Abstract: Techniques for improving the resiliency of communication networks by providing radio access network data stored in a radio access network database to one or more associated radio access network nodes are provided. A network entity receives a connection request from a user device including at least a radio access network set identifier or radio access network database identifier. The network entity determines whether the radio access network set identifier received in the connection request corresponds to an associated radio access network set identifier. In an instance in which the radio access network set identifier received in the connection request corresponds to the associated radio access network set identifier, radio access network database data are retrieved from the radio access network database associated with the radio access network set identifier. The radio access network database data include at least user device context data for the associated user device.

Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for dynamically updating routing identifiers (IDs) are provided. One method may include deciding, at a network node, to update a routing identifier for at least one user equipment. The method may then include obtaining or generating a new routing identifier to be assigned to the at least one user equipment along with authentication vectors, and transmitting the new routing identifier to an authentication entity.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and computer program product provide for generating and providing a signaling indicator to manage quality of service notifications in a network. In the context of a method, the method receives a signaling indicator from a user device. The signaling indicator includes data associated with one or more preferences of the user device. The method further receives a quality of service notification associated with the user device. The method also determines, based on the signaling indicator, whether to provide the quality of service notification to the user device.

Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for selective indications towards a UE (110), for example, at de-registration (110) from an AMF with request to re-register (130) with another AMF, are provided.

Abstract: There is provided an apparatus that comprises means for receiving a request from a second network function including information relating to the second network function, determining, based on the information relating to the second network function, at least one proxy function and in response to the request, providing to the second network function information relating to the at least one determined proxy function.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus, including computer program products, are provided for supporting network functions. In some example embodiments, there may be provided a method that includes selecting, by a network node, a network function instance and/or a group of network function instances, the selecting based on information indicating membership of the network function instance in the group of network functions instances and the information including session information for a request associated with a session of a user equipment, the session information indicating whether the network function instance and/or the group of network function instances is assigned to the user equipment; and forwarding, by the network node, the request to the selected network function instance and/or the selected group. Related systems, methods, and articles of manufacture are also described.

Abstract: Various communication systems may benefit from handling of various connection states. For example, certain wireless communication systems may benefit from a hybrid release that may enable any access management function to process a user equipment transaction. A method can include determining, by an access management function, whether to remain a serving node for a user equipment. The method can include taking an action with respect to an NG2 association for the user equipment based on the determination.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and computer program product receive, at a network node of a communication network, information about an accumulated packet delay in the communication network. The method, apparatus and computer program product estimate next hop transport delay and estimate or measure a processing delay of the network node. The method, apparatus and computer program product update the accumulated packet delay by adding the next hop transport delay and the processing delay to the accumulated packet delay. The method, apparatus and computer program product cause transmission of information about the accumulated packet delay in a header of a packet carrying user data or a control packet in the communication network to a next hop node of the communication network.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus, including computer program products, are provided for services, such as SMS, location services, and/or the like over the NAS through a non-cellular access. In some example embodiments, there may be provided a method that includes receiving, via a non-access stratum connection through a wireless local area network, a notification message; sending a service request message to request, via the non-access stratum connection through the wireless local area network, delivery of downlink data for a service; and receiving, via the non-access stratum connection through the wireless local area network, the downlink data for the service. Related systems, methods, and articles of manufacture are also described.

Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for dynamically unsubscribing from a public land mobile network (PLMN)/non-private network (NPN) service. In example embodiments, a method is provided. The method comprises transmitting, by a user equipment (UE), at least one first message (112, 114) associated with registering with at least one network, wherein the at least one first message (112, 114) includes first information that indicates whether the user equipment (UE) is capable of unsubscribing from one or more services associated with the at least one network; and receiving, by the user equipment (UE), at least one second message (124) associated with accepting registration of the user equipment (UE) with the at least one network, wherein the at least one second message (124) includes second information that indicates whether the user equipment (UE) is allowed to unsubscribe from the one or more services.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and computer program product are provided herein to provide a Protocol Data Unit (PDU) session priority parameter. For example, a method is provided that comprises identifying a need in a user equipment (UE) for establishing a new protocol data unit PDU session. The method also includes evaluating whether to establish a new PDU session and determining whether to establish a new PDU session based on a PDU session priority parameter when a maximum number of PDU sessions the UE can establish in the network is reached.

Abstract: A plurality of interworking functions, which provide inter-working between a communication network acting as an access network and a non-public network, is associated with a plurality of sites or network slices hosted by the non-public network (S201). A user equipment is configured Process 1 to select an interworking function of the plurality of interworking functions based on information on a site or network slice the user equipment is associated with, of the plurality of sites or network slices (S203).

