Abstract: A process for the preparation of phenothiazine granules having a narrow particle size distribution, phenothiazine having a purity of at least 98% in liquid form being forced through a means provided with holes and a frequency being applied to the liquid phenothiazine and the liquid phenothiazine emerging through the holes entering a cooling medium having a temperature in the range of from ?196 to =120° C. so that the liquid phenothiazine drops thus produced are brought to a temperature below the melting point and said drops are, if required, further solidified in a downstream cooling zone.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the production of ?-keto-carboxylic acid derivatives of formula (I) or the salts thereof, where X?NR?, O or S, R, R?, R1-R4 independently ?H, alkyl, alkenyl, aryl or heteroaryl, by reaction of a diketene of formula (II) with a compound comprising an active hydrogen of formula ROH, NHRR? or RSH, characterised in that the reaction is continuously carried out in a microreactor.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a phenothiazine granulate with a narrow particle size distribution. At least 98% pure phenothiazine in liquid form is pressed through a device provided with boreholes and a frequency is applied to said liquid phenothiazine. The liquid phenothiazine discharged through the boreholes enters a cooling medium having a temperature of between ?196 and +120° C. The drops of liquid phenothiazine thus produced are brought to a temperature below melting point and are optionally solidified in another post-cooling area. Optionally, fine-grain particles or coarse-grained particles thus formed can be subsequently removed by appropriate methods. The bulk density of the obtained phenothiazine granulates ranges more particularly from 720–780 kg/m3.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparing aryllithium compounds by reacting haloaliphatics with lithium metal to form a lithium alkyl and reacting the lithium alkyl with aromatic halogen compounds of formula (III) in a halogen-metal exchange reaction to form the corresponding lithium aromatics of formula (IV).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a phenothiazine granulate with a narrow particle size distribution. At least 98% pure phenothiazine in liquid form is pressed through a device provided with boreholes and a frequency is applied to said liquid phenothiazine. The liquid phenothiazine discharged through the boreholes enters a cooling medium having a temperature of between −196 and +120° C. The drops of liquid phenothiazine thus produced are brought to a temperature below melting point and are optionally solidified in another post-cooling area. Optionally, fine-grain particles or coarse-grained particles thus formed can be subsequently removed by appropriate methods. The bulk density of the obtained phenothiazine granulates ranges more particularly from 720-780 kg/m3.

Abstract: Process for preparing arylboron and alkylboron compounds of the formulae (II) and (III) by reacting arylmagnesium and alkylmagnesium halides of the formula (I) with boron compounds in microreactors in accordance with equation I or equation II, 1

Abstract: Process for preparing arylboron and alkylboron compounds of the formulae (II) and (III) by reacting lithioaromatics and lithiated aliphatics of the formula (I) with boron compounds in microreactors in accordance with equation I or equation II, 1

Abstract: According to the invention, the alkoxylation of compounds containing active hydrogen atoms is carried out in the presence of specific alkaline earth metal salts of alkylor alkenylsuccinic monoesters as catalyst. The alkoxylates obtained have a narrow homolog distribution and a good appearance.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of a microbicidal agent containing polymeric quaternary ammonium borate, obtained by simultaneous reaction of amines of the formula I or II ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 to R.sup.7 and A are as defined in the description, with 1 to 20 mol of ethylene oxide or propylene oxide and 0.6 to 1.5 mol of boric acid, boric acid esters or salts of boric acid, in each case per mole of nitrogen equivalent, as a preservative and/or disinfectant for industrial products and industrial plants.

Abstract: Polymer ammonium borates having a molecular weight from about 5000 to about 500,000 and obtained by homopolymerization of monomers, such as, for example, diallyldialkylammonium chloride, and by copolymerization of mixtures of two monomers, such as, for example, diallyldimethylammonium chloride and diallylmethyloctylammonium chloride, having molar monomer ratios of about 0.5:0.5 to about 0.95:0.05 in the copolymer, followed, if desired, by anion exchange, and mixtures of these compounds. Polymer ammonium borates according to the invention are suitable as colorless charge-control agents in toners and developers for electrophotographic recording processes and as charge-improving agents in powders and coatings for surface coating.

