention relates to liquid crystal compounds of formula (I), where X1, X2, X3, Z1, Z2, L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6, L7, L8, L9, L10, L11 and a have the meanings given in claim 1, and liquid crystal media containing at least one compound of formula (I) and electro-optical displays comprising such a liquid crystal medium

Abstract: In a process for the preparation of ring compounds via a combinatorial synthesis, the reaction procedure is based on a Suzuki coupling, subsequent halo-demetallation and finally a further Suzuki coupling. The Suzuki couplings are each carried out with a boronic acid or a boronic acid ester. The reaction procedure uses provides novel ring compounds and uses novel synthesis units used for this purpose. The novel ring compounds are suitable for use as constituents in liquid-crystalline mixtures.

Abstract: The invention relates to fluorinated fluorene derivatives of negative DC anisotropy, of the formula I R1—(—A1—Z1—)k1—(—A2—Z2—)k2—W—(—Z3—A3—)k3—(—Z4—A4—)k4—R2I in which W denotes the sub-formula L1 and L2, independently of one another, are H, F, Cl, —CH2F, —CHF2 or —CF3, with the proviso that L1 and L2 are not both H, L3 and L4, independently of one another, are H or F, and R1, R2, A1, A2, A3, A4, Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, k1, k2, k3 and k4 are as defined above. The invention furthermore relates to liquid-crystalline media and to optical and electro-optical display elements.

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid-crystalline medium based on a mixture of polar compounds of positive dielectric anisotropy, characterised in that it comprises one or more compounds of the general formula I in which R1, L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6, Z1, Z2, X, v and u are as defined in claim 1.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of the formula I and to a liquid-crystalline medium based on a mixture of polar compounds of positive dielectric anisotropy, characterized in that it comprises one or more compounds of the general formula I in which R, A1, A2, Z1, Y, Z, L1, L2 and m are as defined herein.

Abstract: The invention relates to chiral compounds of formula (I) wherein R1, R2, A1, A2, X1, X2, Z3 and m have the meaning give in claim 1, to liquid crystalline mixtures comprising at least one chiral compound of formula (I), to chiral linear or crosslinked liquid crystalline polymers obtainable by polymerizing a polymerizable mixture comprising at least one chiral compound of formula (I), to the use of chiral compounds of formula (I) and mixtures and polymers obtained thereof in liquid crystal displays, active and passive optical elements, adhesives, synthetic resins with anisotropic mechanical properties, cosmetic and pharmaceutical compositions, diagnostics, liquid crystal pigments, for decorative and security applications, nonlinear optics, optical information storage or as chiral dopants, and to a liquid crystal display comprising a mixture comprising at least one chiral compound of formula (I).

Abstract: The invention relates to chiral compounds of formula (I) wherein Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4, X1, X2, X3 and X4 have the meaning given in claim 1, to liquid crystalline mixtures comprising at least one chiral compound of formula (I), to chiral linear or crosslinked liquid crystalline polymers obtainable by polymerizing a polymerizable mixture comprising at least one chiral compound of formula (I), to the use of chiral compounds of formula (I) and mixtures and polymers obtained thereof in liquid crystal displays, active and passive optical elements, adhesives, synthetic resins with anisotropic mechanical properties, cosmetic and pharmaceutical compositions, diagnostics, liquid crystal pigments, for decorative and security applications, nonlinear optics, optical information storage or as chiral dopants, and to a liquid crystal display comprising a mixture comprising at least one chiral compound of formula (I)

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid-crystalline medium comprising a mixture of at least two compounds of the general formula (I) R1-Am-Bn-Z1-C-Z2-D-R2??(I) in which R1 is H, an alkyl or alkenyl radical having 1 to 15 carbon atoms and 2 to 15 carbon atoms, respectively, which is unsubstituted, monosubstituted by CN or CF3 or at least monosubstituted by halogen, where one or more CH2 groups in these radicals may also, in each case independently of one another, be replaced by —O—, —S—, ?—CO—, —CO—O—, —O—CO— or —O—CO—O— in such a way that O atoms are not linked directly to one another; A, B, C and D are each, independently of one another, in which Y, Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4, Y5 and Y6 are each, independently of one another, H or F; C is, in addition to the abovementioned meanings, Z1 and Z2 are each, independently of one another, a single bond, —CH2O—, —OCH2—, —CH2—CH2—, —CH?CH—, —C?C—, —CF2—CF2—, 13 CF2O—, —OCF2— or —CO—O—; R2 is, in addition to the abovementioned meanings of R1, F, CF3, OCF3, OCHF2, OCH2CF