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and computer program product provide for adaptive paging for user equipment (UE) with multiple subscriber identification modules (SIMs). A UE may provide, in a registration message to the network, an indication that the UE supports multiple SIMs. The network may allow repeated paging to let a SIM miss a paging occasion without interpreting that the UE is unavailable. The indication from the UE can specify the number of SIMS supported by the UE. The network can adapt the number of paging repetitions to the UE. If the UE is accepting paging from another network or has a SIM that is already active with the network, the UE sends the network a paging control message. If the UE detects a paging occasion conflict, the UE sends the network a registration message with a replacement ID for paging another SIM, and the UE and the network negotiate appropriate paging.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and computer program products provide for specifying, in quality of service (QoS) requests, alternative QoS-related parameter sets and/or alternative traffic pattern parameter sets. In the context of one method, the method receives a QoS request comprising one or more QoS parameters and/or one or more traffic pattern parameters, and one or more alternative QoS parameter sets and/or one and more alternative traffic pattern parameter sets. The method also selects the one or more QoS parameters or an alternative QoS parameter set of the one or more alternative QoS parameter sets based on a supporting capability of a network. The method also causes transmission of a Policy and Charging Control (PCC) rule based on the selected parameters and transmits an indication of the selected parameters.

Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for efficient registration for partially supported service areas are provided. One method may include providing, to at least one user equipment registered to a network within a registration area, information comprising one or more lists of single network slice selection assistance information (S-NSSAIs) and one or more lists of tracking area identities (TAIs). The one or more single network slice selection assistance information (S-NSSAIs) is included in a list of rejected single network slice selection assistance information (S-NSSAIs) or in a list of extended rejected single network slice selection assistance information (S-NSSAIs), and is associated with a cause value indicating that the one or more single network slice selection assistance information (S-NSSAIs) is not supported uniformly in the registration area and is not supported in a current tracking area.

Abstract: Various example embodiments described herein generally relate to apparatuses, methods and computer programs. For instance, an apparatus may include at least one processor and at least one memory including computer code, the at least one memory and the computer code configured, with the at least one processor, to cause the apparatus at least to receive, at a user plane function, a request to establish a session from a session management function, where the user plane function is part of a set of user plane functions. The at least one memory and the computer code may be further configured, with the at least one processor, to cause the apparatus at least to cause a response to be provided to the session management function, where the response includes information uniquely identifying the session in the set of user plane functions.

Abstract: A plurality of interworking functions, which provide interworking between a communication network acting as access network and another communication network, is associated with a plurality of network slices or non-public networks hosted by the other communication network. A user equipment performs connection (S301) to a communication network acting as access network, and selects (S303) an interworking function of the plurality of interworking functions based on information on a network slice or non-public network hosted by the other communication network, wherein the user equipment is associated with the network slice or non-public network.

Abstract: In accordance with an example embodiment of the present invention, a method comprising: receiving, at a network node of a registration area (RA), a list of cells and their associated tracking area identities (TAIs) from at least one other network node of the RA; determining which of the received TAIs are neighbouring TAIs of one of the TAIs of the network node; building a list of neighbouring TAIs corresponding to the at least one other network node; transmitting, to a network management entity, a list of closed access group identifiers (CAG IDs) supported by the network node's TAIs and the list of neighbouring TAIs corresponding to the at least one other network node; and receiving, from the network management entity, a list of user equipment (UE) allowed CAG IDs.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and computer program product are provided herein to receive, from a source, performance requirements, and cause transmission, to a network, of a request to influence time sensitive communications (TSC) configuration parameters. For example, a method is provided to in response to the request to influence TSC configuration, receive, from the network, network configuration and radio access network (RAN) resource constraints and determine a quality of service (QoS) and the TSC configuration parameters to support a TSC data stream based on the performance requirements received from the source, the network configuration, and the RAN resource constraints. The method is further configured to cause transmission of the determined QoS and the TSC configuration parameters to the network and the source and in an instance the network accepts the determined QoS and the TSC configuration parameters, configure resources for the TSC data stream and continuously support service continuity.

Abstract: There is provided an apparatus, said apparatus comprising means for receiving, from a first user equipment associated with a network via a first path, a request at a second user equipment associated with the network, for the second user equipment to act as a relay node for the first user equipment acting as a master node to provide a second path between the first user equipment and the network, wherein the first user equipment and the second user equipment are connected using a proximity service interface, performing, at the second user equipment, an authorisation procedure with the network to act as a relay node for the first user equipment and providing an indication to the first user equipment that the second user equipment is authorised to act as a relay node for the first user equipment.