Abstract: Hybrid electronic circuit structure comprising a low-temperature cofired ceramic (LTCC) tape and a ferromagnetic device, said device being formed by a ferromagnetic material, wherein said ferromagnetic material comprises a ferromagnetic oxide and a sintering agent material and wherein the sintering agent material comprises Zn4B6O13 (zinc boralith).

Abstract: The invention relates to a ceramic capacitor having at least two electrodes and a ceramic dielectric of a dielectric, ceramic preparation which is essentially composed of an oxide-ceramic dielectric substance and a sintering agent including zinc borate Zn4B6O13.

Abstract: The invention relates to a ceramic capacitor comprising at least two electrodes and a ceramic dielectric of a dielectric, ceramic preparation which is essentially composed of an oxide-ceramic dielectric substance and a sintering agent including zinc borate Zn4B6O13.

Abstract: A capacitor having a ceramic dielectric and at least two electrodes, in which the dielectric is essentially a dielectric ceramic composition of a barium-calcium-manganese-zirconium-titanate having the general formula (Ba1−xCax)yO3 with 0<a≦0.25, 0<b≦0.015, 0.001≦c≦0.01, 0.005≦d≦0.02, 0<x≦0.20, 1.001≦y≦1.014, 0.0005≦z≦0.03 and is characterized by a high capacitance, small dimensions and a long lifetime.

Abstract: A gas discharge lamp has electrodes of Ba(Ti1−xZrx)O3 with donor/acceptor dopants. Specific donor/acceptor combinations, an optimized content of zirconium and an optimized atomic ratio between the cations leads to ferroelectric ceramic exhibiting high values of the remnant polarization Pr and the dielectric constant &ggr;r, as well as rectangular hysteresis loop and low coercive field strengths Ec. When an alternating voltage is applied to the ferroelectric electrodes, the non-linear properties of the electrodes bring about the ignition of the lamp as well as the continuous operation thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a ceramic multilayer capacitor having a number of ceramic layers on the basis of a doped (Ba,Ca)[Ti,Zr]O.sub.3 as well as a number of electrode layers of Ni, the ceramic layers and the electrode layers being alternately stacked to form a multilayer structure which is provided with electric connections at two side faces, said electric connections being connected to a number of the electrode layers. The invention is characterized in that the composition of the main component of the doped (Ba,Ca)[Ti,Zr]O.sub.3 corresponds to the formula(Ba.sub.1-x Ca.sub.x)(Ti.sub.1-a-b-y Zr.sub.y Mn.sub.a Mo.sub.b A.sub.c).sub.k O.sub.3-.delta.wherein:0.00.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.0.050.10.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.0.250.00<a.ltoreq.0.010.00<b.ltoreq.0.010.00.ltoreq.c.ltoreq.0.010.99<k.ltoreq.0.999and wherein A stands for at least one element selected from the series including Y, Ho, Dy, Er, Yb, Ga, Ni, Mg, Zn and Al, the elements Y, Ga and Zn being preferred.

Abstract: A capacitor comprising a ceramic dielectric material and at least two electrodes, said dielectric material essentially consisting of a dielectric composition with a doped barium-calcium-zirconium-titanate, said doped barium-calcium-zirconium-titanate having the compositionBa.sub.0.96 Ca.sub.0.04).sub.a ?Ti.sub.0.82-y Zr.sub.0.18 Mn.sub.y !O.sub.3 ,wherein 0.001.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.0.01, 1.00<a.ltoreq.1.02 and being doped with tungsten in a quantity r of 0.001 to 0.005 mol/formula unit and with at least one element A of the group formed by aluminium, gallium, yttrium, zinc, nickel and ytterbium in a quantity s of 0.001 to 0.005 mol/formula unit.

Abstract: A ceramic multilayer capacitor includes a number of ceramic layers on the basis of a doped BaTiO.sub.3 and a number of electrode layers of Ni. The ceramic layers and the electrode layers are alternately stacked to form a multilayer structure which is provided with electric connections at both side faces. The composition of the main component of the doped BaTiO.sub.3 corresponds to the formula(Ba.sub.1-a-b Ca.sub.a Sr.sub.b) (Ti.sub.1-c-d-e-f Zr.sub.c Al.sub.d Mn.sub.e Nb.sub.f).sub.k O.sub.3+.delta.wherein:0.02.ltoreq.a.ltoreq.0.080.002.ltoreq.b.ltoreq.0.030.15.ltoreq.c.ltoreq.0.200.00<d.ltoreq.0.030.001.ltoreq.e.ltoreq.0.020.0005.ltoreq.f.ltoreq.0.011.001.ltoreq.k.ltoreq.1.005.