Abstract: The invention relates to CF2O-bridged cyclohexane derivatives, in particular compounds of formula (I), R1-(-A1-Z1-)k1-Q-CF2O-A2-(-Z3-A3-)K3-R2, wherein Q represents group (a); W1, W2 represent —CH2— and/or —O— independendy from each other, X1, X2, X3, X4 represent H, F, —CH3—CH2F—CH2F and/or —CF3 independently from each other, provided that at least one substituent X1, X2, X3 and/or X4 does not represent H, Z2 represents a simple bond, —CH2—CH2— or —CF2—CF2—, m represents 0 or 1 and R1, R2, A1, A2, A3, Z1, Z3, k1 and k3 have the meaning cited in the description. The invention further relates to liquid crystal substances such as optical and electro-optical display elements.

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid crystalline medium based on a mixture of polar compounds with positive dielectric anisotropy, characterized in that said medium contains one or more alkenyl compounds of the formula (I) and one or more compounds of the formula (IA) wherein R, R1, R2, ring A and ring B, L1, L2; L3; L4; X, Z1, Z2, y and z have the meanings cited in Claim 1.

Abstract: The invention relates to a photostable liquid-crystalline medium comprising at least one compound of the formula I and at least one compound of the formula II and to the use thereof for electro-optical purposes, and to displays containing this medium.

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid-crystalline medium based on a mixture of polar compounds of negative dielectric anisotropy which comprises at least one compound of the formula I in which R11 and R12, ring A, Z, a, L1 and L2 are as defined in claim 1, and the use thereof for an active-matrix display based on the ECB effect.

Abstract: The invention relates to 2,4?-substituted 6-cyclohexyl-trans-decalins of the general formula I in which R1, R2 and Z are as defined in Claim 1, to the use thereof as components of liquid-crystalline media, and to a liquid-crystal display element and an electro-optical display element.

Abstract: A liquid-crystalline medium comprises one or more compounds of the general formula (I) CF3O-a-b-c-F??(I) in which a, b, c may each denote, independently of one another, and further liquid-crystalline compounds.

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid crystalline medium, based on a mixture of polar compounds with a positive dielectric anisotropy. Said medium is characterised in that it contains one or more compounds of formula (I) wherein R, A1, A2, Z1, Z2, X1, X2, n and o are defined as per claim 1.

Abstract: The invention relates to liquid crystal compounds of formula (1), where X1, X2, X3, Z1, Z2, L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6, L7, L8, L9, L10, L11 and a have the meanings given in claim 1, and liquid crystal media containing at least one compound of formula (I) and electro-optical displays comprising such a liquid crystal medium.

Abstract: The invention relates to liquid-crystalline (dihydro)phenanthrene derivatives of the formula I in which R, G, A1, Z1, m, L1, L2, L3, L4, L5 and Y are as defined in claim 1, and to liquid-crystalline media comprising at least one (dihydro)phenanthrene derivative of the formula I, and to electro-optical displays containing a liquid-crystalline medium of this type.

Abstract: The invention relates to a high-torsion liquid crystalline medium, the use thereof for electro-optical purposes, and display devices containing said medium.

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid-crystalline medium based on a mixture of polar compounds of positive dielectric anisotropy, characterised in that it comprises one or more compounds of the general formula I 1

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of compounds having at least one —CF2O— bridge in the molecule, which comprises initially reacting a bis(alkylthio)carbenium salt with a compound containing at least one hydroxyl group in the presence of a base followed by oxidative fluorination, preferably in situ, with a fluorinating agent and an oxidizing agent to form the compound having at least one —CF2O— bridge in the molecule.