Abstract: An electronic vault includes an array of smart products for use in processing associated transactions. Because smart product transactions usually require that a value of currency always be stored on a particular smart product, the vault provides a collection of smart products storing digital currency values for use in processing a high volume of associated transactions.

Abstract: A distributed budgeting and accounting system is designed to operate with secure token devices. The secure token devices serve both as electronic currency purses and as secure vehicles for authorization. The distributed budgeting and accounting system allows a budget to be defined for an organization. The budget is implemented via the secure token devices by transferring electronic currency tokens representing portions of the budgets to secure token devices associated with different portions of the organization. The funds may be transferred down a hierarchical organization by transferring funds between respective pairs of secure token devices. Once the budget has been fully distributed, members of the organization may spend electronic currency tokens on their secure token devices to cover the cost of using resources. Each card holder of the secure token device may only spend up to the amount provided on the associated secure token device.

Abstract: An electronic vault includes an array of smart products for use in processing associated transactions. Because smart product transactions usually require that a value of currency always be stored on a particular smart product, the vault provides a collection of smart products storing digital currency values for use in processing a high volume of associated transactions.