Abstract: Components whose palladium metal-containing constituent is not subject to delamination and which exhibit very good dielectric properties are obtained by means of a method of manufacturing a ceramic electronic component. The ceramic electronic component is essentially composed of a dielectric oxide ceramic and at least one palladium-containing component, and is obtained by firing and sintering of a green body containing an organic binder with the firing process including a first step in which the binder is removed from the binder-containing green body by means of a water-gas reaction in a water vapor-containing, essentially oxygen-free, atmosphere at temperatures between 20.degree. and 880 .degree. C., and a second step in which the dielectric oxide ceramic is re-oxidized in an atmosphere having an oxygen content of 10 to 100% by volume at a temperature in the range from 880 .degree. C. to 900 .degree. C.

Abstract: The invention provides a novel type of piezoelectric element. This element comprises a number of piezoelectric layers of a ceramic material and a number of electrode layers of a silver-palladium alloy. The piezoelectric layers and the electrode layers are stacked alternately to form a multilayer. This multilayer is also provided with at least two external electrical connections which are in contact with a number of said electrode layers. In accordance with the invention, the composition of the main component of the ceramic material corresponds to the formula:?Pb.sub.1-u-x Ag.sub.u RE.sub.x !?Ti.sub.1-y-z Zr.sub.y (W.sub.1/2 Mg.sub.1/2).sub.z !O.sub.3,where RE is at least one element selected from the group formed by La, Nd, Sm and Gd, and in which 0<u.ltoreq.0.025; 0.005.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.0.05; 0.44.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.0.52 and 0.015.ltoreq.z.ltoreq.0.1. Preferably, RE stands for La and 0.005<u<0.020. This material can be sintered at a low temperature and has a relatively high Curie temperature.

Abstract: A low-pressure discharge lamp according to the invention is provided with a radiation-transmitting discharge vessel which encloses a discharge space containing an ionizable filling in a gastight manner, and electrodes arranged in the discharge space between which a discharge path extends. At least one of the electrodes is a sintered mixture of metal and ceramic material, the proportional quantity of metal in the mixture being small compared with the proportional quantity of ceramic material. The sintered mixture includes smaller ceramic particles with a modal diameter D1 and larger ceramic particles with a modal diameter D2, the ratio D2/D1 being at least 3, while the proportional volume of the smaller ceramic particles is small compared with that of the larger ceramic particles. In the lamp according to the invention, the electrodes have a comparatively high resistance to temperature variations in spite of the small proportional volume of metal particles.

Abstract: Fine, monodisperse oxide powders can be manufactured by means of a method which does not require expensive production facilities, in which methoda graphite intercalation compound is manufactured by reacting one or more chemical starting compounds of one or more elements of the groups Ib, IIa, IIb, IIIa, IIIb, IVa, IVb, Va, Vb, VIa, VIb, VIIb, VIII of the periodic table as well as of the lanthanides and actinides with a graphitic carbon modification having a grain size.ltoreq.150 .mu.m, andthe graphite intercalation compound is converted by an oxidation agent into binary oxide of one or more elements of the groups Ib, IIa, IIb, IIIa, IIIb, IVa, IVb, Va, Vb, VIa, VIb, VIIb, VIII of the periodic table as well as of the lanthanides and actinides.

Abstract: Non-linear voltage-dependent resistor having a ceramic sintered body based on zinc oxide as a resistance material which is doped with at least one alkaline earth metal, rare earth metal and metal of the iron group present as an oxide and is doped with at least one of the metals from the group aluminum, gallium and/or indium and having electrodes provided on oppositely located major surfaces of the sintered body, in which the sintered body is constructed from several layers having at least a layer structure of one layer of resistance material on a carrier layer based on zinc oxide which has a higher electric conductivity as compared with the resistance material, as well as a method of manufacturing same.

Abstract: An electrochemical time switching device comprising a hollow body (1). The hollow body (1) is filled with a liquid electrolyte (12), in which a disintegrable anode (11) and a cathode (8) are arranged, between which a charge flows through the electrolyte (12) when a voltage is applied between the anode connection (6) and the cathode connection (7). An elastic sleeve (9) is arranged in the hollow body (1) between the anode connection (6) and the anode (11) and this sleeve encloses an electrical lead-in wire (10) interconnecting the anode connection (6) and the anode (11). The cross-section of the lead-in wire (10) is smaller than the cross-section of the anode (11) and its length is smaller than the length of the relieved sleeve (9).