Abstract: Flow accelerating with mixtures of organic ammonium salts composed of 20 to 80% of a quaternary ammonium salt of the formula ##STR1## 80 to 20% by weight of an amine salt of the formula ##STR2## where in both formulae R.sup.1 denotes C.sub.12 -C.sub.26 -alkyl, C.sub.12 -C.sub.26 -alkenyl, C.sub.12 -C.sub.26 -fluoroalkyl, C.sub.12 -C.sub.26 -fluoroalkenyl or a group of the formula ##STR3## R.sub.f --(CH.sub.2).sub.y B(CH.sub.2).sub.x --, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 denote C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 -alkyl, preferably methyl, R.sup.4 denotes C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl and, for the case where R.sup.1 =alkyl or alkenyl, also a group of the formula --(C.sub.2 H.sub.4 O).sub.z H,R.sub.f denotes C.sub.8 -C.sub.20 -fluoroalkyl or C.sub.8 -C.sub.20 -fluoroalkenyl,R.sup.

Abstract: Mixtures of organic ammonium salts composed of 20 to 80% of a quaternary ammonium salt of the formula ##STR1## and 80 to 20% by weight of an amine salt of the formula ##STR2## where in both formulae R.sup.1 denotes C.sub.12 -C.sub.26 -alkyl, C.sub.12 -C.sub.26 -alkenyl, C.sub.12 -C.sub.26 -fluoroalkyl, C.sub.12 -C.sub.26 -fluoroalkenyl or a group of the formula ##STR3## R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 denote C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 -alkyl, preferably methyl, R.sup.4 denotes C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl and, for the case where R.sup.1 =alkyl or alkenyl, also a group of the formula --(C.sub.2 H.sub.4 O).sub.z H,R.sub.f denotes C.sub.8 -C.sub.20 -fluoroalkyl or C.sub.8 -C.sub.20 -fluoroalkenyl,R.sup.5 denotes hydrogen, methyl or ethyl,B denotes oxygen or sulfur,x denotes an integer from 2 to 6,y denotes 0, 1 or 2, andz denotes numbers from 1 to 4, and additionally 30-70 mole %, preferably 40-60 mole %, particularly preferably 50 mol %, of alkali-metal salicylate calculated on the basis of the total amount of .beta.

Abstract: Use of polymeric ammonium salts which have a molecular weight of about 5000 to about 500,000, and are obtained by homopolymerization of monomers, such as, for example, diallyldialkylammonium chloride, or by copolymerization of mixtures of two monomers, such as, for example, diethyldimethylammonium chloride and diallylmethyloctylammonium chloride, with molar monomer ratios of about 0.5:0.5 to about 0.95:0.05 in the copolymer, and if appropriate subsequent anion exchange, individually or in combination as charge control agents in electrophotographic toners and developers which are employed for copying or duplicating masters and for printing electronically, magnetically or optically stored information or in colorproofing, and as charge control agents in powders and powder coatings.

Abstract: A biocidal preservative for cellulose-containing products containing a biocidally effective amount of a polymeric quaternary ammonium borate obtained by simultaneous reaction of (A) at least one member of the group consisting of boric acid and salts and esters thereof and (B) an amine of the formula ##STR1## and (C) ethylene oxide or propylene oxide wherein R.sub.1 is alkyl or alkenyl of 8 to 22 carbon atoms and R.sub.2 is hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 22 carbon atoms or --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 NH.sub.2 or R.sub.1 is alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms and R.sub.2 is --(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.x --H or --(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.x --H, R.sub.3 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, --(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.x --H, (CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.x --H and --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 NH.sub.2, R.sub.4 and R.sub.6 are individually selected from the group consisting of alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, --(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.x --H and --(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.x --H, and R.sub.5 and R.