Abstract: A voltage-dependent resistor having a low operational field strength with a ceramic sintered body on the basis of a polycrystalline alkaline earth metal titanate doped with a small quantity of a metal oxide so as to produce an N-type conductivity, in which the sintered body comprises at its grain boundaries insulating layers formed by in-diffusion of at least a metal oxide or at least a metal oxide compound and comprises of an alkaline earth metal titanate having Perowskite structure of the general formula:(A.sub.1-x Ln.sub.x)TiO.sub.3 .multidot.yTiO.sub.2 or A(Ti.sub.1-x Me.sub.x)O.sub.3 .multidot.yTiO.sub.2wherein: A=alkaline earth metal; Ln=rare earth metal; Me=metal having a valency of 5 or more; 0.0005<x<solubility limit in the Perowskite phase; y=0.001 to 0.02.

Abstract: A non-linear resistor having an operational field strength which optionally is formed as a VDR- or as an NTC-resistor having a ceramic sintered body on the basis of a polycrystalline alkaline earth metal titanate doped with a small quantity of a metal oxide so as to produce an N-type conductivity, in which the sintered body comprises at its grain boundaries insulating layers formed by re-oxidation of the sintered body and consists of an alkaline earth metal titanate having a Perowskite structure of the general formula(A.sub.1-x Ln.sub.x)TiO.sub.3.yTiO.sub.2 or A(Ti.sub.1-x Me.sub.x)O.sub.3.yTio.sub.2,wherein: A=alkaline earth metal; Ln=rare earth metal; Me=metal having a valency of 5 or more; 0.0005<x<solubility limit in the Perowskite phase; y=0.001 to 0.02.

Abstract: A voltage-dependent resistor having a low operational field strength with a ceramic sintered body on the basis of a polycrystalline alkaline earth metal titanate doped with a small quantity of a metal oxide so as to produce an N-type conductivity, in which the sintered body comprises at its grain boundaries insulating layers formed by in-diffusion of at least a metal oxide or at least a metal oxide compound and comprises of an alkaline earth metal titanate having Perowskite structure of the general formula:(A.sub.1-x Ln.sub.x)TiO.sub.3.yTiO.sub.2 or A(Ti.sub.1-x Me.sub.x)O.sub.3.yTiO.sub.2wherein: A=alkaline earth metal; Ln=rare earth metal; Me=metal having a valency of 5 or more; 0.0005<x<solubility limit in the Perowskite phase; y=0.001 to 0.02.

Abstract: A non-linear resistor having an operational field strength which optionally is formed as a VDR- or as an NTC-resistor having a ceramic sintered body on the basis of a polycrystalline alkaline earth metal titanate doped with a small quantity of a metal oxide so as to produce an N-type conductivity, in which the sintered body comprises at its grain boundaries insulating layers formed by re-oxidation of the sintered body and consists of an alkaline earth metal titanate having a Perowskite structure of the general formula(A.sub.1-x Ln.sub.x)TiO.sub.3.yTiO.sub.2 or A(Ti.sub.1-x Me.sub.x)O.sub.3.yTiO.sub.2,wherein: A=alkaline earth metal; Ln=rare earth metal; Me=metal having a valency of 5 or more; 0.0005<.times.<solubility limit in the Perowskite phase; y.times.0.001 to 0.02.

Abstract: Ceramic dielectric based on bismuth-containing BaTiO.sub.3 in the form of a monophase mixed crystal-ceramic in which 0.02 to 0.12 mol of the layer perovskite PbBi.sub.4 Ti.sub.4 O.sub.15 or SrBi.sub.4 Ti.sub.4 O.sub.15 per mol of BaTiO.sub.3 are provided. On account of its comparatively low sintering temperature and in particular on account of the very small change of the value of the relative dielectric constant with applied direct voltage fields, the ceramic is particularly suitable for the manufacture of multilayer capacitors.

Abstract: A lead germante phase, (Pb.sub.5 Ge.sub.3 O.sub.11) is added to a ceramic sintered body formed from a polycrystalline alkaline earth metal titanate which has been doped with a small quantity of metal oxide to produce a N-type conductivity. A thin insulating layer of this germante is formed at the grain boundaries of the polycrystalline semiconducting alkaline earth metal titanate because of the formation of a liquid phase during sintering. Thus, the varistor effect is immediately available in the overall volume of the resistance body and need not first be induced by means of a forming procedure, as is the case for known resistors formed from N-doped barium titanate.